2017中考英語常用不規(guī)則動詞大匯總

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★記憶法一:常見93個不規(guī)則動詞的變化規(guī)律歸納如下:
    一、A—A—A型,即原形、過去式和過去分詞三者都相同。(共9個)
    cost—cost—cost
    cut—cut—cut
    hit—hit—hithurt—hurt—hurt
    let—let—let
    put—put—put
    read—read—read
    set—set—set
    shut—shut—shut
    二、A—B—B型,即過去式、過去分詞相同。(共41個)
    1.過去式和過去分詞都含有-ought。(3個)
    bring—brought—brought
    buy—bought—bought
    think—thought—thought
    2.詞尾有-ild,-end時,只需把d變?yōu)閠。(4個)
    build—built—built
    lend—lent—lent
    send—sent—sent
    spend—spent—spent
    3.過去式、過去分詞都含有-aught。(2個)
    catch—caught—caught
    teach—taught—taught
    4.把-eep變?yōu)?ept。(3個)
    keep—kept—kept
    sleep—slept—slept
    sweep—swept—swept
    5.把-ell變?yōu)?old。(2個)
    tell—told—told
    sell—sold—sold
    6.過去式、過去分詞都含有-elt或-ilt。(4個)
    smell—smelt—smelt
    spell—spelt—spelt
    feel—felt—felt
    spill—spilt—spilt
    7.過去式、過去分詞都在原形詞尾加t。(3個)
    learn—learnt—learnt
    mean—meant—meant
    spoil—spoilt—spoilt
    8.過去式、過去分詞詞尾是d。(4個)
    say—said—said
    pay—paid—paid
    lay—laid—laid
    hear—heard—heard
    9.改變元音字母。(11個)
    meet—met—met
    get—got—got
    sit—sat—sat
    find—found—found
    hold—held—held
    spit—spat—spat
    shine—shone—shone
    win—won—won
    hang—hung—hung
    dig—dug—dug
    lose—lost—lost
    10.改變輔音字母。(1個)
    make—made—made
    11.改變元、輔音字母。(4個)
    leave—left—left
    stand—stood—stood
    have(has)—had—had
    understand—understood—understood
    三、A—B—C型,即原形、過去式、過去分詞都不相同。(共35個)
    1.i—a—u變化。(6個)
    begin—began—begun
    drink—drank—drunk
    sing—sang—sung
    ring—rang—rung
    swim—swam—swum
    sink—sank—sunk
    2.詞尾為-ow,-aw時,過去式將其變?yōu)?ew,過去分詞在其原形后加n。(5個)
    blow—blew—blown
    draw—drew—drawn
    grow—grew—grown
    know—knew—known
    throw—threw—thrown(show除外)
    3.詞尾為“i+輔(1個)+e”,過去式將i變?yōu)閛,過去分詞多在原形后加n,若那個輔音字母為d或t,須雙寫d或t后加n。(4個)(give,hide除外)
    drive—drove—driven
    write—wrote—written
    ride—rode—ridden
    rise—rose—risen
    4.過去分詞在過去式后加(e)n。(5個)
    break—broke—broken
    choose—chose—chosen
    freeze—froze—frozen
    speak—spoke—spoken
    wake—woke—woken
    5.過去分詞由過去式加-ten構(gòu)成。(1個)
    forget—forgot—forgotten
    6.過去分詞由原形加(e)n構(gòu)成。(6個)
    be—was(were)—been
    eat—ate—eaten
    fall—fell—fallen
    give—gave—given
    see—saw—seen
    hide—hid—hidden(hid)
    7.詞尾為-ake時,過去式將其變?yōu)?ook,過去分詞在原形詞后加-n。(2個)
    take—took—taken
    mistake—mistook—mistaken
    8.原形、過去式和過去分詞都不相同。(6個)
    do—did—done
    fly—flew—flown
    go—went—gone
    lie—lay—lain
    show—showed—shown
    wear—wore—worn
    四、A—A—B型,即過去式和原形相同。(1個)
    beat—beat—beaten
    五、A—B—A型,即過去分詞和原形相同。(3個)
    come—came—come
    become—became—become
    run—ran—run
