Translation Conclusion
Unit 1 stories
1. He was thirty-six, his youth had passed like a screaming eagle, leaving him old and disillusioned.
他已三十六歲,青春像一路鳴叫的鷹,早已一閃而逝, 留給他的是衰老和幻滅.
2. average height 普通高度 3. gleaming eyes 兩眼閃著光輝
4. in his middle twenties 大概是二十五六歲的年齡
5. ignoring the chair offered him, Chu The stood squarely before this youth more than ten years his junior and in a level voice told him who he was, what he had done in the past, how he had fled from Yunnan, talked with Sun Yat-sen, been repulsed by Chen Tu-hsiu in Shanghai, and had come to Europe to find a new way of life for himself and a new revolutionary road for China.
朱德顧不得拉過(guò)來(lái)的椅子,端端正正地站在這個(gè)比他年輕十歲的青年面前,用平穩(wěn)的語(yǔ)調(diào), 說(shuō)明自己的身份和經(jīng)歷: 他怎樣逃出云南, 怎樣會(huì)見(jiàn)孫中山, 怎樣在上海被陳獨(dú)秀拒絕, 怎樣為了尋求自己的新的生活方式和中國(guó)的新的革命道路而來(lái)到歐洲.
6. When both visitors had told their stories, Chou smiled a little, said he would help them find rooms, and arrange for them to join the Berlin Communist group as candidates until their application had been sent to China and an answer received.
兩位來(lái)客把經(jīng)歷說(shuō)完后,周恩來(lái)微笑著說(shuō),他可以幫他們找到住的地方,替他們辦理加入黨在柏林的支部的手續(xù), 在入黨申請(qǐng)書(shū)寄往中國(guó)而尚未批準(zhǔn)之前,暫時(shí)作候補(bǔ)黨員.
7. Chinese Communist Party
中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨
8. 兩條要求, 忠實(shí)------內(nèi)容, 通順-------語(yǔ)言
9. Several times on his trips to China, which he made as a guest of the Chinese Government, Bill's birthday occurred while he was in Beijing.
以中國(guó)官方客人的身份, 比爾來(lái)訪中國(guó)已多次了, 而且在北京停留期間恰適他生日也有好幾次了.
10. ‘ This is for you,' Bill Morrow heard on many occasions he would never forget----such as when he was taken a boat down the Grand Canal and every boat that passed sounded its siren in salutation. Or when he shown over the great Nanjing bridge, built where the ferries used to carry trains across the Changjiang River. He was given a chair and asked to wait a little as darkness came on, then suddenly the whole bridge was outlined in lights.
“這是為你安排的.” 這句話比爾.莫諾聽(tīng)到過(guò)好幾次, 每一次都令他難以忘懷. 有一次, 他沿大運(yùn)河乘船順?biāo)?途經(jīng)的每艘船都鳴笛致敬. 還有一次, 他參觀雄偉的南京長(zhǎng)江大橋------以前沒(méi)橋時(shí), 要靠輪渡托載火車(chē)橫渡長(zhǎng)江. 夜幕漸漸降臨了, 他被安排坐下,并被告知稍坐等候, 然后突然間, 整個(gè)橋身被燈光勾畫(huà)出了一個(gè)清晰的輪廊.
11. The most important day I remember in all my life is the one on which my teacher, Anne Mansfield Sulliven, came to me. I am filled with wonder when I consider the immeasurable contrast between the two lives which it connects.
在我的記憶里, 安妮.曼斯匪爾德.沙利文教師來(lái)的那一天,是我一生中最重要的日子. 從這一天開(kāi)始, 我的生活與以前迥然不同, 一想到這一點(diǎn), 我就感到非常興奮.
12. On the afternoon of that eventful day, I stood on the porch, dumb, expectant.
那天下午,我一聲不響, 懷著期待的心情站在門(mén)廊里.
13. Have you been at sea in a dense fog, when it seemed as if a tangible white darkness shut you in ,and the great ship, tense and anxious, groped her way toward the shore with plummet and sounding-line and you waited with beating heart for something to happen? I was like that ship before my education began, only I was without compass or sounding-line, and had no way of knowing how near the harbour was. “ light! Give me light!” was the wordless cry of my soul, and the light of love shone on me in that very hour.
不知你是否有過(guò)這樣的經(jīng)歷---在海上航行遇上了大霧,周?chē)黄?好像著實(shí)把你關(guān)在一個(gè)黑暗的地方,大船上的人又緊張又著急, 一面用鉛錘探測(cè)深淺,一面向岸邊慢慢駛?cè)? 你的心也怦怦直跳,生怕出事. 我在開(kāi)始受教育之前, 就像這樣一條船, 只是沒(méi)有羅盤(pán), 沒(méi)有測(cè)探繩, 也無(wú)法知道離海港有多遠(yuǎn). “光明!給我光明!” 這就是發(fā)自我內(nèi)心深處的無(wú)言的呼喚, 也就在這時(shí)候, 愛(ài)心的光芒照到了我的身上.
14. Someone took it, and I was caught up and held close in the arms of her who had come to reveal all things to me, and, more than all things else, to love me.
有個(gè)人握住了我的手, 于是我被抱了起來(lái), 緊緊地抈在了她的懷里. 正是她來(lái)到我的身邊, 將一切展切在我面前, 更重要的是, 是她將愛(ài)帶給了我.
15. monkey-like imitation.
猴子模仿似的
16. In the days that followed, I learned to spell in this uncomprehending way a great many words, among them pin, hat, cup and a few verbs like sit, stand and walk.
接下來(lái)的幾天里, 我在根本不知自己在做什么樣情況下,學(xué)會(huì)了拼好些單詞, 比如PIN, HAT, CUP 及一些動(dòng)詞, 如SIT, STAND AND WALK.
17. That was because I saw everything with the strange, new sight that had come to me. On entering the door I remembered the doll I had broken. I felt my way to hearth and picked up the pieces, I tried vainly to put them together.
那是因?yàn)槲艺靡环N剛剛獲得的全新而奇特的視角來(lái)看待一切事物. 進(jìn)屋時(shí),我想起了被我弄壞的那個(gè)娃娃. 我摸索著來(lái)到壁爐前, 拾起那些碎片, 試圖將它們拼接在一起, 卻沒(méi)辦到.
18. it would have been difficult to find a happier child than I was as I lay in my crib at the close of that eventful day and lived over the joys it had brought me, and for the first time longed for a new day to come.
當(dāng)那感概萬(wàn)千的一天快要結(jié)束時(shí), 我躺在自己的小床里, 感受這一天帶給我的那些快樂(lè), 我覺(jué)得沒(méi)有人比我更幸福了. 一生中第一次,我期待著新一天的來(lái)臨.
19. 一切舊的傳統(tǒng)觀念, 一切阻止社會(huì)進(jìn)步和人性發(fā)展的不合理的制度.
All outmoded traditional thinking; any irrational system which obstructs social progress or human development.
20. 我覺(jué)得有一根鞭子在抽打我的心, 又覺(jué)得仿佛有什么鬼魂借我的筆為自己伸冤一樣.
I felt as if my mind was being whipped, as if a ghost had commandeered my pen and was writing to redress the injustices it had suffered.
21.另一個(gè)地方
On another occasion.
22. 長(zhǎng)得好看的人用不著濃妝艷抹, 而我的文章就像一個(gè)丑八怪, 不打扮, 看起來(lái)倒還順眼些.
Physically attractive people don't need heavy make-up. Though my writing resembles an ugly monster, it actually looks a little better without any embellishment.
22. 我最恨那些盜名欺世, 欺騙讀者的謊言。
This means I oppose fabrication, deception and flowery language. What I hate most are those glory-seeking writers who deceive the public with their lies.
23. 就學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)而言，有三個(gè)方面值得注意：拼法正確，合乎用法---一個(gè)詞怎么用，和哪個(gè)詞連用，很有講究。句子平穩(wěn)—合乎語(yǔ)法。
Unit2 HISTORY
1. The country was a place where men worked from dawn to dark, and the labourer lived not in the sun, but in poverty and darkness. What aids there were to lighten labour were immemorial, like the mill, which was already ancient in Chaucer's time. The industrial Revolution began with such machines; the millwrights were the engineers of the coming age. James Brindley of Staffordashire started his self-made career in 1733 by working at mill wheels, at the age of seventeen, having been born poor in a village.
在農(nóng)村，人們從早到晚都得干活，勞動(dòng)者并不是沐浴在陽(yáng)光下，而在生活在貧困和黑暗之中，那么幫助減輕勞動(dòng)的機(jī)械都不知從哪個(gè)年代就有了。比如磨坊，在喬叟的時(shí)候就已經(jīng)是古老的了。而工業(yè)革命就是從這些機(jī)械開(kāi)始的。修造磨坊的匠人就是開(kāi)創(chuàng)新時(shí)代的工程師。斯塔?？さ恼材匪?。布林斯雷，出身于一個(gè)貧苦的農(nóng)村家庭；一七三三年，他十七歲，就著手改良磨坊的車(chē)輪，從而開(kāi)始了他那自我?jiàn)^斗的生涯。
2. in the air
醞釀之中
3.multi-purpose machine
多功能機(jī)器
4. Brindley had begun on his own account, out of interest, to survey the waterways that he traveled as he went about his engineering projects for mills and mines.
布林斯雷在為他的磨坊和礦井建筑工程到處奔走的時(shí)候，出于自愿和興趣，對(duì)沿途經(jīng)過(guò)的河道進(jìn)行了勘察。
5. they often had little education, and in fact school education as it then was could only dull an inventive mind.
他們一般都沒(méi)有受過(guò)什么教育。事實(shí)上，當(dāng)時(shí)那種學(xué)校教育也只能窒息人的創(chuàng)造性。
6. arteries of communication
交通的動(dòng)脈
7. these things had been manufactured in villages which were growing into towns now, away from London; it was a country-wide trade.
這些物品都是在遠(yuǎn)離倫敦漸漸發(fā)展成為城鎮(zhèn)的農(nóng)村制造的。這是一場(chǎng)全國(guó)范圍的貿(mào)易。
8．要從詞匯，短語(yǔ)和結(jié)構(gòu)三個(gè)方面去弄懂原文，但是光這樣做還是不夠的，還必須把握全篇。
9. It is not alone: it forms one of a triad of revolutions, of which the other two were the American Revolution that started in 1775, and the French Revolution that started in 1789. It may seem strange to put into the same pocket an industrial revolution and two political revolutions.
工業(yè)革命不是孤立的，它是當(dāng)時(shí)三*之一，另外兩次是美國(guó)革命和法國(guó)革命，分別始于1775年和1789年。將一次工業(yè)革命和兩次政治革命相提并論，似乎有些奇。
10. cottage industry
作坊似的
11.what makes the Industrial Revolution so peculiarly English is that it is rooted in the countryside.
工業(yè)革命特別具有英國(guó)特色是因?yàn)樗哺谵r(nóng)村
12. During the first half of the eighteenth century, in the old age of Newton and the decline of the Royal Society, England basked in a last Indian summer of village industry and the overseas trade of merchant adventures.
18世紀(jì)上半期，也就是牛頓的晚年，皇家學(xué)會(huì)逐漸衰敗的年代，英國(guó)仍享受著農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)和商業(yè)冒險(xiǎn)家從事的海外貿(mào)易帶來(lái)的最后歡娛。
13. Eventually, though a few communities continued to be devoted almost exclusively to mining, the real wealth of Montana, Colorado, Wyoming, Idaho, and California proved to be in the grass of soil.
后業(yè)雖然少數(shù)城鎮(zhèn)專(zhuān)門(mén)從事采礦業(yè)，但蒙大拿，科羅拉多，懷俄明，愛(ài)達(dá)荷等州的真正財(cái)富，也和加州一樣，還是在草原和沃土之中。
14. readability, 讀起來(lái)上口，順。所謂翻譯，是翻譯意思，而不是翻譯詞句。只要抓住了意思，譯文在詞句上可以有一定的靈活性。
15. Despite the great gains in industry, agriculture remained the nation's basic occupations. The revolution in agriculture----paralleling that in manufacturing after the war involved a shift from hand labor to machine farming, and from subsistence to commercial agriculture. Between 1686 and 1910, the number of farms in the United States trebled, increasing from 2 million to 6 million while the area farmed more than doubled from 160 million to 352 million hectares.
盡管工業(yè)的收益很大，農(nóng)業(yè)仍是國(guó)民的基礎(chǔ)產(chǎn)業(yè)。農(nóng)業(yè)革命----和戰(zhàn)后的制造業(yè)革命齊駕齊驅(qū)，使手工業(yè)勞作變?yōu)闄C(jī)械耕種，使維持生計(jì)的農(nóng)業(yè)變?yōu)樯虡I(yè)化的農(nóng)業(yè)。從1860年至1910年間，美國(guó)農(nóng)場(chǎng)的數(shù)量翻了三番，從2000000個(gè)增至6000000個(gè)，耕種的面積也從1。6公頃增至3。52公頃，增長(zhǎng)了一倍多。
16. In 1840, Cyrus McCormick performed a miracle by cutting from two to two-and-a-half hectares a day with the curious machine he had been developing for nearly 10 years.
到了1840年，塞路斯，麥克米克創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)奇跡，用他歷經(jīng)近十年研制的神奇機(jī)器，一天可割麥2---2。5公頃。
17. In 1862, the Morrill Land-Grant College Act
1862年，政府頒布的有關(guān)贈(zèng)地建校的“莫里爾公地興學(xué)法案”
18. industrial colleges, appropriated fund, were at work.
農(nóng)業(yè)院校， 下?lián)芸铐?xiàng)， 展開(kāi)了科研活動(dòng)。
19. 五四運(yùn)動(dòng)是反帝國(guó)主義的運(yùn)動(dòng),又是反封建的運(yùn)動(dòng). 五四運(yùn)動(dòng)的杰出的歷史意思,在于它帶著為辛亥革命還不曾有的姿態(tài), 這就是徹底地不妥協(xié)地反帝國(guó)主義和徹底地不妥協(xié)地反封建主義.
The May 4th Movement was an anti-imperialist as well as an anti-feudal movement. Its outstanding historical significance is to be seen in a feature which was absent from the Revolution of 1911, namely, its thorough and uncompromising opposition to imperialism as well as to feudalism.
20. 五四運(yùn)動(dòng)所進(jìn)行的文化革命則是徹底地反對(duì)封建文化的運(yùn)動(dòng),自有中國(guó)歷史以來(lái),還沒(méi)有過(guò)這樣偉大而徹底的文化革命.
May 4th Movement was uncompromising in its opposition to feudal culture; there had never been such a great and thoroughgoing cultural revolution since the dawn of Chinese history.
21. 五四運(yùn)動(dòng)是在思想上和干部上準(zhǔn)備了一九二一年中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨的成立,又準(zhǔn)備了五?運(yùn)動(dòng)和北伐戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng).
