2007年高考英語(yǔ)考試大綱的說(shuō)明》明確指出考生應(yīng)在45分鐘左右的時(shí)間里完成5篇體裁、題材不同的閱讀材料。平時(shí)教師在指導(dǎo)學(xué)生做閱讀理解時(shí)總是強(qiáng)調(diào)讓學(xué)生“回歸原文”找答案，不要自己主觀判斷。在學(xué)生平時(shí)練習(xí)的錯(cuò)誤中，我們看到學(xué)生并非全篇都讀不懂，在很多情況下，學(xué)生也知道問(wèn)題問(wèn)的是什么，也判斷對(duì)了答案的范圍在哪幾行，甚至哪一句，但就是看不明白相關(guān)的那句話(huà)，最終，關(guān)鍵句子的理解錯(cuò)誤導(dǎo)致做題失誤，究其原因，主要是在知識(shí)上存在兩種障礙。
-不會(huì)分析長(zhǎng)句結(jié)構(gòu)，看不懂句意
近幾年的閱讀理解篇章中出現(xiàn)了很多長(zhǎng)句，包括各種復(fù)合句、省略句、插入語(yǔ)等等，如果學(xué)生僅僅按單詞的順序讀，那么在駕馭長(zhǎng)句、難句的理解上一定會(huì)有困難。建議大家采取“去除修飾成分，留下句子主干”的辦法。如：
1.(2005遼寧，C篇)Free Video Magazine sent every four weeks(up to 13 times a year)，with our Director's Selection--plus many lower-priced cassettes，down to $14.95. And you may receive Special Selection mailings up to four times a year(a total of up to 17 buying opportunities per year).
每四周免費(fèi)的影像雜志派送一次(每年有13次之多)，附帶《編者精選》，連同許多14.95美元的低價(jià)卡帶。而且您還可以收到每年四次寄送的《特別精選》。(每年有多達(dá)17次的購(gòu)買(mǎi)機(jī)會(huì))。這句話(huà)雖然長(zhǎng)，但是主要結(jié)構(gòu)是：Free Video Magazine sent with sth，plus sth，其他多是狀語(yǔ)成分。
2.(2001北京春，B篇)Scientists have also found marks on hominids'teeth with patterns very similar to those on the teeth of modern day fruit eaters.科學(xué)家也發(fā)現(xiàn)了Hominids原始人類(lèi)牙齒上的斑痕和現(xiàn)代吃水果人的(斑痕)相似。
3.(2006全國(guó)I，C篇)To use the same method would be self-defeating because it might reduce motivation，especially if it has failed in the past.使用一成不變的學(xué)習(xí)方法可能會(huì)弄巧成拙，減少學(xué)生的動(dòng)力，尤其是這些方法過(guò)去失敗過(guò)。此句的主要結(jié)構(gòu)是To do sth is self-defeating.后面的because引導(dǎo)的從句和especially短語(yǔ)都是狀語(yǔ)。
4.(2006北京，D篇)While parents，particularly mothers，have always been attached to their infants(嬰兒)，societal conditions frequently made this attachment difficult to maintain(保持).雖然父母，尤其是母親總是對(duì)嬰兒懷有依戀，然而社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)條件卻使這種依戀越來(lái)越難以保持。主句的主要結(jié)構(gòu)：conditions made this attachment difficult to maintain。從句中的while引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“盡管，雖然”。
5.(2006天津，E篇)But the internal state which remains unchanged over a period of time，and which makes the individual behave regularly in a variety of situations，is what is meant by an attitude.
態(tài)度的意義就在于：這種內(nèi)在的狀態(tài)在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)保持不變，而且能夠使個(gè)人在各種情景中都行為正常。這個(gè)長(zhǎng)句含定語(yǔ)從句，去除定語(yǔ)從句剩下的就是主要結(jié)構(gòu)了，即The internal state is what is meant by an attitude.
-不會(huì)分析長(zhǎng)句結(jié)構(gòu)，看不懂句意
近幾年的閱讀理解篇章中出現(xiàn)了很多長(zhǎng)句，包括各種復(fù)合句、省略句、插入語(yǔ)等等，如果學(xué)生僅僅按單詞的順序讀，那么在駕馭長(zhǎng)句、難句的理解上一定會(huì)有困難。建議大家采取“去除修飾成分，留下句子主干”的辦法。如：
1.(2005遼寧，C篇)Free Video Magazine sent every four weeks(up to 13 times a year)，with our Director's Selection--plus many lower-priced cassettes，down to $14.95. And you may receive Special Selection mailings up to four times a year(a total of up to 17 buying opportunities per year).
每四周免費(fèi)的影像雜志派送一次(每年有13次之多)，附帶《編者精選》，連同許多14.95美元的低價(jià)卡帶。而且您還可以收到每年四次寄送的《特別精選》。(每年有多達(dá)17次的購(gòu)買(mǎi)機(jī)會(huì))。這句話(huà)雖然長(zhǎng)，但是主要結(jié)構(gòu)是：Free Video Magazine sent with sth，plus sth，其他多是狀語(yǔ)成分。
2.(2001北京春，B篇)Scientists have also found marks on hominids'teeth with patterns very similar to those on the teeth of modern day fruit eaters.科學(xué)家也發(fā)現(xiàn)了Hominids原始人類(lèi)牙齒上的斑痕和現(xiàn)代吃水果人的(斑痕)相似。
3.(2006全國(guó)I，C篇)To use the same method would be self-defeating because it might reduce motivation，especially if it has failed in the past.使用一成不變的學(xué)習(xí)方法可能會(huì)弄巧成拙，減少學(xué)生的動(dòng)力，尤其是這些方法過(guò)去失敗過(guò)。此句的主要結(jié)構(gòu)是To do sth is self-defeating.后面的because引導(dǎo)的從句和especially短語(yǔ)都是狀語(yǔ)。
4.(2006北京，D篇)While parents，particularly mothers，have always been attached to their infants(嬰兒)，societal conditions frequently made this attachment difficult to maintain(保持).雖然父母，尤其是母親總是對(duì)嬰兒懷有依戀，然而社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)條件卻使這種依戀越來(lái)越難以保持。主句的主要結(jié)構(gòu)：conditions made this attachment difficult to maintain。從句中的while引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“盡管，雖然”。
5.(2006天津，E篇)But the internal state which remains unchanged over a period of time，and which makes the individual behave regularly in a variety of situations，is what is meant by an attitude.
態(tài)度的意義就在于：這種內(nèi)在的狀態(tài)在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)保持不變，而且能夠使個(gè)人在各種情景中都行為正常。這個(gè)長(zhǎng)句含定語(yǔ)從句，去除定語(yǔ)從句剩下的就是主要結(jié)構(gòu)了，即The internal state is what is meant by an attitude.