    六、情態(tài)動詞型,只有原形和過去式,沒有過去分詞。(4個)
    can—could
    may—might
    will—would
    shall—should
    ★記憶法二:不規(guī)則動詞相對于規(guī)則動詞來說,難記得多,是最難對付的一類詞。學(xué)生難學(xué),老師難教。幸好它們不是雜亂無章的,可根據(jù)其中的一些內(nèi)部規(guī)律來記憶。下面給大家介紹一種歸納記憶法,以期大家在攻克這一難關(guān)時,能收到事半功倍的效果。
    一、原形、過去式、過去分詞相同:
    cost/cut/hit/hurt/let/put/read/shut
    (細(xì)心的你一定會發(fā)現(xiàn),這些詞中大多數(shù)是以字母t結(jié)尾的。)
    二、原形、過去式相同,過去分詞不同:
    beat/beat/beaten
    三、原形、過去分詞相同,過去式不同:
    come/came/comebecome/became/becomerun/ran/run
    (come,become,屬不規(guī)則變化,但welcome屬規(guī)則動詞,其過去式、過去分詞為:welcomed,welcomed)
    四、過去式,過去分詞相同:
    (1)去掉字母組合ee中的一個e
    meet/met/metfeed/fed/fed
    (2)去掉字母組合ee中的一個e,然后再在詞尾加t
    feel/felt/feltsleep/slept/slept
    keep/kept/keptsweep/swept/swept
    (3)詞尾為的ll去掉一個l加t
    spell/spelt/speltsmell/smelt/smeltspill/spilt/spilt
    (4)過去式和過去分詞以aught或ought結(jié)尾
    catch/caught/caughtteach/taught/taughtbring/brought/brought
    buy/bought/boughtthink/thought/thought
    (5)將stand改為stood
    stand/stood/stoodunderstand/understood/understood
    (6)將ay改為aid
    lay/laid/laidpay/paid/paidsay/said/said
    (7)將d改為t
    lend/lent/lentsend/sent/sent
    spend/spent/spentbuild/built/built
    (8)將i改為a,o,u等
    sit/sat/satspit/spat/spat
    dig/dug/dugwin/won/won
    (9)將ell改為old
    tell/told/toldsell/sold/sold
    (10)詞尾加t
    learn/learnt/learntmean/meant/meant
    dream/dreamt/dreamtspoil/spoilt/spoilt
    (11)有兩種過去式和過去分詞,一種是不規(guī)則的,一種是規(guī)則的:
    learn/learnt/learntlearn/learned/learned
    shine/shone/shoneshine/shined/shined
    hang/hung/hunghang/hanged/hanged
    smell/smelt/smeltsmell/smelled/smelled
    burn/burnt/burntburn/burned/burned
    light/lii/litlight/lighted/lighted
    (12)其它
    have(has)/had/hadhear/heard/heard
    shoot/shot/shotlose/lost/lost
    hold/held/heldget/got/got(AmEgotten)
    find/found/foundmake/made/made
    leave/left/left
    五、三者均不同:
    (1)過去式以ew結(jié)尾、過去分詞以own結(jié)尾
    blow/blew/blownfly/flew/flown
    grow/grew/grownknow/knew/known
    throw/threw/thrown
    值得注意的是:
    show/showed/shown或showeddraw/drew/drawn
    (2)改i為a變成過去式、改i為u變成過去分詞
    begin/began/begundrink/drank/drunk
    ring/rang/rungsing/sang/sung
    swim/swam/swumsink/sank/sunk
    (3)改i為o變成過去式,過去分詞以n結(jié)尾
    drive/drove/drivenwrite/wrote/written
    rise/rose/risenride/rode/ridden
    (4)原形后加n變成過去分詞
    drive/drove/drivenrise/rose/riseneat/ate/eaten
    give/gave/givenfall/fell/fallen
    (5)過去式后加n變成過去分詞
    break/broke/brokenchoose/chose/chosen
    freeze/froze/frozenmistake/mistook/mistaken
    steal/stole/stolenspeak/spoke/spoken
    take/took/takenwake/woke/woken(或woke)
    (6)其它
    be/was或were/beendo/did/doneforget/forgot/forgotten
    go/went/gonehide/hid/hiddensee/saw/seen