Both in ideology and in the matter of cadres, the May 4th Movement paved the way for the founding of the Chinese Communist Party in 1921 and for the May 30th Movement in 1925 and the Northern Expedition.
22. 上海,唐山,長(zhǎng)辛店等地工人紛紛罷工*, 中國(guó)工人階級(jí)第一次作為覺(jué)悟了的獨(dú)立的政治力量登上政治舞臺(tái),顯示了它的偉大力量.
Workers in Shanghai, Tanghsna, Changxindian and etc, went on strike to express their disapproval. As an awakened, independent, political strength, Chinese working class stepped on the political stage for the first time and illuminated its tremendous power.
23. 在全國(guó)人民反帝愛(ài)國(guó)斗爭(zhēng)的壓力下, 北洋軍閥政府被迫釋放被捕學(xué)生,撤銷(xiāo)三個(gè)賣(mài)國(guó)?的職務(wù),拒絕在對(duì)德”和約”上簽字,反帝反封建斗爭(zhēng)取得了初步勝利.
Under the pressure of a nationwide patriotic struggle against imperialism, the Northern Warlord government had to release those arrested students, remove the 3 traitors from their posts and refuse to sign on the Peace Treaty with Germany. The struggle against imperialism and feudalism has achieved a foundemental victory.
24. 五四運(yùn)動(dòng)是一次徹底的不妥協(xié)的反帝反封建的革命運(yùn)動(dòng), 它促成了中國(guó)工人運(yùn)動(dòng)同馬克思主義的結(jié)合, 在思想上和干部上為中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨的成立作了準(zhǔn)備, 是中國(guó)新民主主義革命的開(kāi)端.
May 4th Movement is a revolutionary movement with a thorough and uncompromising opposition to imperialism and feudalism. It prompted the combination of Chinese workers' movement and Marxism and, both in ideology and in the matter cadres, paved the way for the founding of Chinese Communist Party. It was the beginning of the Chinese New Democratic Revolution.
25. Scarcely less important than machinery in the agricultural revolution was science. In 1862, the Morrill Land-Grant College Act allotted public land to each state for the establishment of agricultural and industrial colleges.
在農(nóng)業(yè)革命中與機(jī)械幾乎同等重要的是科學(xué).1862年,根據(jù)”莫里爾公地興法案”, 國(guó)會(huì)把公用地分配給各州,以便建立農(nóng)業(yè)和工業(yè)學(xué)院.
26. the revolution in agriculture---paralleling that in manufacturing after the war involved a shift from hand labor to machine farming, and from subsistence to commercial agriculture.
農(nóng)業(yè)的革命----和戰(zhàn)后制造業(yè)的革命并駕齊驅(qū)----使手工業(yè)勞動(dòng)變?yōu)闄C(jī)械耕作,從維持生計(jì)的農(nóng)業(yè)變成為商業(yè)化的農(nóng)業(yè).
UNIT 3 GEOGRAPHY
1. All this suggested ancient harmonies.
這一切使人感到古代的和諧氣氛.
2. The devastating floods and droughts that imposed a recurrent tax of suffering on the fellahin no longer occur.
過(guò)去給農(nóng)民帶來(lái)災(zāi)難的水旱災(zāi)害,現(xiàn)在也不再發(fā)生了.
3. About six years ago it became an island. Day by day the sea is eating the land----the dam has stopped the sediment of the Nile from replenishing the shoreline.
大約六年前, 那地方變成了一個(gè)小島.海水一天天沖刷陸地----水壩已經(jīng)使得尼羅河的泥沙無(wú)法沉積下來(lái)加固海岸了.
4. 舊的教學(xué)法只管三件事,識(shí)漢字, 讀漢字讀物, 寫(xiě)漢字作文. 冰心在<北京晚報(bào)>發(fā)表過(guò)一篇文章:”漫談賞花和玩貓”.
5.Tombs and temples of ancient Egypt follow the Nile well into Sudan. Driving southward from Cairo into the valley, I entered a landscape that owed little to the present era. For the next 1800 miles the thin blue ribbon of the Nile, flowing slowly north, unwound over brown soil and green fields, some only a few yards wide, others as broad as an Iowa cornfield. At the edge of the fields, rising in dramatic hills or stretching flat to the horizon, lay the brown barren deserts.
古埃及的墳?zāi)?廟宇遍布尼羅河兩岸,一直沿至蘇丹.駕車(chē)從開(kāi)羅往南行至尼羅河谷,映入眼簾的是一番與現(xiàn)代截然不同的景色.藍(lán)色玉帶般的尼羅河綿延1800英里,在棕色的土地和綠色的田野間緩緩向北流去.田地有的僅幾碼寬,有的則如依阿華州的玉米地那么寬.田野的外邊緣處是寸草不生的棕色沙漠,有的地方如小山般高高聳起,有的則平平的一直延展至天際.
6. I had the illusion that I was driving through one immensely long, narrow farm.
我感到自己宛若駕車(chē)穿越一個(gè)毫無(wú)盡頭的狹長(zhǎng)農(nóng)場(chǎng).
7. the road followed the course of the Nile, now passing through the fields, now drawing a black line separating them from the desert.
公路是順著尼羅河修筑的,所以時(shí)而從田間穿過(guò),時(shí)而如一條黑色的分界線將田地與沙漠隔開(kāi).
8. as the flood receded, the water draining through the soil leached out the salts and carried them off to the Mediterranean.
洪水退去時(shí), 下滲土壤的水會(huì)沖走土里的鹽分,并最終把鹽帶入地中海.
9. it enjoys a Mediterranean climate.
屬地中海氣候
10. The fertility of the surrounding plains, easy access to the Murray lowlands to the east and southeast, and the presence of mineral deposits in the nearby hills all contributed to the city's growth.
四周平原土壤肥沃,與東和東南方的墨累低地相通.附近山區(qū)有礦藏. 原為早期農(nóng)貿(mào)中心, 現(xiàn)已工業(yè)化.
11. The Adelaide Festival of Arts was the first international celebration of its kind to be held in Australia.
阿德萊德文藝節(jié)每?jī)赡昱e行一次,是在澳大利亞舉辦的第一個(gè)國(guó)際性文藝活動(dòng).
12. Adelaide, the capital of South Australia, is one of Australia's best-planned cities.
南澳大利亞的首府,阿德萊德, 是澳大利亞布局最精巧的城市之一.
13. Belts of parklands line three sides of the area and four large open squares of lawns and trees break the regularity of the city buildings. North Adelaide, which is chiefly residential, is bordered by more parklands, and contains two open squares. N and S Adelaide are divided by the Torrens River, spanned by four bridge and lined with ornamental gradens.
帶狀綠地從三面環(huán)繞,區(qū)內(nèi)的四塊空地上有草坪也有樹(shù)木,打破了市內(nèi)建筑物的單調(diào)格局.北部主要是居民區(qū),其周?chē)灿泄珗@環(huán)繞.另外還有兩個(gè)大廣場(chǎng).南北阿德萊德的分界是特化斯河,河面上建有四座橋,兩岸則有花園點(diǎn)綴.
14. The city contains many fine examples of early Australian architecture, including the town hall on King Wiiliam Street---the wide main N-S thoroughfare.
阿德萊德?lián)碛性S多早期澳式建筑的典范,比如貫通南北的主干道路----余威廉大街上的市政大廳.
15. jets of water, aluminium sculptures, draws its water.
噴水孔,鋁質(zhì)雕塑.供水之源
16. Parklands, which separate the city and the suburbs, are preserved in the perpetuity for the use of the people.
分隔市區(qū)與郊區(qū)的綠地永遠(yuǎn)留作人們活動(dòng)的場(chǎng)所.
17. The Imperial Palace
18. Of particular interest if you have time might be the Imperial Ancestral Temple, which is to the right, and the Sun Yat-Sen Park, on the left.
19. Covering an area of 175 acres, the Palace is enclosed by walls over 35ft high and surrounded by a moat 57yd wide.
20. the Palace Museum, with four gates, has its main entrance to the south, known as the Meridian Gate. This is the gate you will approach as you continue along the cobbled roadway from Tian An Men. The Imperial Palace is divided into two ceremonial areas: the Outer Palace and the Inner Court. Through the Meridian Gate and across the Golden Water Bridge, one comes to the Gate of Supreme Harmony, the main gate of the Outer Palace. The main building in the Outer Palace are the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the Hall of Preserving Harmony.
21. The Hall of Supreme Harmony, the Meridian Gate, the Outer Palace, the Inner Court, the Golden Water Bridge, the Gate of Supreme Harmony, the Hall of Complete Harmony, the Hall of Preserving Harmony.
太和殿, 午門(mén), 外朝, 內(nèi)延, 金水橋, 太和門(mén), 中和殿, 保和殿
22.總面積共有68.2公頃, 燕京八景之一, 五龍亭, 九龍壁, 御花園, 白塔, 燕京, 琉璃瓦, 影壁
With a total area of 68.2 ha. One of the eight views of Beijing. The Five Dragon Pavilion. Nine-Dragon Screen. The Imperial garden. The White Dagoba. Beijing. Glazed tiles. Screen.
UNIT 4 ECONOMY
1. President Clinton realized---as al of us must---- that today's economy is global.
正如每個(gè)人必須認(rèn)識(shí)到的那樣,克林頓總統(tǒng)認(rèn)識(shí)到當(dāng)今的經(jīng)濟(jì)具有全球性質(zhì).
2. 1977, the sum total of Chinese imports and exports was less than $15 billion, putting China's share of world at 0.6 percent. The most populous country in the world, China ranked a distant 30th among exporting nations. By 1993 China's exports and imports totaled nearly $200 billion. China had become the world's tenth largest exporter.
在1977年,中國(guó)進(jìn)出口總額還不到150億美元,僅占世界貿(mào)易總額的0.6%, 世界上人口最多的中國(guó)在出口國(guó)家中排名靠后,僅是第30位,到1993年,中國(guó)進(jìn)出口總額接近2000億美元,它已成為每10個(gè)的出口國(guó).
3. Per capita GNP has grown at an average rate of 7.6% from 1980-1992.
從1980年至1992年,人均國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值平均增長(zhǎng)率為7.6%.
4. But the importance of trade in our economy has exploded in the past three decades. In 1970, the value of two way trade was equal to just 13% of the US economy. Last year, that figure, at 28%, was more than twice as high. In just the last seven years, jobs supported by US exports have risen by 4 million, to a total of 11 million. That's almost one out of ten American jobs. Last year US trade equaled $1.8 trillion dollars.
但在過(guò)去30年中,我們經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易的重要性大大地增加了,在1970年,雙邊貿(mào)易的總值占了整個(gè)美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的13%.去年上升到28%,比1970年增加了一倍多.就在過(guò)去7年中,美國(guó)的出口創(chuàng)造的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)增加了400萬(wàn)個(gè).總數(shù)上升到1100萬(wàn)個(gè).這個(gè)數(shù)字就占美國(guó)就業(yè)總數(shù)的1/10.去年, 美國(guó)貿(mào)易總額達(dá)到了1.8億美元.
5. Nor is the importance of trade likely to diminish for either China or the United States. Foreign exchange.
無(wú)論是中國(guó)還是美國(guó),都不會(huì)縮小貿(mào)易的重要性. 外匯.
6. Bilateral trade, the order of
雙邊貿(mào)易
7. sound foundation for future commercial and financial ties.
為未來(lái)貿(mào)易與金融關(guān)系打下了一個(gè)堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ).
8. China's imports from the US, which amounted to $900 million in 1978, rose to nearly $ 3 billion in 1982. exports rose from $300 million to $ 2.3 billion during that period. Total Chinese trade has also risenj dramatically, from 1978 to 1983 Chinese exports increased from roughly 10 billion to 22 billion, while imports increased from 10 billion to just over 21 billion.
中國(guó)從美國(guó)的進(jìn)口額,從??到由9億美元增至近30億美元,對(duì)美出口額在這期間也從3億美元增至23億美元.中國(guó)的對(duì)外貿(mào)易總額也急速攀升, 中國(guó)的出口額從1978年的約100億美元增至1982年的220億美元,進(jìn)口額與此同時(shí)也從100億美元增長(zhǎng)到了210多個(gè)億美元.
9. joint ventures. Offshore oil exploration
合資企業(yè), 海上石油勘測(cè)
10. there are reasons to be optimistic and to expect that commercial and financial relationships will grow in the future.
我們有理由保持樂(lè)觀的態(tài)度,有理由相信,未來(lái)貿(mào)易與金融關(guān)系會(huì)繼續(xù)發(fā)展.
11. Food production, industrial production. Light industries.
糧食產(chǎn)量, 工業(yè)生產(chǎn), 輕工業(yè)
12. I believe Chinese economic authorities recognize the problem and the next Five-Year Plan will address it effectively.
我相信中國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)管理部門(mén)已認(rèn)識(shí)到這個(gè)問(wèn)題,在下一個(gè)”五年計(jì)劃”中定會(huì)有效地解決這一問(wèn)題.
13. Britain lives by commerce. With 2% of the world's population, we are the world's fifth largest trading nation. We rely more than any other major economy on the goods and services that we export, the investment that we attract and we make abroad.
英國(guó)的生存依賴(lài)貿(mào)易. 雖然英國(guó)人口只占全球的2%, 它卻是世界第五大貿(mào)易國(guó).英國(guó)對(duì)商品和服務(wù)出口以及對(duì)投資和引資的依賴(lài)超過(guò)了世界上其他主要經(jīng)濟(jì)體.
14.outward investor, net income, the share of foreign investment.
海外投資, 凈收入,
15. what this means is that Britain has direct experience of the benefits that international trade and investment generate.
這意味著英國(guó)直接享受到了國(guó)際投資所帶來(lái)的利益., 國(guó)際投資的蓬勃發(fā)展符合我國(guó)利益.
16. that is the way to maximize her share of world markets; and----as the UK knows from direct experience----to attract the stimulus, the technology and the funding that inward investment can offer.
限度地?cái)U(kuò)大其在世界上的市場(chǎng)份額的方法, 英國(guó)從自身直接的經(jīng)歷中體會(huì)到,吸引外資可以帶來(lái)動(dòng)力,技術(shù)和資金.
17. 嚴(yán)復(fù)--<天演論>,信—忠實(shí), 達(dá)—流暢, 雅—爾雅, 他并不十分重視”信”, 他說(shuō)”譯文取明深義,故詞句之間,時(shí)有所顛倒附益,不斤斤于字比句次.” 周煦良教授在”翻譯三論”一文中說(shuō): 我認(rèn)為應(yīng)當(dāng)作為”得體”來(lái)理解.
18. multilateral disciplines. Brought this home. Zero-sum game. Finite stock. Donor and recipient.
多邊條約, 感觸頗深, 盈利損失總體持平, 經(jīng)濟(jì)利益增長(zhǎng)值, 投資方與被投資方
19. 立足國(guó)內(nèi)資源, 實(shí)現(xiàn)糧食基本自給, 是中國(guó)解決糧食供需問(wèn)題的基本方針.