    wear/wore/worn
    六、有兩種過去式和過去分詞,但詞義相同。
    wake/woke/woken(或woke)wake/waked/waked
    sink/sank/sunksink/sunk/sunken
    七、動詞因其過去式、過去分詞有兩種形式而產(chǎn)生不同詞義:
    shine、hang的兩種過去式和過去分詞:
    shone/shone照耀shined/shined擦亮
    hung/hung懸掛hanged/hanged絞死
    八、兩個既可以做過去式,又可以做動詞原形的詞
    lie躺臥lay/lain/lying(現(xiàn)在分詞)
    lay放,下蛋l(fā)aid/laid/laying
    find找到、發(fā)現(xiàn)find/found/found
    found創(chuàng)建,成立found/founded/founded
    九、根據(jù)動詞之間的詞義聯(lián)系來記憶
    (一)詞義相對:
    (1)come/came/come來——go/went/gone去
    (2)give/gave/given給——get/got/got(AmEgotten)獲得
    (3)sleep/slept/slept睡覺—wake/woke/woken(或woke)
    或wake/waked/waked醒來
    (4)rise/rose/risen上升、上漲、升起——fall/fell/fallen下降、落下、倒下
    sink/sank/sunksink/sunk/sunken沉下,(使)下沉
    (5)buy/bought/bought買——sell/sold/sold出售,賣
    (6)take/took/taken帶去——bring/brought/brought帶來
    (7)teach/taught/taught教——learn/learnt/learnt
    或learn/learned/learned學(xué)習(xí)、學(xué)會
    (8)lose/lost/lost丟失、失敗——find/found/found找到
    win/won/won贏得、(獲)勝
    (9)stand/stood/stood站、立——sit/sat/sat坐
    (10)send/sent/sent送、寄、發(fā)送——get/got/got獲得、收到
    (二)詞義相近:
    (1)beat/beat/beaten打,打敗win/won/won贏得、獲勝
    (2)understand/understood/understood懂,了解
    know/knew/known知道,了解,認(rèn)識
    (3)get/got/got(AmEgotten)變成、成為、變得
    become/became/become變成,成為,變得
    go/went/gone變成turn/turned/turned變成
    (4)spend/spent/spent花費、度過
    pay/paid/paid支付、交納
    cost/cost/cost花費、價值為
    take/took/taken花費
    (5)say/said/said說、講
    speak/spoke/spoken說、演講
    tell/told/told告訴、說、吩咐、斷定
    talk/talked/talked談話,講,談?wù)?議論
    ★記憶法三:
    1.無變化,過去式與原形相同。
    let→let,put→put,hit→hit,must→must,set→set,beat→beat,cast→cast,cost→cost,cut→cut,hurt→hurt,read→red,shut→shut
    (shed→shedsplit→splitspread→spreadburst→burst)
    2.元音字母的變化。
    i→a:begin→began,drink→drank,ring→rang,sing→sang,swim→swam,give→gave,sit→sat,sink→sank
    i→o:drive→drove,ride→rode,shine→shone,write→wrote,rise→rose,win→won,
    (strive→strovearise→arose)
    i→ou:find→found(wind→wound,bind→bound,grind→ground)
    a→oo:take→took,shake→shook
    e→o:get→got,forget→forgot
    o→a:come→came,become→became
    oo→o:shoot→shot,choose→chose
    3.元音字母組合的變化。
    aw/ow/y→ew:draw→drew,blow→blew,grow→grew,know→knew,throw→threw,fly→flew
    4.元音字母和輔音字母都有變化。
    (1)sell→sold,tell→told,retell→retold
    (2)say→said,pay→paid,lay→laid,relay→relaid
    (3)sweep→swept,keep→kept,sleep→slept,creep→crept
    (4)bring→brought,buy→bought,think→thought,fight→fought
    (5)catch→caught,teach→taught
    (6)can→could,will→would,shall→should
    5.輔音字母變化。
    (1)build→built,send→sent,bend→bent,lend→lent,rend→rent,spend→spent
    (2)make→made,have→had,hear→heard
    (3)mean→meant,learn→learnt
    記住以上內(nèi)容,英語不提升就怪了!一定要堅持呀!