The basic principle for solving the problem of grain supply and demand in China is to reply on the domestic resources and basically achieve self-sufficiency in grain.
20.根據(jù)中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)自然資源,生產(chǎn)條件,技術(shù)水平和其他發(fā)展條件,糧食增產(chǎn)潛力很大.
Natural agricultural resources, production conditions, technical level and some other conditions ensure great potential in this respect.
21.即使考慮到土地報(bào)酬率遞減的因素,也是有條件實(shí)現(xiàn)的.
To achieve the target is totally possible even if the factor of diminishing land returns rate is considered.
22.中國(guó)政府將在加強(qiáng)對(duì)現(xiàn)有耕地保護(hù)的同時(shí),加快宜農(nóng)荒地的開(kāi)發(fā)和工礦廢棄地的復(fù)墾.
The Chinese government will make efforts to speed up the reclamation of wasteland suitable for farming as well as land discarded by factories and mines.
23. inland waters, aquaculture, aquatic products, intensification, animal by-products, arbor foodstuffs.
內(nèi)陸水域,養(yǎng)殖,水產(chǎn)品,集約化,畜產(chǎn)品,木本食物.
UNIT 5 CULTURE
1. it's raining again. As I lie awake in bed, listening to the sound of those razor-sharp drops pounding on the pavement, my mind goes reeling down dark corridors teeming with agonizing flashbacks, and a chill from within fills me with dread. It's raining, again.
又下雨了,我躺在床上,睡不著,聽(tīng)著雨點(diǎn)兒落在路面上啪啪作響.我思緒萬(wàn)千,恍恍惚惚進(jìn)入了一條條幽暗的甬道,回想起許多痛苦的往事.心里一陣冰涼, 不禁感到毛骨悚然.是的,又在下雨了.
2.it does this every year in Southern California; at least that's what they told me last year when I marveled at the relentless determination of the rain.
加利福尼亞南部,年年如此;去年,雨無(wú)情地下個(gè)不停.我表示驚異, 人們就是這樣對(duì)我說(shuō)的.
3. every child raised in the West knows about these dangers. At least that's what I used to think. I'm not so sure anymore.
在西部長(zhǎng)大的孩子都知道洪水的厲害.至少我過(guò)去是這樣想的,現(xiàn)在就不敢說(shuō)的.
4. Habits form, however, and, in a child's mind, most of the time becomes all of the time, and nobody gives it much thought. Then the rains come.
然而孩子們習(xí)以為常,在他們心目中,”大部分時(shí)間”變成了”全部時(shí)間”,而誰(shuí)也沒(méi)有仔細(xì)去想這件事.后來(lái)就下起雨來(lái)了.\
5.在理論方面,魯迅曾針對(duì)當(dāng)時(shí)趙景深的”寧順而不信”的提法,提出了”寧信而不順”的主張. 1935年,魯迅在”題未定'草'”一文中又對(duì)翻譯作了新的概括.他說(shuō):”凡是翻譯,必須兼顧著兩面,一當(dāng)然力求其易解,一則保存著原作的豐姿.”也就是說(shuō),翻譯既要通順,又要忠實(shí).
6. Each day we make choices that affect our lives and, sometimes, the lives of others.
每一天我們都要做出許多選擇,大部分是為自己,有的也為別人.
7. Somehow our path took us toward the park, across the footbridge high above the rolling water of the Los Angeles River.
不知怎的,我們就踏上了通向公園的小路.
8.Many children were playing close to the water, and we were stunned by their ignorance and daring. The far bank.
許多孩子在告近水邊的地方玩耍.他們的無(wú)知與魯莽把我倆看呆了.
9. He jumped into the water to get his bike and was carried rapidly downstream, a look of panic and horror registering on his young face.
他跳進(jìn)河里去撈車(chē).急流一下子就把他給沖走了,他嚇壞了,臉上現(xiàn)出驚恐的表情.剎那間,我們要做出選擇.
10. the greatest instinct, I believe, is to help a child in need.
我想,是本能驅(qū)使我們?nèi)ゾ戎粋€(gè)危難中的孩子.
11. I could see that he had confronted much more than he could handle, even being as strong and athletic as he was.
從艾勒的表情,我知道,盡管他身強(qiáng)力壯,但當(dāng)時(shí)他面臨的困境是他無(wú)法擺脫的.
12. feeling of guilt, as a matter of course. That little was lucky to get out.
內(nèi)疚心理, 理所當(dāng)然, 那孩子命大的話會(huì)脫險(xiǎn)的.
13. Although both my parents died young, I have done well in this respect as regards my other ancestors. My maternal grandfather, it is true, was cut off in the flower of his youth at the age of sixty-seven, but my other three grandparents all lived to be over eighty.
我的父母年紀(jì)輕輕就去世了,可是說(shuō)到祖輩,我還是選得不錯(cuò)的.我外祖父固然是在風(fēng)華正茂之年就棄世了,當(dāng)時(shí)他只有六十七歲,但是我的祖父,祖母和外祖母卻都活到了八十以上.
14. my maternal grandmother, after having nine children who survived, one who died in infancy, and many miscarriages, as soon as she became a widow devoted herself to women's higher education.
我外祖母有九個(gè)孩子活了下來(lái),有一個(gè)孩子很小就死了,她還流產(chǎn)過(guò)多次.丈夫一死,她就致力于女子高等教育.
15. if you have wide and keen interests and activities in which you can still be effective, you will have no reason to think about the merely statistical fact of the number of years you have already lived, still less of the probable brevity of your future.
你要是有廣泛的愛(ài)好和強(qiáng)烈的興趣,而且還有能力參加一些活動(dòng),你就沒(méi)有理由去考慮自己已經(jīng)活了多少歲這樣的具體數(shù)字,更沒(méi)有理由去考慮自己的余年大概是很有限的了.
16. one's thoughts must be directed to the future, and to things about which there is something to be done.
一個(gè)人應(yīng)當(dāng)考慮未來(lái),考慮一些可以有所作為的事情.
17. It is easy to think to oneself that one's emotions used to be more vivid than they are, and one's mind more keen.
人們往往會(huì)對(duì)自己說(shuō),我過(guò)去感情多么豐富,思想多么敏銳,現(xiàn)在不行了.
18. the other thing to be avoided is clinging to youth in the hope of sucking vigour from its vitality.
另一件需要避免的事就是老想和年輕人呆在一起,希望從青年的活力中吸取力量.
19. Animals become indifferent to their young as soon as their young can look after themselves, but human beings, owing to the length of infancy, find this difficult.
動(dòng)物,一旦它們的后代能夠自己照料自己,它們就不管了;但是人,由于撫養(yǎng)子女的時(shí)間長(zhǎng),是難以這樣做的.
20.在我國(guó),從二十年代開(kāi)始從事翻譯工作,從五十年代乃至八十年代還在討論翻譯問(wèn)題的,大概只有兩個(gè)人,一個(gè)是郭沫若,一個(gè)就是茅盾.
21. I think that a successful old age is easiest for those who have strong impersonal interests involving appropriate activities.
我認(rèn)為,如果老年人對(duì)個(gè)人以外的事情懷有強(qiáng)烈的興趣,并參加適當(dāng)?shù)幕顒?dòng),我們的晚年是最容易過(guò)得好的, 他們的晚年才會(huì)是一生收獲的季節(jié).
22.Yong men who have reason to fear that they will be killed in battle may justifiably feel bitter in the thought that they have been cheated of the best things that life has to offer. But in old man who has known human joys and sorrows, and has achieved whatever work it was in him to do ,to fear of death is somewhat object and ignoble.
年青時(shí)有這種想法是可以理解的. 年青人害怕陣亡疆場(chǎng),而且一想到人生最美好的一切就這么被葬送了,恐懼的心情會(huì)更加嚴(yán)重.這種恐懼無(wú)可厚非.但作為老年人,人生的悲歡離合你已都經(jīng)歷過(guò)了,自己要做的事情也都做了,這時(shí)若還恐懼死亡,那就有些讓人瞧不起了.
23. An individual human existence should be like a river--- small at first, narrowly contained within its banks, and rushing passionately past boulders and over waterfalls. Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede, the waters flow more quietly, and in the end , without any visible break, they become merged in the sea, and painlessly lose their individual being.
一個(gè)人的一生應(yīng)像一條河----起初窄窄的,夾在兩岸之中,急速地流動(dòng)闃,沖過(guò)巖石,沖下瀑布,漸漸地,河面變寬了,兩岸變得越來(lái)越遠(yuǎn),河水靜靜地流動(dòng)著,直到最后,再也沒(méi)有什么阻礙了,因?yàn)檫@時(shí),你已融入了大海,毫無(wú)痛苦地結(jié)束了自己?jiǎn)为?dú)存在的那一段歷程.
24. 如今,能為他的這本散文集作序,我覺(jué)得很榮幸.
I find it a great honour to be asked to write a preface to this collection of his essays.
25. <心上的河流>寫(xiě)出了他對(duì)于小河流水的深情,這使我憶起死回我所熱愛(ài)的無(wú)邊的大海.
In “ A River at Heart”, he expressed his deep feelings towards the flowing water of a creek, which reminded me of my own love for the boundless, vast sea.
26.這幾年,我因行動(dòng)不便, 整天過(guò)著”井蛙”的無(wú)聊生活,讀了這游記,絢麗生動(dòng)得如經(jīng)其境,給了我很大的快樂(lè).
In recent years, unable to move about easily, I have been leading a dull life like that of “a frog at the bottom of a well”. Reading his travel notes gave me great pleasure because they are so colourful and vivid that I felt I was actually there.
27.如同舊夢(mèng)重溫一般,我回憶起1936年在倫敦的3個(gè)星期,在晝夜看不到日,月,星三光的濃霧之中,參觀了大英博物館,敏納斯教學(xué)-----訪問(wèn)了一些英國(guó)朋友.
Just like going through old dreams, I remembered the three weeks I had spent in London in 1936. during that time, when the sun, the moon and the stars were hidden behind the thick fog day and night, I visited the British Museum and the Westminster and called on my English friends.
28.因?yàn)樽√庪x羅浮宮很近,我就整個(gè)上午”泡”在羅浮宮里.
As I was very close to the Louvre, I would loiter in the palace the whole morning.
29. 吃過(guò)早餐,就出來(lái)坐在宮門(mén)臺(tái)附上,欣賞宮門(mén)口那一大座花壇,花壇里栽的是紅,黃,白,紫四色分明的盛開(kāi)的郁金色.
After lunch, I would come out and sit on the steps at the entrance of the palace, enjoying the big flower beds near the gate filled with blooming tulips of distinctive red, yellow, white and purple.
30. 意大利是我最喜歡的一個(gè)歐洲國(guó)家.
One of my favourite European countries falls on Italy which is built of stone.
31.佛羅倫薩給我留下的,除了美術(shù)館里的雕像和壁畫(huà)之外,還有一座座府弟墻壁上的燈座,每座燈下都有一只拴馬的鐵環(huán),是聚會(huì)或宴客時(shí)拴馬用的,十分別致.
Things I can remember in Florence are the statues and murals in the Art Gallery as well as the lampstands on the walls of each house. Under each lampstand, there is q unique iron ring used to tie the horses when parties or banquets are held.
UNIT 6 LITERATURES
1. 重神似不重形似”這是在討論翻譯問(wèn)題時(shí)常說(shuō)的一句話. 傅雷—人間喜劇, 約翰.克利斯朵夫, 最難應(yīng)付的是原文中最簡(jiǎn)單最明白而最短.
2.“No, no, no,” replied this individual, who was blond and vigorous and by nature a little irritable and contentious.
“沒(méi)有,沒(méi)有,沒(méi)有,” 這個(gè)人回答說(shuō).他長(zhǎng)得漂漂亮亮,精神飽滿(mǎn),生性有點(diǎn)暴躁, 喜歡爭(zhēng)吵.
3.茅盾:”直譯的意義若就淺處說(shuō),只是'不妄改原文的字句';就深處說(shuō),還求'能保留原文的情調(diào)與風(fēng)格.”
4.”No, sir, but couldn't I pick it up pretty quick if I tried hard?”
“是沒(méi)干過(guò), 先生.但只要我用心,很快就會(huì)學(xué)會(huì)的,是吧?”
5.Clyde, left alone in this fashion, and not knowing just what it meant, stared, wondering.
克萊德就這么給甩在這兒了,弄不明白什么意思, 兩眼直愣愣地想呀想呀.
6.翻譯家王佐良教授以翻譯英詩(shī)為主,兼及散文和戲劇. 1980年出版的他的<英國(guó)詩(shī)文選擇集>中,有他譯的袁斯詩(shī)11首,雪萊詩(shī)8詩(shī),麥克迪兒米詩(shī)10首,有他譯的培根的散文3篇,科貝特的散文6篇.1985年出版了他譯的<彭斯詩(shī)選>.此外他還曾將曹禺的<雷雨>譯成英語(yǔ).
7.I remember my childhood names for grasses and secret flowers.
我記得兒時(shí)給各種小草和隱蔽的小花取的名字.
8.It required only a rich winter of rain to make it break forth in grass and flowers.
只要經(jīng)歷一個(gè)雨量充足的冬季, 草呀,花呀, 就會(huì)長(zhǎng)出來(lái).
9. when June came the grasses headed out and turned brown, and the hills turned a brown which was not brown but a gold anad saffron and red----an indescribable color.
到6月,草就已經(jīng)長(zhǎng)高了,顏色也變成棕色了.山則顯出一種特別的棕色,說(shuō)棕也不是棕, 有點(diǎn)金黃,有點(diǎn)桔黃,還有點(diǎn)紅----也形容不出是個(gè)什么顏色.
10. It was a rasping nervous wind, and the dust particles cut into a man's skin and burned his eyes.
大風(fēng)讓人們煩躁焦慮,塵土的微粒剮著人的臉,刺痛人的眼睛.
11. The land cracked and the springs dried up and the cattle listlessly nibbled dry twings.
土地龜裂,泉水干枯,牛兒無(wú)精打采地啃著干樹(shù)枝.
12. The tall, well-dressed gentleman standing before me was certainly a far cry from the old sea wolf of my imagination.
站在我面前的是一位身材高大,衣著講究的先生, 與我先前想像的老海怪完全不同.
13. A delighted giggle cut through the severe silence. The ice was broken. We all laughed.
一陣咯咯的歡笑聲打破了嚴(yán)肅而沉寂的氣氛. 誰(shuí)也不拘束了,大家都笑了起來(lái).
14.在舊社會(huì), 我們?cè)u(píng)劇演員常常掙錢(qián)不夠吃飯,藝人們大都是拉家?guī)Э?生活困難.
In the old society, Pinju players seldom made enough to live on. And as most were saddled with big families their life was hard.
15.臘月二十三封箱,把”祖師爺”請(qǐng)到前臺(tái)去, 后臺(tái)冷冷清清, 演員們就更苦了,要等到年初一開(kāi)戲了,才能掙到錢(qián).
On the twenty-third of the twelfth lunar month, when theatres closed and the patron saint of actors was invited to the front stage, leaving the backstage deserted, actors were even worse off, unable to earn any more until the reopening on New Year's Day.
16. 真是一個(gè)錢(qián)撕成八瓣用,心里總是想著怎樣能夠改善家里的困境.
Each single copper had to be eked out, and I kept racking my brains for ways to improve our difficult conditions.
17.每天天不亮戴著星星去排隊(duì),工廠沒(méi)開(kāi)大門(mén)就排上老長(zhǎng)的隊(duì)了.
We had to queue up before dawn when there were still stars in the sky. A long queue formed before the mill's gate opened.
18.可我從頭到腳淋成了落湯雞了.
I was drenched from head to foot like a drowned rat.
UNIT 8 POPULAR SCIENCE
1. there were three groups of oils; animal, vegetable and mineral.
油可以分為三大類(lèi):動(dòng)物油,植物油,礦物油.
2. a few other creatures yield oil, but non so much as whale.
有些動(dòng)物也出油,但都沒(méi)有鯨魚(yú)出得多.
3. Vegetable oil has been known from antiquity.
植物油從古以來(lái)就為人們所熟悉.
4. To it we owe the existence of the motor-car, which has replaced the private carriage drawn by the horse, to it we owe the possibility of flying.
就是因?yàn)橛辛诉@種油,我們才能用上汽車(chē),以代替馬車(chē).就是因?yàn)橛辛诉@種油,我們才有可能飛行.
5. two metal surfaces rubbing together cause friction and heat; but if they are separated by a thing film of oil, the friction and heat are reduced. No machine would work for long if it were not properly lubricated.
兩個(gè)金屬面相擦,就要產(chǎn)生摩擦和熱;但如果在它們之間抹上薄薄的一層油,就可以減少磨擦,降低熱度.
6. the statement that oil originated in the sea is confirmed by a glance at a map showing that chief oilfields of the world; very few of them are far distant from the oceans of today.
石油原于大海的這種觀點(diǎn)是被人們所認(rèn)可的,你要看一眼世界主要油井的分布圖就一目了然了, 幾乎沒(méi)有遠(yuǎn)離現(xiàn)在海洋的油井.
7. the rocks in which oil is found are of marine origin too.
石油存在處的巖石也都有海洋的淵源.
8. A very common sedimentary rock is called shale, which is a soft rock and was obviously formed by being deposited on the sea bed. And where there is shale there is likely to be oil.
一塊極普通的沉積巖叫頁(yè)巖,這種頁(yè)巖質(zhì)地松軟,很明顯是通過(guò)海底沉積作用形成的. 有頁(yè)巖的地方,極有可能有石油.
9. the drill may just miss the oil although it is near; on the other hand, it may strike oil at a fairly high level.
有時(shí)石油雖就在附近,但因?yàn)闆](méi)鉆準(zhǔn)地兒,結(jié)果還是一無(wú)所獲.有時(shí)呢,就這么一鉆,石油就噴出好高好高.
10. when the crude oil is obtained from the field, it is taken to the refineries. Gas that comes off the oil later is condensed.
從油田獲得的原油要被送到煉油廠進(jìn)行處理.接下來(lái)再將獲得的汽體濃縮后成為煤油.
11. We stand now where two roads diverge. But unlike the roads in Robert Frost's familiar poem, they are not equally fair
我們正處在兩條道路分岔的地方.但是并不像我們所熟悉的羅伯特.佛羅斯特詩(shī)中所說(shuō)的,這兩條路是同樣的好.
12. right to know
知情權(quán)
13. A truly extraordinary variety of alternatives to the chemical control of insects is available.
除了用化學(xué)方法控制昆蟲(chóng)以外,還有其他各種非常奇妙的方法可以利用.
14. All have this in common: they are biological solutions, based on understanding of the living organisms they seek to control, and of the whole fabric of life to which these organisms belong.
所有這些方法都有一個(gè)共同點(diǎn)：他們都是生物的解決辦法，其基礎(chǔ)是人們對(duì)所要控制的生物體的了解，以及對(duì)這些生物體整個(gè)生活狀況的了解。
15. It has its obscure and unpretentious beginning; its quite stretches as well as its rapids; its periods of drought as well as of fullness.
其源頭，隱隱約約，并不引人注目;其流勢(shì),時(shí)而平緩,時(shí)而湍急;其水情, 有汛期,也有枯謁期.
16. Dr. Knipling was ready for a full-scale test of his theory.
尼普林教授已在佛羅里達(dá)島進(jìn)行了一些實(shí)地預(yù)備性實(shí)驗(yàn), 并計(jì)劃大規(guī)模地實(shí)踐其理論.
17. the resounding success of the Curacao experiment whetted the appetities of Florida livestock raisers for a similar feat that whould relieve them of the scourge of screw-worms.
庫(kù)拉索島上的實(shí)驗(yàn)大獲成功. 這引起了佛羅里達(dá)州特征畜飼養(yǎng)者的興趣,他們希望借助這一成果幫他們擺脫螺旋鈴繩這一禍害.
18. prearranged flight parents.
事先安排好的飛行隊(duì)形.
19. 中國(guó)還對(duì)廣闊的大陸架和專(zhuān)屬經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)行使主權(quán)權(quán)利和管轄權(quán);中國(guó)的海域處在中,低緯度地帶,自然環(huán)境和資源條件比較優(yōu)越. 人工養(yǎng)殖.
China also exercises sovereignty and jurisdiction over the vast continental shelves and exclusive economic zone, as defined by the Un Convention on the Law of the Sea. Located in medium and low latitudes, China's sea areas have comparatively advantageous natural environmental and resource conditions.
20. 所謂上下文一般是指該語(yǔ)言單位的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境. 所謂狹義上下文是指句子的上下文, 即在一個(gè)句子的范圍內(nèi)該單位周?chē)牡囊恍┱Z(yǔ)言單位.所謂廣義上下文是指該單位的超出句子范圍的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境,這就是話語(yǔ)上下文,即在該單位的周?chē)?在該單位之外,亦即在與之毗連的各個(gè)句子的語(yǔ)言單位的總和. 狹義上下文又可以分為句法上下文和詞匯上下文. 所謂環(huán)境, 是指:1.交際環(huán)境,媽了實(shí)現(xiàn)交行行為的環(huán)境; 2.通報(bào)主題,即話語(yǔ)中描述的一情景; 3. 交際參與者,即說(shuō)者與聽(tīng)者.
UNIT 9 LAW
1. As recently as the early 1960s, the phrase “environmental law” would probably have produced little more than a puzzled look, even from lany lawyers.
早在六十年代初,甚至連許多律師接觸到”環(huán)保法” 這個(gè)詞兒,大半也只會(huì)感到納決而已.
2.enforcement power, environmental statutes. Court of apples. Federal Power Commission. Grant a licese
執(zhí)法權(quán)力, 環(huán)境法, 上訴法院, 關(guān)邦電力委員會(huì), 頒發(fā)許可證.
3.A powerful indictment of America's disregard of ecology, Silent Spring was aimed chiefly at the wholesale use of chemical pesticides, especially DDT. In 1965 a court action took place that ranks in environmental importance with the publication of Silent Spring.
不久以后,在1962年雷切爾.卡林所著,名為<沉默的春天>一書(shū)問(wèn)世了><沉默的春天>有力的控訴了美國(guó)之忽視生態(tài),它主要是針對(duì)大規(guī)模使用農(nóng)藥----特別是嘀滴涕. 1965年又發(fā)生了一件訴訟,其對(duì)環(huán)境之重要意義,不亞于<沉默的春天>之出版.
4. strip mining, noise pollution, offshore oil drilling, waste disposal. Aerosol cans, and nonreturnable beverage containers.
露天采礦, 噪音污染, 深海鉆油,廢物排放, 噴霧器罐及一次性飲料容器.
5. in fact, there is hardly a realm of national life that is not touched by the controversy that often pits those who style themselves environmentalists against proponents of economic growth in our energy-consumming society. The problem is to balance the needs of the environment against those of the economy or consumers trying to cope with the high cost of living without destroying the earth on which we all depend.
實(shí)際上,人類(lèi)生活的方方面面都同這個(gè)爭(zhēng)議密切相關(guān).那些自稱(chēng)為環(huán)保主義者的人十分關(guān)注這個(gè)皺議,他們反對(duì)社會(huì)消耗能源以求發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì). 問(wèn)題其實(shí)是要在環(huán)保需求同經(jīng)濟(jì)消耗需求之間找到平衡,既滿(mǎn)足生存的高消耗又不能破壞我們依賴(lài)的地球.
7. enacting legislation, Clean open land. Clean Air Act Amendment. State legislatures. Bills. Hearings. Private lobbies. Labor unions. Trade-offs. Immediate future. Taken into account.
實(shí)行規(guī)范, 空置土地, 凈化空氣法案, 凈化空所修正法案, 各州立法機(jī)構(gòu), 條款, 聽(tīng)證會(huì), 行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì), 勞工會(huì),
8. the contracting states. copyright protection international systems. Copyright proprietors. Cinematographic works.
締約國(guó),成員國(guó), 版權(quán)保護(hù), 世界版權(quán)保護(hù)制度, 版權(quán)所有者, 電影的作品
9. For the purpose of this Convention any Contracting State may, by domestic legislation, assimilate to its own nationals any person domiciled in that State.
為實(shí)施本公約,任何成員國(guó)均可按照國(guó)內(nèi)立法,將經(jīng)常居住于該國(guó)的任何人按本國(guó)國(guó)民對(duì)待.
10. Director-General, signatory States. Come into force.
委員會(huì)主席, 締約國(guó). 生效.
11. each Contracting State undertakes to adopt, in accordance with its Constitution, such measures as are necessary to ensure the application of this Convention
各締約國(guó)應(yīng)依據(jù)其憲法采取有效措施保證此公約的實(shí)施.
12. it is understood that at the date this convention cones into force in respect of any State, that State must be in a position under its domestic law to give effect to the terms of this Convention.
須明確的是此公約在締約國(guó)內(nèi)一經(jīng)生效, 該國(guó)就應(yīng)依據(jù)其國(guó)內(nèi)法律實(shí)施公約的各項(xiàng)條款.
13. 中華人民共和國(guó)
People's Republic of China
14. 國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)合作和技術(shù)交流, 平等互利的原則
International economic cooperation and technological exchange. On the principle of equality and mutual benefit.
15. 合營(yíng)企業(yè)的一切活動(dòng)應(yīng)遵守中華人民共和國(guó)法律, 法令和有關(guān)條例規(guī)定.
All activities of an equity joint venture shall comply with the provisions of the laws, decrees and pertinent regulations of the PRC.
16. 合營(yíng)各方, 主管部門(mén), 工商行政管理主管部門(mén). 有限責(zé)任公司. 注冊(cè)資本.
Parties to the venture, competent department, State's competent department in charge of industry and commerce administration. Limited liability company. Registered capital.
17.合營(yíng)企業(yè)各方可以現(xiàn)金, 實(shí)物,工業(yè)產(chǎn)權(quán)等進(jìn)行投資.
The parties to an equity joint venture may make their investment in cash, in kind or in industrial property rights.
18.董事會(huì), 企業(yè)發(fā)展規(guī)劃, 生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)活動(dòng)方案, 收支預(yù)算, 利潤(rùn)分配, 勞動(dòng)工資計(jì)劃.
Board of directors; the venture's development plans, proposals for production and business operations. The budget for revenues and expenditure, the distribution of profits. The plans concerning manpower and wages.
19. 毛利潤(rùn), 所得稅, 儲(chǔ)備基金, 職工獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)及福利基金, 企業(yè)發(fā)展基金, 凈利潤(rùn), 注冊(cè)資本
Net profit. Income tax. Reserve fund. A bonus and welfare fund for workers and staff members and a venture expansion fund,
20. 外匯帳戶(hù), 外匯管理?xiàng)l例,
Foreign exchange transactions. Regulations on foreign exchange control.
21. 合營(yíng)企業(yè)所需原材料,燃料,配套件等, 應(yīng)盡先在中國(guó)購(gòu)買(mǎi), 也可由合營(yíng)企業(yè)界自籌外匯,直接在國(guó)際市場(chǎng)上購(gòu)買(mǎi).
In its purchase of required raw and processed materials. Fuels, auxiliary equipment, etc. an equity joint ventures should first give priority to purchases in China. It may also make such purchases directly on the world market with foreign exchange raised by itself.
22. 外籍職工, 個(gè)人所得稅, 不可抗力, 全國(guó)人民代表大會(huì)
Foreign employee. Individual income tax. Force majeure. National People's Congress.
UNIT 10 SPEECHES
1. distinguished guests. On behalf of. Incomparable hospitality.
諸位貴賓. 謹(jǐn)代表. 盛情款待.
2. Never have I heard American music played better in a foreign land.
我在外國(guó)從來(lái)沒(méi)有聽(tīng)到過(guò)演奏得這么好的美國(guó)音樂(lè).
3. gracious and eloquent remarks. Common ground. At the outset. Common interests.
盛情和雄辯的講話. 合作的共同點(diǎn). 一開(kāi)始. 共同利益.
4. we have acquired a keen sense of the diversity, dynamism, and progress of China under your policies of reform and opening to the outside world.
我們強(qiáng)烈地感受到你們所進(jìn)行的改革和對(duì)外開(kāi)放政策給中國(guó)帶來(lái)的多樣化,活力和進(jìn)步.
5. more than eight years have passed since Vice Premier Deng Xiaoping and I joined hands to establish full diplomatic relations between our two great nations.
自從鄧小平副總理和我共同建立我們兩個(gè)偉大國(guó)家之間的正式外交關(guān)系以來(lái),已經(jīng)八年多了.
6. sino-American relationship. The forging of firm Sino-American ties. National security policies.
中美關(guān)系. 建立牢固的中美關(guān)系. 國(guó)家安全政策.
7. strategic relations. Non-government sectors.
戰(zhàn)略關(guān)系, 非政府部門(mén)
8. in this context, it is important for our two societies to search for areas of cooperation which clearly add to our mutual benefit.
在這種情況下, 兩國(guó)尋求能明顯帶來(lái)互惠互利的合作領(lǐng)域便顯得尤為重要.
9. in the area of public health. Although ours is relatively quite small, such activities, when combined with our common foreign policy interests and a growing commercial relationship, should help to remove the lingering fragility in Sino-American relations.
在公共健康領(lǐng)域方面. 盡管我方所占比例較小, 但此次項(xiàng)目, 涉及我們基本對(duì)外政策的利害關(guān)系及不斷增進(jìn)的商業(yè)關(guān)系,必將有助于消除中美關(guān)系中長(zhǎng)期存在的不穩(wěn)定因素.\
10. 先有哈佛,后有美利堅(jiān)合眾國(guó), 這說(shuō)明了哈佛在美國(guó)歷的地位.
The fact that Harvard was founded before the United States of American testifies to its position in the American history.
11. 中國(guó)教育界,科學(xué)界,文化界一直同哈佛大學(xué)保持著學(xué)術(shù)交流.
The Chinese educational, scientific and cultural communities have all along maintained academic exchange with this university.
12. 中國(guó)在自己發(fā)展的長(zhǎng)河中, 形成了優(yōu)良的歷史文化傳統(tǒng).
In the prolonged course of its development, China has formed its fine historical and cultural traditions
Unit 1 stories
1. He was thirty-six, his youth had passed like a screaming eagle, leaving him old and disillusioned.
他已三十六歲,青春像一路鳴叫的鷹,早已一閃而逝, 留給他的是衰老和幻滅.
2. average height 普通高度 3. gleaming eyes 兩眼閃著光輝
4. in his middle twenties 大概是二十五六歲的年齡
5. ignoring the chair offered him, Chu The stood squarely before this youth more than ten years his junior and in a level voice told him who he was, what he had done in the past, how he had fled from Yunnan, talked with Sun Yat-sen, been repulsed by Chen Tu-hsiu in Shanghai, and had come to Europe to find a new way of life for himself and a new revolutionary road for China.
朱德顧不得拉過(guò)來(lái)的椅子,端端正正地站在這個(gè)比他年輕十歲的青年面前,用平穩(wěn)的語(yǔ)調(diào), 說(shuō)明自己的身份和經(jīng)歷: 他怎樣逃出云南, 怎樣會(huì)見(jiàn)孫中山, 怎樣在上海被陳獨(dú)秀拒絕, 怎樣為了尋求自己的新的生活方式和中國(guó)的新的革命道路而來(lái)到歐洲.
6. When both visitors had told their stories, Chou smiled a little, said he would help them find rooms, and arrange for them to join the Berlin Communist group as candidates until their application had been sent to China and an answer received.
兩位來(lái)客把經(jīng)歷說(shuō)完后,周恩來(lái)微笑著說(shuō),他可以幫他們找到住的地方,替他們辦理加入黨在柏林的支部的手續(xù), 在入黨申請(qǐng)書(shū)寄往中國(guó)而尚未批準(zhǔn)之前,暫時(shí)作候補(bǔ)黨員.
7. Chinese Communist Party
中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨
8. 兩條要求, 忠實(shí)------內(nèi)容, 通順-------語(yǔ)言
9. Several times on his trips to China, which he made as a guest of the Chinese Government, Bill's birthday occurred while he was in Beijing.
以中國(guó)官方客人的身份, 比爾來(lái)訪中國(guó)已多次了, 而且在北京停留期間恰適他生日也有好幾次了.
10. ‘ This is for you,' Bill Morrow heard on many occasions he would never forget----such as when he was taken a boat down the Grand Canal and every boat that passed sounded its siren in salutation. Or when he shown over the great Nanjing bridge, built where the ferries used to carry trains across the Changjiang River. He was given a chair and asked to wait a little as darkness came on, then suddenly the whole bridge was outlined in lights.
“這是為你安排的.” 這句話比爾.莫諾聽(tīng)到過(guò)好幾次, 每一次都令他難以忘懷. 有一次, 他沿大運(yùn)河乘船順?biāo)?途經(jīng)的每艘船都鳴笛致敬. 還有一次, 他參觀雄偉的南京長(zhǎng)江大橋------以前沒(méi)橋時(shí), 要靠輪渡托載火車(chē)橫渡長(zhǎng)江. 夜幕漸漸降臨了, 他被安排坐下,并被告知稍坐等候, 然后突然間, 整個(gè)橋身被燈光勾畫(huà)出了一個(gè)清晰的輪廊.
11. The most important day I remember in all my life is the one on which my teacher, Anne Mansfield Sulliven, came to me. I am filled with wonder when I consider the immeasurable contrast between the two lives which it connects.
在我的記憶里, 安妮.曼斯匪爾德.沙利文教師來(lái)的那一天,是我一生中最重要的日子. 從這一天開(kāi)始, 我的生活與以前迥然不同, 一想到這一點(diǎn), 我就感到非常興奮.
12. On the afternoon of that eventful day, I stood on the porch, dumb, expectant.
那天下午,我一聲不響, 懷著期待的心情站在門(mén)廊里.
13. Have you been at sea in a dense fog, when it seemed as if a tangible white darkness shut you in ,and the great ship, tense and anxious, groped her way toward the shore with plummet and sounding-line and you waited with beating heart for something to happen? I was like that ship before my education began, only I was without compass or sounding-line, and had no way of knowing how near the harbour was. “ light! Give me light!” was the wordless cry of my soul, and the light of love shone on me in that very hour.
不知你是否有過(guò)這樣的經(jīng)歷---在海上航行遇上了大霧,周?chē)黄?好像著實(shí)把你關(guān)在一個(gè)黑暗的地方,大船上的人又緊張又著急, 一面用鉛錘探測(cè)深淺,一面向岸邊慢慢駛?cè)? 你的心也怦怦直跳,生怕出事. 我在開(kāi)始受教育之前, 就像這樣一條船, 只是沒(méi)有羅盤(pán), 沒(méi)有測(cè)探繩, 也無(wú)法知道離海港有多遠(yuǎn). “光明!給我光明!” 這就是發(fā)自我內(nèi)心深處的無(wú)言的呼喚, 也就在這時(shí)候, 愛(ài)心的光芒照到了我的身上.
14. Someone took it, and I was caught up and held close in the arms of her who had come to reveal all things to me, and, more than all things else, to love me.
有個(gè)人握住了我的手, 于是我被抱了起來(lái), 緊緊地抈在了她的懷里. 正是她來(lái)到我的身邊, 將一切展切在我面前, 更重要的是, 是她將愛(ài)帶給了我.
15. monkey-like imitation.
猴子模仿似的
16. In the days that followed, I learned to spell in this uncomprehending way a great many words, among them pin, hat, cup and a few verbs like sit, stand and walk.
接下來(lái)的幾天里, 我在根本不知自己在做什么樣情況下,學(xué)會(huì)了拼好些單詞, 比如PIN, HAT, CUP 及一些動(dòng)詞, 如SIT, STAND AND WALK.
17. That was because I saw everything with the strange, new sight that had come to me. On entering the door I remembered the doll I had broken. I felt my way to hearth and picked up the pieces, I tried vainly to put them together.
那是因?yàn)槲艺靡环N剛剛獲得的全新而奇特的視角來(lái)看待一切事物. 進(jìn)屋時(shí),我想起了被我弄壞的那個(gè)娃娃. 我摸索著來(lái)到壁爐前, 拾起那些碎片, 試圖將它們拼接在一起, 卻沒(méi)辦到.
18. it would have been difficult to find a happier child than I was as I lay in my crib at the close of that eventful day and lived over the joys it had brought me, and for the first time longed for a new day to come.
當(dāng)那感概萬(wàn)千的一天快要結(jié)束時(shí), 我躺在自己的小床里, 感受這一天帶給我的那些快樂(lè), 我覺(jué)得沒(méi)有人比我更幸福了. 一生中第一次,我期待著新一天的來(lái)臨.
19. 一切舊的傳統(tǒng)觀念, 一切阻止社會(huì)進(jìn)步和人性發(fā)展的不合理的制度.
All outmoded traditional thinking; any irrational system which obstructs social progress or human development.
20. 我覺(jué)得有一根鞭子在抽打我的心, 又覺(jué)得仿佛有什么鬼魂借我的筆為自己伸冤一樣.
I felt as if my mind was being whipped, as if a ghost had commandeered my pen and was writing to redress the injustices it had suffered.
21.另一個(gè)地方
On another occasion.
22. 長(zhǎng)得好看的人用不著濃妝艷抹, 而我的文章就像一個(gè)丑八怪, 不打扮, 看起來(lái)倒還順眼些.
Physically attractive people don't need heavy make-up. Though my writing resembles an ugly monster, it actually looks a little better without any embellishment.
22. 我最恨那些盜名欺世, 欺騙讀者的謊言。
This means I oppose fabrication, deception and flowery language. What I hate most are those glory-seeking writers who deceive the public with their lies.
23. 就學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)而言，有三個(gè)方面值得注意：拼法正確，合乎用法---一個(gè)詞怎么用，和哪個(gè)詞連用，很有講究。句子平穩(wěn)—合乎語(yǔ)法。
Unit2 HISTORY
1. The country was a place where men worked from dawn to dark, and the labourer lived not in the sun, but in poverty and darkness. What aids there were to lighten labour were immemorial, like the mill, which was already ancient in Chaucer's time. The industrial Revolution began with such machines; the millwrights were the engineers of the coming age. James Brindley of Staffordashire started his self-made career in 1733 by working at mill wheels, at the age of seventeen, having been born poor in a village.
在農(nóng)村，人們從早到晚都得干活，勞動(dòng)者并不是沐浴在陽(yáng)光下，而在生活在貧困和黑暗之中，那么幫助減輕勞動(dòng)的機(jī)械都不知從哪個(gè)年代就有了。比如磨坊，在喬叟的時(shí)候就已經(jīng)是古老的了。而工業(yè)革命就是從這些機(jī)械開(kāi)始的。修造磨坊的匠人就是開(kāi)創(chuàng)新時(shí)代的工程師。斯塔?？さ恼材匪?。布林斯雷，出身于一個(gè)貧苦的農(nóng)村家庭；一七三三年，他十七歲，就著手改良磨坊的車(chē)輪，從而開(kāi)始了他那自我?jiàn)^斗的生涯。
2. in the air
醞釀之中
3.multi-purpose machine
多功能機(jī)器
4. Brindley had begun on his own account, out of interest, to survey the waterways that he traveled as he went about his engineering projects for mills and mines.
布林斯雷在為他的磨坊和礦井建筑工程到處奔走的時(shí)候，出于自愿和興趣，對(duì)沿途經(jīng)過(guò)的河道進(jìn)行了勘察。
5. they often had little education, and in fact school education as it then was could only dull an inventive mind.
他們一般都沒(méi)有受過(guò)什么教育。事實(shí)上，當(dāng)時(shí)那種學(xué)校教育也只能窒息人的創(chuàng)造性。
6. arteries of communication
交通的動(dòng)脈
7. these things had been manufactured in villages which were growing into towns now, away from London; it was a country-wide trade.
這些物品都是在遠(yuǎn)離倫敦漸漸發(fā)展成為城鎮(zhèn)的農(nóng)村制造的。這是一場(chǎng)全國(guó)范圍的貿(mào)易。
8．要從詞匯，短語(yǔ)和結(jié)構(gòu)三個(gè)方面去弄懂原文，但是光這樣做還是不夠的，還必須把握全篇。
9. It is not alone: it forms one of a triad of revolutions, of which the other two were the American Revolution that started in 1775, and the French Revolution that started in 1789. It may seem strange to put into the same pocket an industrial revolution and two political revolutions.
工業(yè)革命不是孤立的，它是當(dāng)時(shí)三*之一，另外兩次是美國(guó)革命和法國(guó)革命，分別始于1775年和1789年。將一次工業(yè)革命和兩次政治革命相提并論，似乎有些奇。
10. cottage industry
作坊似的
11.what makes the Industrial Revolution so peculiarly English is that it is rooted in the countryside.
工業(yè)革命特別具有英國(guó)特色是因?yàn)樗哺谵r(nóng)村
12. During the first half of the eighteenth century, in the old age of Newton and the decline of the Royal Society, England basked in a last Indian summer of village industry and the overseas trade of merchant adventures.
18世紀(jì)上半期，也就是牛頓的晚年，皇家學(xué)會(huì)逐漸衰敗的年代，英國(guó)仍享受著農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)和商業(yè)冒險(xiǎn)家從事的海外貿(mào)易帶來(lái)的最后歡娛。
13. Eventually, though a few communities continued to be devoted almost exclusively to mining, the real wealth of Montana, Colorado, Wyoming, Idaho, and California proved to be in the grass of soil.
后業(yè)雖然少數(shù)城鎮(zhèn)專(zhuān)門(mén)從事采礦業(yè)，但蒙大拿，科羅拉多，懷俄明，愛(ài)達(dá)荷等州的真正財(cái)富，也和加州一樣，還是在草原和沃土之中。
14. readability, 讀起來(lái)上口，順。所謂翻譯，是翻譯意思，而不是翻譯詞句。只要抓住了意思，譯文在詞句上可以有一定的靈活性。
15. Despite the great gains in industry, agriculture remained the nation's basic occupations. The revolution in agriculture----paralleling that in manufacturing after the war involved a shift from hand labor to machine farming, and from subsistence to commercial agriculture. Between 1686 and 1910, the number of farms in the United States trebled, increasing from 2 million to 6 million while the area farmed more than doubled from 160 million to 352 million hectares.
盡管工業(yè)的收益很大，農(nóng)業(yè)仍是國(guó)民的基礎(chǔ)產(chǎn)業(yè)。農(nóng)業(yè)革命----和戰(zhàn)后的制造業(yè)革命齊駕齊驅(qū)，使手工業(yè)勞作變?yōu)闄C(jī)械耕種，使維持生計(jì)的農(nóng)業(yè)變?yōu)樯虡I(yè)化的農(nóng)業(yè)。從1860年至1910年間，美國(guó)農(nóng)場(chǎng)的數(shù)量翻了三番，從2000000個(gè)增至6000000個(gè)，耕種的面積也從1。6公頃增至3。52公頃，增長(zhǎng)了一倍多。
16. In 1840, Cyrus McCormick performed a miracle by cutting from two to two-and-a-half hectares a day with the curious machine he had been developing for nearly 10 years.
到了1840年，塞路斯，麥克米克創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)奇跡，用他歷經(jīng)近十年研制的神奇機(jī)器，一天可割麥2---2。5公頃。
17. In 1862, the Morrill Land-Grant College Act
1862年，政府頒布的有關(guān)贈(zèng)地建校的“莫里爾公地興學(xué)法案”
18. industrial colleges, appropriated fund, were at work.
農(nóng)業(yè)院校， 下?lián)芸铐?xiàng)， 展開(kāi)了科研活動(dòng)。
19. 五四運(yùn)動(dòng)是反帝國(guó)主義的運(yùn)動(dòng),又是反封建的運(yùn)動(dòng). 五四運(yùn)動(dòng)的杰出的歷史意思,在于它帶著為辛亥革命還不曾有的姿態(tài), 這就是徹底地不妥協(xié)地反帝國(guó)主義和徹底地不妥協(xié)地反封建主義.
The May 4th Movement was an anti-imperialist as well as an anti-feudal movement. Its outstanding historical significance is to be seen in a feature which was absent from the Revolution of 1911, namely, its thorough and uncompromising opposition to imperialism as well as to feudalism.
20. 五四運(yùn)動(dòng)所進(jìn)行的文化革命則是徹底地反對(duì)封建文化的運(yùn)動(dòng),自有中國(guó)歷史以來(lái),還沒(méi)有過(guò)這樣偉大而徹底的文化革命.
May 4th Movement was uncompromising in its opposition to feudal culture; there had never been such a great and thoroughgoing cultural revolution since the dawn of Chinese history.
21. 五四運(yùn)動(dòng)是在思想上和干部上準(zhǔn)備了一九二一年中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨的成立,又準(zhǔn)備了五?運(yùn)動(dòng)和北伐戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng).
Both in ideology and in the matter of cadres, the May 4th Movement paved the way for the founding of the Chinese Communist Party in 1921 and for the May 30th Movement in 1925 and the Northern Expedition.
22. 上海,唐山,長(zhǎng)辛店等地工人紛紛罷工*, 中國(guó)工人階級(jí)第一次作為覺(jué)悟了的獨(dú)立的政治力量登上政治舞臺(tái),顯示了它的偉大力量.
Workers in Shanghai, Tanghsna, Changxindian and etc, went on strike to express their disapproval. As an awakened, independent, political strength, Chinese working class stepped on the political stage for the first time and illuminated its tremendous power.
23. 在全國(guó)人民反帝愛(ài)國(guó)斗爭(zhēng)的壓力下, 北洋軍閥政府被迫釋放被捕學(xué)生,撤銷(xiāo)三個(gè)賣(mài)國(guó)?的職務(wù),拒絕在對(duì)德”和約”上簽字,反帝反封建斗爭(zhēng)取得了初步勝利.
Under the pressure of a nationwide patriotic struggle against imperialism, the Northern Warlord government had to release those arrested students, remove the 3 traitors from their posts and refuse to sign on the Peace Treaty with Germany. The struggle against imperialism and feudalism has achieved a foundemental victory.
24. 五四運(yùn)動(dòng)是一次徹底的不妥協(xié)的反帝反封建的革命運(yùn)動(dòng), 它促成了中國(guó)工人運(yùn)動(dòng)同馬克思主義的結(jié)合, 在思想上和干部上為中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨的成立作了準(zhǔn)備, 是中國(guó)新民主主義革命的開(kāi)端.
May 4th Movement is a revolutionary movement with a thorough and uncompromising opposition to imperialism and feudalism. It prompted the combination of Chinese workers' movement and Marxism and, both in ideology and in the matter cadres, paved the way for the founding of Chinese Communist Party. It was the beginning of the Chinese New Democratic Revolution.
25. Scarcely less important than machinery in the agricultural revolution was science. In 1862, the Morrill Land-Grant College Act allotted public land to each state for the establishment of agricultural and industrial colleges.
在農(nóng)業(yè)革命中與機(jī)械幾乎同等重要的是科學(xué).1862年,根據(jù)”莫里爾公地興法案”, 國(guó)會(huì)把公用地分配給各州,以便建立農(nóng)業(yè)和工業(yè)學(xué)院.
26. the revolution in agriculture---paralleling that in manufacturing after the war involved a shift from hand labor to machine farming, and from subsistence to commercial agriculture.
農(nóng)業(yè)的革命----和戰(zhàn)后制造業(yè)的革命并駕齊驅(qū)----使手工業(yè)勞動(dòng)變?yōu)闄C(jī)械耕作,從維持生計(jì)的農(nóng)業(yè)變成為商業(yè)化的農(nóng)業(yè).
UNIT 3 GEOGRAPHY
1. All this suggested ancient harmonies.
這一切使人感到古代的和諧氣氛.
2. The devastating floods and droughts that imposed a recurrent tax of suffering on the fellahin no longer occur.
過(guò)去給農(nóng)民帶來(lái)災(zāi)難的水旱災(zāi)害,現(xiàn)在也不再發(fā)生了.
3. About six years ago it became an island. Day by day the sea is eating the land----the dam has stopped the sediment of the Nile from replenishing the shoreline.
大約六年前, 那地方變成了一個(gè)小島.海水一天天沖刷陸地----水壩已經(jīng)使得尼羅河的泥沙無(wú)法沉積下來(lái)加固海岸了.
4. 舊的教學(xué)法只管三件事,識(shí)漢字, 讀漢字讀物, 寫(xiě)漢字作文. 冰心在<北京晚報(bào)>發(fā)表過(guò)一篇文章:”漫談賞花和玩貓”.
5.Tombs and temples of ancient Egypt follow the Nile well into Sudan. Driving southward from Cairo into the valley, I entered a landscape that owed little to the present era. For the next 1800 miles the thin blue ribbon of the Nile, flowing slowly north, unwound over brown soil and green fields, some only a few yards wide, others as broad as an Iowa cornfield. At the edge of the fields, rising in dramatic hills or stretching flat to the horizon, lay the brown barren deserts.
古埃及的墳?zāi)?廟宇遍布尼羅河兩岸,一直沿至蘇丹.駕車(chē)從開(kāi)羅往南行至尼羅河谷,映入眼簾的是一番與現(xiàn)代截然不同的景色.藍(lán)色玉帶般的尼羅河綿延1800英里,在棕色的土地和綠色的田野間緩緩向北流去.田地有的僅幾碼寬,有的則如依阿華州的玉米地那么寬.田野的外邊緣處是寸草不生的棕色沙漠,有的地方如小山般高高聳起,有的則平平的一直延展至天際.
6. I had the illusion that I was driving through one immensely long, narrow farm.
我感到自己宛若駕車(chē)穿越一個(gè)毫無(wú)盡頭的狹長(zhǎng)農(nóng)場(chǎng).
7. the road followed the course of the Nile, now passing through the fields, now drawing a black line separating them from the desert.
公路是順著尼羅河修筑的,所以時(shí)而從田間穿過(guò),時(shí)而如一條黑色的分界線將田地與沙漠隔開(kāi).
8. as the flood receded, the water draining through the soil leached out the salts and carried them off to the Mediterranean.
洪水退去時(shí), 下滲土壤的水會(huì)沖走土里的鹽分,并最終把鹽帶入地中海.
9. it enjoys a Mediterranean climate.
屬地中海氣候
10. The fertility of the surrounding plains, easy access to the Murray lowlands to the east and southeast, and the presence of mineral deposits in the nearby hills all contributed to the city's growth.
四周平原土壤肥沃,與東和東南方的墨累低地相通.附近山區(qū)有礦藏. 原為早期農(nóng)貿(mào)中心, 現(xiàn)已工業(yè)化.
11. The Adelaide Festival of Arts was the first international celebration of its kind to be held in Australia.
阿德萊德文藝節(jié)每?jī)赡昱e行一次,是在澳大利亞舉辦的第一個(gè)國(guó)際性文藝活動(dòng).
12. Adelaide, the capital of South Australia, is one of Australia's best-planned cities.
南澳大利亞的首府,阿德萊德, 是澳大利亞布局最精巧的城市之一.
13. Belts of parklands line three sides of the area and four large open squares of lawns and trees break the regularity of the city buildings. North Adelaide, which is chiefly residential, is bordered by more parklands, and contains two open squares. N and S Adelaide are divided by the Torrens River, spanned by four bridge and lined with ornamental gradens.
帶狀綠地從三面環(huán)繞,區(qū)內(nèi)的四塊空地上有草坪也有樹(shù)木,打破了市內(nèi)建筑物的單調(diào)格局.北部主要是居民區(qū),其周?chē)灿泄珗@環(huán)繞.另外還有兩個(gè)大廣場(chǎng).南北阿德萊德的分界是特化斯河,河面上建有四座橋,兩岸則有花園點(diǎn)綴.
14. The city contains many fine examples of early Australian architecture, including the town hall on King Wiiliam Street---the wide main N-S thoroughfare.
阿德萊德?lián)碛性S多早期澳式建筑的典范,比如貫通南北的主干道路----余威廉大街上的市政大廳.
15. jets of water, aluminium sculptures, draws its water.
噴水孔,鋁質(zhì)雕塑.供水之源
16. Parklands, which separate the city and the suburbs, are preserved in the perpetuity for the use of the people.
分隔市區(qū)與郊區(qū)的綠地永遠(yuǎn)留作人們活動(dòng)的場(chǎng)所.
17. The Imperial Palace
18. Of particular interest if you have time might be the Imperial Ancestral Temple, which is to the right, and the Sun Yat-Sen Park, on the left.
19. Covering an area of 175 acres, the Palace is enclosed by walls over 35ft high and surrounded by a moat 57yd wide.
20. the Palace Museum, with four gates, has its main entrance to the south, known as the Meridian Gate. This is the gate you will approach as you continue along the cobbled roadway from Tian An Men. The Imperial Palace is divided into two ceremonial areas: the Outer Palace and the Inner Court. Through the Meridian Gate and across the Golden Water Bridge, one comes to the Gate of Supreme Harmony, the main gate of the Outer Palace. The main building in the Outer Palace are the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the Hall of Preserving Harmony.
21. The Hall of Supreme Harmony, the Meridian Gate, the Outer Palace, the Inner Court, the Golden Water Bridge, the Gate of Supreme Harmony, the Hall of Complete Harmony, the Hall of Preserving Harmony.
太和殿, 午門(mén), 外朝, 內(nèi)延, 金水橋, 太和門(mén), 中和殿, 保和殿
22.總面積共有68.2公頃, 燕京八景之一, 五龍亭, 九龍壁, 御花園, 白塔, 燕京, 琉璃瓦, 影壁
With a total area of 68.2 ha. One of the eight views of Beijing. The Five Dragon Pavilion. Nine-Dragon Screen. The Imperial garden. The White Dagoba. Beijing. Glazed tiles. Screen.
UNIT 4 ECONOMY
1. President Clinton realized---as al of us must---- that today's economy is global.
正如每個(gè)人必須認(rèn)識(shí)到的那樣,克林頓總統(tǒng)認(rèn)識(shí)到當(dāng)今的經(jīng)濟(jì)具有全球性質(zhì).
2. 1977, the sum total of Chinese imports and exports was less than $15 billion, putting China's share of world at 0.6 percent. The most populous country in the world, China ranked a distant 30th among exporting nations. By 1993 China's exports and imports totaled nearly $200 billion. China had become the world's tenth largest exporter.
在1977年,中國(guó)進(jìn)出口總額還不到150億美元,僅占世界貿(mào)易總額的0.6%, 世界上人口最多的中國(guó)在出口國(guó)家中排名靠后,僅是第30位,到1993年,中國(guó)進(jìn)出口總額接近2000億美元,它已成為每10個(gè)的出口國(guó).
3. Per capita GNP has grown at an average rate of 7.6% from 1980-1992.
從1980年至1992年,人均國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值平均增長(zhǎng)率為7.6%.
4. But the importance of trade in our economy has exploded in the past three decades. In 1970, the value of two way trade was equal to just 13% of the US economy. Last year, that figure, at 28%, was more than twice as high. In just the last seven years, jobs supported by US exports have risen by 4 million, to a total of 11 million. That's almost one out of ten American jobs. Last year US trade equaled $1.8 trillion dollars.
但在過(guò)去30年中,我們經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易的重要性大大地增加了,在1970年,雙邊貿(mào)易的總值占了整個(gè)美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的13%.去年上升到28%,比1970年增加了一倍多.就在過(guò)去7年中,美國(guó)的出口創(chuàng)造的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)增加了400萬(wàn)個(gè).總數(shù)上升到1100萬(wàn)個(gè).這個(gè)數(shù)字就占美國(guó)就業(yè)總數(shù)的1/10.去年, 美國(guó)貿(mào)易總額達(dá)到了1.8億美元.
5. Nor is the importance of trade likely to diminish for either China or the United States. Foreign exchange.
無(wú)論是中國(guó)還是美國(guó),都不會(huì)縮小貿(mào)易的重要性. 外匯.
6. Bilateral trade, the order of
雙邊貿(mào)易
7. sound foundation for future commercial and financial ties.
為未來(lái)貿(mào)易與金融關(guān)系打下了一個(gè)堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ).
8. China's imports from the US, which amounted to $900 million in 1978, rose to nearly $ 3 billion in 1982. exports rose from $300 million to $ 2.3 billion during that period. Total Chinese trade has also risenj dramatically, from 1978 to 1983 Chinese exports increased from roughly 10 billion to 22 billion, while imports increased from 10 billion to just over 21 billion.
中國(guó)從美國(guó)的進(jìn)口額,從??到由9億美元增至近30億美元,對(duì)美出口額在這期間也從3億美元增至23億美元.中國(guó)的對(duì)外貿(mào)易總額也急速攀升, 中國(guó)的出口額從1978年的約100億美元增至1982年的220億美元,進(jìn)口額與此同時(shí)也從100億美元增長(zhǎng)到了210多個(gè)億美元.
9. joint ventures. Offshore oil exploration
合資企業(yè), 海上石油勘測(cè)
10. there are reasons to be optimistic and to expect that commercial and financial relationships will grow in the future.
我們有理由保持樂(lè)觀的態(tài)度,有理由相信,未來(lái)貿(mào)易與金融關(guān)系會(huì)繼續(xù)發(fā)展.
11. Food production, industrial production. Light industries.
糧食產(chǎn)量, 工業(yè)生產(chǎn), 輕工業(yè)
12. I believe Chinese economic authorities recognize the problem and the next Five-Year Plan will address it effectively.
我相信中國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)管理部門(mén)已認(rèn)識(shí)到這個(gè)問(wèn)題,在下一個(gè)”五年計(jì)劃”中定會(huì)有效地解決這一問(wèn)題.
13. Britain lives by commerce. With 2% of the world's population, we are the world's fifth largest trading nation. We rely more than any other major economy on the goods and services that we export, the investment that we attract and we make abroad.
英國(guó)的生存依賴(lài)貿(mào)易. 雖然英國(guó)人口只占全球的2%, 它卻是世界第五大貿(mào)易國(guó).英國(guó)對(duì)商品和服務(wù)出口以及對(duì)投資和引資的依賴(lài)超過(guò)了世界上其他主要經(jīng)濟(jì)體.
14.outward investor, net income, the share of foreign investment.
海外投資, 凈收入,
15. what this means is that Britain has direct experience of the benefits that international trade and investment generate.
這意味著英國(guó)直接享受到了國(guó)際投資所帶來(lái)的利益., 國(guó)際投資的蓬勃發(fā)展符合我國(guó)利益.
16. that is the way to maximize her share of world markets; and----as the UK knows from direct experience----to attract the stimulus, the technology and the funding that inward investment can offer.
限度地?cái)U(kuò)大其在世界上的市場(chǎng)份額的方法, 英國(guó)從自身直接的經(jīng)歷中體會(huì)到,吸引外資可以帶來(lái)動(dòng)力,技術(shù)和資金.
17. 嚴(yán)復(fù)--<天演論>,信—忠實(shí), 達(dá)—流暢, 雅—爾雅, 他并不十分重視”信”, 他說(shuō)”譯文取明深義,故詞句之間,時(shí)有所顛倒附益,不斤斤于字比句次.” 周煦良教授在”翻譯三論”一文中說(shuō): 我認(rèn)為應(yīng)當(dāng)作為”得體”來(lái)理解.
18. multilateral disciplines. Brought this home. Zero-sum game. Finite stock. Donor and recipient.
多邊條約, 感觸頗深, 盈利損失總體持平, 經(jīng)濟(jì)利益增長(zhǎng)值, 投資方與被投資方
19. 立足國(guó)內(nèi)資源, 實(shí)現(xiàn)糧食基本自給, 是中國(guó)解決糧食供需問(wèn)題的基本方針.
The basic principle for solving the problem of grain supply and demand in China is to reply on the domestic resources and basically achieve self-sufficiency in grain.
20.根據(jù)中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)自然資源,生產(chǎn)條件,技術(shù)水平和其他發(fā)展條件,糧食增產(chǎn)潛力很大.
Natural agricultural resources, production conditions, technical level and some other conditions ensure great potential in this respect.
21.即使考慮到土地報(bào)酬率遞減的因素,也是有條件實(shí)現(xiàn)的.
To achieve the target is totally possible even if the factor of diminishing land returns rate is considered.
22.中國(guó)政府將在加強(qiáng)對(duì)現(xiàn)有耕地保護(hù)的同時(shí),加快宜農(nóng)荒地的開(kāi)發(fā)和工礦廢棄地的復(fù)墾.
The Chinese government will make efforts to speed up the reclamation of wasteland suitable for farming as well as land discarded by factories and mines.
23. inland waters, aquaculture, aquatic products, intensification, animal by-products, arbor foodstuffs.
內(nèi)陸水域,養(yǎng)殖,水產(chǎn)品,集約化,畜產(chǎn)品,木本食物.
UNIT 5 CULTURE
1. it's raining again. As I lie awake in bed, listening to the sound of those razor-sharp drops pounding on the pavement, my mind goes reeling down dark corridors teeming with agonizing flashbacks, and a chill from within fills me with dread. It's raining, again.
又下雨了,我躺在床上,睡不著,聽(tīng)著雨點(diǎn)兒落在路面上啪啪作響.我思緒萬(wàn)千,恍恍惚惚進(jìn)入了一條條幽暗的甬道,回想起許多痛苦的往事.心里一陣冰涼, 不禁感到毛骨悚然.是的,又在下雨了.
2.it does this every year in Southern California; at least that's what they told me last year when I marveled at the relentless determination of the rain.
加利福尼亞南部,年年如此;去年,雨無(wú)情地下個(gè)不停.我表示驚異, 人們就是這樣對(duì)我說(shuō)的.
3. every child raised in the West knows about these dangers. At least that's what I used to think. I'm not so sure anymore.
在西部長(zhǎng)大的孩子都知道洪水的厲害.至少我過(guò)去是這樣想的,現(xiàn)在就不敢說(shuō)的.
4. Habits form, however, and, in a child's mind, most of the time becomes all of the time, and nobody gives it much thought. Then the rains come.
然而孩子們習(xí)以為常,在他們心目中,”大部分時(shí)間”變成了”全部時(shí)間”,而誰(shuí)也沒(méi)有仔細(xì)去想這件事.后來(lái)就下起雨來(lái)了.\
5.在理論方面,魯迅曾針對(duì)當(dāng)時(shí)趙景深的”寧順而不信”的提法,提出了”寧信而不順”的主張. 1935年,魯迅在”題未定'草'”一文中又對(duì)翻譯作了新的概括.他說(shuō):”凡是翻譯,必須兼顧著兩面,一當(dāng)然力求其易解,一則保存著原作的豐姿.”也就是說(shuō),翻譯既要通順,又要忠實(shí).
6. Each day we make choices that affect our lives and, sometimes, the lives of others.
每一天我們都要做出許多選擇,大部分是為自己,有的也為別人.
7. Somehow our path took us toward the park, across the footbridge high above the rolling water of the Los Angeles River.
不知怎的,我們就踏上了通向公園的小路.
8.Many children were playing close to the water, and we were stunned by their ignorance and daring. The far bank.
許多孩子在告近水邊的地方玩耍.他們的無(wú)知與魯莽把我倆看呆了.
9. He jumped into the water to get his bike and was carried rapidly downstream, a look of panic and horror registering on his young face.
他跳進(jìn)河里去撈車(chē).急流一下子就把他給沖走了,他嚇壞了,臉上現(xiàn)出驚恐的表情.剎那間,我們要做出選擇.
10. the greatest instinct, I believe, is to help a child in need.
我想,是本能驅(qū)使我們?nèi)ゾ戎粋€(gè)危難中的孩子.
11. I could see that he had confronted much more than he could handle, even being as strong and athletic as he was.
從艾勒的表情,我知道,盡管他身強(qiáng)力壯,但當(dāng)時(shí)他面臨的困境是他無(wú)法擺脫的.
12. feeling of guilt, as a matter of course. That little was lucky to get out.
內(nèi)疚心理, 理所當(dāng)然, 那孩子命大的話會(huì)脫險(xiǎn)的.
13. Although both my parents died young, I have done well in this respect as regards my other ancestors. My maternal grandfather, it is true, was cut off in the flower of his youth at the age of sixty-seven, but my other three grandparents all lived to be over eighty.
我的父母年紀(jì)輕輕就去世了,可是說(shuō)到祖輩,我還是選得不錯(cuò)的.我外祖父固然是在風(fēng)華正茂之年就棄世了,當(dāng)時(shí)他只有六十七歲,但是我的祖父,祖母和外祖母卻都活到了八十以上.
14. my maternal grandmother, after having nine children who survived, one who died in infancy, and many miscarriages, as soon as she became a widow devoted herself to women's higher education.
我外祖母有九個(gè)孩子活了下來(lái),有一個(gè)孩子很小就死了,她還流產(chǎn)過(guò)多次.丈夫一死,她就致力于女子高等教育.
15. if you have wide and keen interests and activities in which you can still be effective, you will have no reason to think about the merely statistical fact of the number of years you have already lived, still less of the probable brevity of your future.
你要是有廣泛的愛(ài)好和強(qiáng)烈的興趣,而且還有能力參加一些活動(dòng),你就沒(méi)有理由去考慮自己已經(jīng)活了多少歲這樣的具體數(shù)字,更沒(méi)有理由去考慮自己的余年大概是很有限的了.
16. one's thoughts must be directed to the future, and to things about which there is something to be done.
一個(gè)人應(yīng)當(dāng)考慮未來(lái),考慮一些可以有所作為的事情.
17. It is easy to think to oneself that one's emotions used to be more vivid than they are, and one's mind more keen.
人們往往會(huì)對(duì)自己說(shuō),我過(guò)去感情多么豐富,思想多么敏銳,現(xiàn)在不行了.
18. the other thing to be avoided is clinging to youth in the hope of sucking vigour from its vitality.
另一件需要避免的事就是老想和年輕人呆在一起,希望從青年的活力中吸取力量.
19. Animals become indifferent to their young as soon as their young can look after themselves, but human beings, owing to the length of infancy, find this difficult.
動(dòng)物,一旦它們的后代能夠自己照料自己,它們就不管了;但是人,由于撫養(yǎng)子女的時(shí)間長(zhǎng),是難以這樣做的.
20.在我國(guó),從二十年代開(kāi)始從事翻譯工作,從五十年代乃至八十年代還在討論翻譯問(wèn)題的,大概只有兩個(gè)人,一個(gè)是郭沫若,一個(gè)就是茅盾.
21. I think that a successful old age is easiest for those who have strong impersonal interests involving appropriate activities.
我認(rèn)為,如果老年人對(duì)個(gè)人以外的事情懷有強(qiáng)烈的興趣,并參加適當(dāng)?shù)幕顒?dòng),我們的晚年是最容易過(guò)得好的, 他們的晚年才會(huì)是一生收獲的季節(jié).
22.Yong men who have reason to fear that they will be killed in battle may justifiably feel bitter in the thought that they have been cheated of the best things that life has to offer. But in old man who has known human joys and sorrows, and has achieved whatever work it was in him to do ,to fear of death is somewhat object and ignoble.
年青時(shí)有這種想法是可以理解的. 年青人害怕陣亡疆場(chǎng),而且一想到人生最美好的一切就這么被葬送了,恐懼的心情會(huì)更加嚴(yán)重.這種恐懼無(wú)可厚非.但作為老年人,人生的悲歡離合你已都經(jīng)歷過(guò)了,自己要做的事情也都做了,這時(shí)若還恐懼死亡,那就有些讓人瞧不起了.
23. An individual human existence should be like a river--- small at first, narrowly contained within its banks, and rushing passionately past boulders and over waterfalls. Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede, the waters flow more quietly, and in the end , without any visible break, they become merged in the sea, and painlessly lose their individual being.
一個(gè)人的一生應(yīng)像一條河----起初窄窄的,夾在兩岸之中,急速地流動(dòng)闃,沖過(guò)巖石,沖下瀑布,漸漸地,河面變寬了,兩岸變得越來(lái)越遠(yuǎn),河水靜靜地流動(dòng)著,直到最后,再也沒(méi)有什么阻礙了,因?yàn)檫@時(shí),你已融入了大海,毫無(wú)痛苦地結(jié)束了自己?jiǎn)为?dú)存在的那一段歷程.
24. 如今,能為他的這本散文集作序,我覺(jué)得很榮幸.
I find it a great honour to be asked to write a preface to this collection of his essays.
25. <心上的河流>寫(xiě)出了他對(duì)于小河流水的深情,這使我憶起死回我所熱愛(ài)的無(wú)邊的大海.
In “ A River at Heart”, he expressed his deep feelings towards the flowing water of a creek, which reminded me of my own love for the boundless, vast sea.
26.這幾年,我因行動(dòng)不便, 整天過(guò)著”井蛙”的無(wú)聊生活,讀了這游記,絢麗生動(dòng)得如經(jīng)其境,給了我很大的快樂(lè).
In recent years, unable to move about easily, I have been leading a dull life like that of “a frog at the bottom of a well”. Reading his travel notes gave me great pleasure because they are so colourful and vivid that I felt I was actually there.
27.如同舊夢(mèng)重溫一般,我回憶起1936年在倫敦的3個(gè)星期,在晝夜看不到日,月,星三光的濃霧之中,參觀了大英博物館,敏納斯教學(xué)-----訪問(wèn)了一些英國(guó)朋友.
Just like going through old dreams, I remembered the three weeks I had spent in London in 1936. during that time, when the sun, the moon and the stars were hidden behind the thick fog day and night, I visited the British Museum and the Westminster and called on my English friends.
28.因?yàn)樽√庪x羅浮宮很近,我就整個(gè)上午”泡”在羅浮宮里.
As I was very close to the Louvre, I would loiter in the palace the whole morning.
29. 吃過(guò)早餐,就出來(lái)坐在宮門(mén)臺(tái)附上,欣賞宮門(mén)口那一大座花壇,花壇里栽的是紅,黃,白,紫四色分明的盛開(kāi)的郁金色.
After lunch, I would come out and sit on the steps at the entrance of the palace, enjoying the big flower beds near the gate filled with blooming tulips of distinctive red, yellow, white and purple.
30. 意大利是我最喜歡的一個(gè)歐洲國(guó)家.
One of my favourite European countries falls on Italy which is built of stone.
31.佛羅倫薩給我留下的,除了美術(shù)館里的雕像和壁畫(huà)之外,還有一座座府弟墻壁上的燈座,每座燈下都有一只拴馬的鐵環(huán),是聚會(huì)或宴客時(shí)拴馬用的,十分別致.
Things I can remember in Florence are the statues and murals in the Art Gallery as well as the lampstands on the walls of each house. Under each lampstand, there is q unique iron ring used to tie the horses when parties or banquets are held.
UNIT 6 LITERATURES
1. 重神似不重形似”這是在討論翻譯問(wèn)題時(shí)常說(shuō)的一句話. 傅雷—人間喜劇, 約翰.克利斯朵夫, 最難應(yīng)付的是原文中最簡(jiǎn)單最明白而最短.
2.“No, no, no,” replied this individual, who was blond and vigorous and by nature a little irritable and contentious.
“沒(méi)有,沒(méi)有,沒(méi)有,” 這個(gè)人回答說(shuō).他長(zhǎng)得漂漂亮亮,精神飽滿(mǎn),生性有點(diǎn)暴躁, 喜歡爭(zhēng)吵.
3.茅盾:”直譯的意義若就淺處說(shuō),只是'不妄改原文的字句';就深處說(shuō),還求'能保留原文的情調(diào)與風(fēng)格.”
4.”No, sir, but couldn't I pick it up pretty quick if I tried hard?”
“是沒(méi)干過(guò), 先生.但只要我用心,很快就會(huì)學(xué)會(huì)的,是吧?”
5.Clyde, left alone in this fashion, and not knowing just what it meant, stared, wondering.
克萊德就這么給甩在這兒了,弄不明白什么意思, 兩眼直愣愣地想呀想呀.
6.翻譯家王佐良教授以翻譯英詩(shī)為主,兼及散文和戲劇. 1980年出版的他的<英國(guó)詩(shī)文選擇集>中,有他譯的袁斯詩(shī)11首,雪萊詩(shī)8詩(shī),麥克迪兒米詩(shī)10首,有他譯的培根的散文3篇,科貝特的散文6篇.1985年出版了他譯的<彭斯詩(shī)選>.此外他還曾將曹禺的<雷雨>譯成英語(yǔ).
7.I remember my childhood names for grasses and secret flowers.
我記得兒時(shí)給各種小草和隱蔽的小花取的名字.
8.It required only a rich winter of rain to make it break forth in grass and flowers.
只要經(jīng)歷一個(gè)雨量充足的冬季, 草呀,花呀, 就會(huì)長(zhǎng)出來(lái).
9. when June came the grasses headed out and turned brown, and the hills turned a brown which was not brown but a gold anad saffron and red----an indescribable color.
到6月,草就已經(jīng)長(zhǎng)高了,顏色也變成棕色了.山則顯出一種特別的棕色,說(shuō)棕也不是棕, 有點(diǎn)金黃,有點(diǎn)桔黃,還有點(diǎn)紅----也形容不出是個(gè)什么顏色.
10. It was a rasping nervous wind, and the dust particles cut into a man's skin and burned his eyes.
大風(fēng)讓人們煩躁焦慮,塵土的微粒剮著人的臉,刺痛人的眼睛.
11. The land cracked and the springs dried up and the cattle listlessly nibbled dry twings.
土地龜裂,泉水干枯,牛兒無(wú)精打采地啃著干樹(shù)枝.
12. The tall, well-dressed gentleman standing before me was certainly a far cry from the old sea wolf of my imagination.
站在我面前的是一位身材高大,衣著講究的先生, 與我先前想像的老海怪完全不同.
13. A delighted giggle cut through the severe silence. The ice was broken. We all laughed.
一陣咯咯的歡笑聲打破了嚴(yán)肅而沉寂的氣氛. 誰(shuí)也不拘束了,大家都笑了起來(lái).
14.在舊社會(huì), 我們?cè)u(píng)劇演員常常掙錢(qián)不夠吃飯,藝人們大都是拉家?guī)Э?生活困難.
In the old society, Pinju players seldom made enough to live on. And as most were saddled with big families their life was hard.
15.臘月二十三封箱,把”祖師爺”請(qǐng)到前臺(tái)去, 后臺(tái)冷冷清清, 演員們就更苦了,要等到年初一開(kāi)戲了,才能掙到錢(qián).
On the twenty-third of the twelfth lunar month, when theatres closed and the patron saint of actors was invited to the front stage, leaving the backstage deserted, actors were even worse off, unable to earn any more until the reopening on New Year's Day.
16. 真是一個(gè)錢(qián)撕成八瓣用,心里總是想著怎樣能夠改善家里的困境.
Each single copper had to be eked out, and I kept racking my brains for ways to improve our difficult conditions.
17.每天天不亮戴著星星去排隊(duì),工廠沒(méi)開(kāi)大門(mén)就排上老長(zhǎng)的隊(duì)了.
We had to queue up before dawn when there were still stars in the sky. A long queue formed before the mill's gate opened.
18.可我從頭到腳淋成了落湯雞了.
I was drenched from head to foot like a drowned rat.
UNIT 8 POPULAR SCIENCE
1. there were three groups of oils; animal, vegetable and mineral.
油可以分為三大類(lèi):動(dòng)物油,植物油,礦物油.
2. a few other creatures yield oil, but non so much as whale.
有些動(dòng)物也出油,但都沒(méi)有鯨魚(yú)出得多.
3. Vegetable oil has been known from antiquity.
植物油從古以來(lái)就為人們所熟悉.
4. To it we owe the existence of the motor-car, which has replaced the private carriage drawn by the horse, to it we owe the possibility of flying.
就是因?yàn)橛辛诉@種油,我們才能用上汽車(chē),以代替馬車(chē).就是因?yàn)橛辛诉@種油,我們才有可能飛行.
5. two metal surfaces rubbing together cause friction and heat; but if they are separated by a thing film of oil, the friction and heat are reduced. No machine would work for long if it were not properly lubricated.
兩個(gè)金屬面相擦,就要產(chǎn)生摩擦和熱;但如果在它們之間抹上薄薄的一層油,就可以減少磨擦,降低熱度.
6. the statement that oil originated in the sea is confirmed by a glance at a map showing that chief oilfields of the world; very few of them are far distant from the oceans of today.
石油原于大海的這種觀點(diǎn)是被人們所認(rèn)可的,你要看一眼世界主要油井的分布圖就一目了然了, 幾乎沒(méi)有遠(yuǎn)離現(xiàn)在海洋的油井.
7. the rocks in which oil is found are of marine origin too.
石油存在處的巖石也都有海洋的淵源.
8. A very common sedimentary rock is called shale, which is a soft rock and was obviously formed by being deposited on the sea bed. And where there is shale there is likely to be oil.
一塊極普通的沉積巖叫頁(yè)巖,這種頁(yè)巖質(zhì)地松軟,很明顯是通過(guò)海底沉積作用形成的. 有頁(yè)巖的地方,極有可能有石油.
9. the drill may just miss the oil although it is near; on the other hand, it may strike oil at a fairly high level.
有時(shí)石油雖就在附近,但因?yàn)闆](méi)鉆準(zhǔn)地兒,結(jié)果還是一無(wú)所獲.有時(shí)呢,就這么一鉆,石油就噴出好高好高.
10. when the crude oil is obtained from the field, it is taken to the refineries. Gas that comes off the oil later is condensed.
從油田獲得的原油要被送到煉油廠進(jìn)行處理.接下來(lái)再將獲得的汽體濃縮后成為煤油.
11. We stand now where two roads diverge. But unlike the roads in Robert Frost's familiar poem, they are not equally fair
我們正處在兩條道路分岔的地方.但是并不像我們所熟悉的羅伯特.佛羅斯特詩(shī)中所說(shuō)的,這兩條路是同樣的好.
12. right to know
知情權(quán)
13. A truly extraordinary variety of alternatives to the chemical control of insects is available.
除了用化學(xué)方法控制昆蟲(chóng)以外,還有其他各種非常奇妙的方法可以利用.
14. All have this in common: they are biological solutions, based on understanding of the living organisms they seek to control, and of the whole fabric of life to which these organisms belong.
所有這些方法都有一個(gè)共同點(diǎn)：他們都是生物的解決辦法，其基礎(chǔ)是人們對(duì)所要控制的生物體的了解，以及對(duì)這些生物體整個(gè)生活狀況的了解。
15. It has its obscure and unpretentious beginning; its quite stretches as well as its rapids; its periods of drought as well as of fullness.
其源頭，隱隱約約，并不引人注目;其流勢(shì),時(shí)而平緩,時(shí)而湍急;其水情, 有汛期,也有枯謁期.
16. Dr. Knipling was ready for a full-scale test of his theory.
尼普林教授已在佛羅里達(dá)島進(jìn)行了一些實(shí)地預(yù)備性實(shí)驗(yàn), 并計(jì)劃大規(guī)模地實(shí)踐其理論.
17. the resounding success of the Curacao experiment whetted the appetities of Florida livestock raisers for a similar feat that whould relieve them of the scourge of screw-worms.
庫(kù)拉索島上的實(shí)驗(yàn)大獲成功. 這引起了佛羅里達(dá)州特征畜飼養(yǎng)者的興趣,他們希望借助這一成果幫他們擺脫螺旋鈴繩這一禍害.
18. prearranged flight parents.
事先安排好的飛行隊(duì)形.
19. 中國(guó)還對(duì)廣闊的大陸架和專(zhuān)屬經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)行使主權(quán)權(quán)利和管轄權(quán);中國(guó)的海域處在中,低緯度地帶,自然環(huán)境和資源條件比較優(yōu)越. 人工養(yǎng)殖.
China also exercises sovereignty and jurisdiction over the vast continental shelves and exclusive economic zone, as defined by the Un Convention on the Law of the Sea. Located in medium and low latitudes, China's sea areas have comparatively advantageous natural environmental and resource conditions.
20. 所謂上下文一般是指該語(yǔ)言單位的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境. 所謂狹義上下文是指句子的上下文, 即在一個(gè)句子的范圍內(nèi)該單位周?chē)牡囊恍┱Z(yǔ)言單位.所謂廣義上下文是指該單位的超出句子范圍的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境,這就是話語(yǔ)上下文,即在該單位的周?chē)?在該單位之外,亦即在與之毗連的各個(gè)句子的語(yǔ)言單位的總和. 狹義上下文又可以分為句法上下文和詞匯上下文. 所謂環(huán)境, 是指:1.交際環(huán)境,媽了實(shí)現(xiàn)交行行為的環(huán)境; 2.通報(bào)主題,即話語(yǔ)中描述的一情景; 3. 交際參與者,即說(shuō)者與聽(tīng)者.
UNIT 9 LAW
1. As recently as the early 1960s, the phrase “environmental law” would probably have produced little more than a puzzled look, even from lany lawyers.
早在六十年代初,甚至連許多律師接觸到”環(huán)保法” 這個(gè)詞兒,大半也只會(huì)感到納決而已.
2.enforcement power, environmental statutes. Court of apples. Federal Power Commission. Grant a licese
執(zhí)法權(quán)力, 環(huán)境法, 上訴法院, 關(guān)邦電力委員會(huì), 頒發(fā)許可證.
3.A powerful indictment of America's disregard of ecology, Silent Spring was aimed chiefly at the wholesale use of chemical pesticides, especially DDT. In 1965 a court action took place that ranks in environmental importance with the publication of Silent Spring.
不久以后,在1962年雷切爾.卡林所著,名為<沉默的春天>一書(shū)問(wèn)世了><沉默的春天>有力的控訴了美國(guó)之忽視生態(tài),它主要是針對(duì)大規(guī)模使用農(nóng)藥----特別是嘀滴涕. 1965年又發(fā)生了一件訴訟,其對(duì)環(huán)境之重要意義,不亞于<沉默的春天>之出版.
4. strip mining, noise pollution, offshore oil drilling, waste disposal. Aerosol cans, and nonreturnable beverage containers.
露天采礦, 噪音污染, 深海鉆油,廢物排放, 噴霧器罐及一次性飲料容器.
5. in fact, there is hardly a realm of national life that is not touched by the controversy that often pits those who style themselves environmentalists against proponents of economic growth in our energy-consumming society. The problem is to balance the needs of the environment against those of the economy or consumers trying to cope with the high cost of living without destroying the earth on which we all depend.
實(shí)際上,人類(lèi)生活的方方面面都同這個(gè)爭(zhēng)議密切相關(guān).那些自稱(chēng)為環(huán)保主義者的人十分關(guān)注這個(gè)皺議,他們反對(duì)社會(huì)消耗能源以求發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì). 問(wèn)題其實(shí)是要在環(huán)保需求同經(jīng)濟(jì)消耗需求之間找到平衡,既滿(mǎn)足生存的高消耗又不能破壞我們依賴(lài)的地球.
7. enacting legislation, Clean open land. Clean Air Act Amendment. State legislatures. Bills. Hearings. Private lobbies. Labor unions. Trade-offs. Immediate future. Taken into account.
實(shí)行規(guī)范, 空置土地, 凈化空氣法案, 凈化空所修正法案, 各州立法機(jī)構(gòu), 條款, 聽(tīng)證會(huì), 行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì), 勞工會(huì),
8. the contracting states. copyright protection international systems. Copyright proprietors. Cinematographic works.
締約國(guó),成員國(guó), 版權(quán)保護(hù), 世界版權(quán)保護(hù)制度, 版權(quán)所有者, 電影的作品
9. For the purpose of this Convention any Contracting State may, by domestic legislation, assimilate to its own nationals any person domiciled in that State.
為實(shí)施本公約,任何成員國(guó)均可按照國(guó)內(nèi)立法,將經(jīng)常居住于該國(guó)的任何人按本國(guó)國(guó)民對(duì)待.
10. Director-General, signatory States. Come into force.
委員會(huì)主席, 締約國(guó). 生效.
11. each Contracting State undertakes to adopt, in accordance with its Constitution, such measures as are necessary to ensure the application of this Convention
各締約國(guó)應(yīng)依據(jù)其憲法采取有效措施保證此公約的實(shí)施.
12. it is understood that at the date this convention cones into force in respect of any State, that State must be in a position under its domestic law to give effect to the terms of this Convention.
須明確的是此公約在締約國(guó)內(nèi)一經(jīng)生效, 該國(guó)就應(yīng)依據(jù)其國(guó)內(nèi)法律實(shí)施公約的各項(xiàng)條款.
13. 中華人民共和國(guó)
People's Republic of China
14. 國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)合作和技術(shù)交流, 平等互利的原則
International economic cooperation and technological exchange. On the principle of equality and mutual benefit.
15. 合營(yíng)企業(yè)的一切活動(dòng)應(yīng)遵守中華人民共和國(guó)法律, 法令和有關(guān)條例規(guī)定.
All activities of an equity joint venture shall comply with the provisions of the laws, decrees and pertinent regulations of the PRC.
16. 合營(yíng)各方, 主管部門(mén), 工商行政管理主管部門(mén). 有限責(zé)任公司. 注冊(cè)資本.
Parties to the venture, competent department, State's competent department in charge of industry and commerce administration. Limited liability company. Registered capital.
17.合營(yíng)企業(yè)各方可以現(xiàn)金, 實(shí)物,工業(yè)產(chǎn)權(quán)等進(jìn)行投資.
The parties to an equity joint venture may make their investment in cash, in kind or in industrial property rights.
18.董事會(huì), 企業(yè)發(fā)展規(guī)劃, 生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)活動(dòng)方案, 收支預(yù)算, 利潤(rùn)分配, 勞動(dòng)工資計(jì)劃.
Board of directors; the venture's development plans, proposals for production and business operations. The budget for revenues and expenditure, the distribution of profits. The plans concerning manpower and wages.
19. 毛利潤(rùn), 所得稅, 儲(chǔ)備基金, 職工獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)及福利基金, 企業(yè)發(fā)展基金, 凈利潤(rùn), 注冊(cè)資本
Net profit. Income tax. Reserve fund. A bonus and welfare fund for workers and staff members and a venture expansion fund,
20. 外匯帳戶(hù), 外匯管理?xiàng)l例,
Foreign exchange transactions. Regulations on foreign exchange control.
21. 合營(yíng)企業(yè)所需原材料,燃料,配套件等, 應(yīng)盡先在中國(guó)購(gòu)買(mǎi), 也可由合營(yíng)企業(yè)界自籌外匯,直接在國(guó)際市場(chǎng)上購(gòu)買(mǎi).
In its purchase of required raw and processed materials. Fuels, auxiliary equipment, etc. an equity joint ventures should first give priority to purchases in China. It may also make such purchases directly on the world market with foreign exchange raised by itself.
22. 外籍職工, 個(gè)人所得稅, 不可抗力, 全國(guó)人民代表大會(huì)
Foreign employee. Individual income tax. Force majeure. National People's Congress.
UNIT 10 SPEECHES
1. distinguished guests. On behalf of. Incomparable hospitality.
諸位貴賓. 謹(jǐn)代表. 盛情款待.
2. Never have I heard American music played better in a foreign land.
我在外國(guó)從來(lái)沒(méi)有聽(tīng)到過(guò)演奏得這么好的美國(guó)音樂(lè).
3. gracious and eloquent remarks. Common ground. At the outset. Common interests.
盛情和雄辯的講話. 合作的共同點(diǎn). 一開(kāi)始. 共同利益.
4. we have acquired a keen sense of the diversity, dynamism, and progress of China under your policies of reform and opening to the outside world.
我們強(qiáng)烈地感受到你們所進(jìn)行的改革和對(duì)外開(kāi)放政策給中國(guó)帶來(lái)的多樣化,活力和進(jìn)步.
5. more than eight years have passed since Vice Premier Deng Xiaoping and I joined hands to establish full diplomatic relations between our two great nations.
自從鄧小平副總理和我共同建立我們兩個(gè)偉大國(guó)家之間的正式外交關(guān)系以來(lái),已經(jīng)八年多了.
6. sino-American relationship. The forging of firm Sino-American ties. National security policies.
中美關(guān)系. 建立牢固的中美關(guān)系. 國(guó)家安全政策.
7. strategic relations. Non-government sectors.
戰(zhàn)略關(guān)系, 非政府部門(mén)
8. in this context, it is important for our two societies to search for areas of cooperation which clearly add to our mutual benefit.
在這種情況下, 兩國(guó)尋求能明顯帶來(lái)互惠互利的合作領(lǐng)域便顯得尤為重要.
9. in the area of public health. Although ours is relatively quite small, such activities, when combined with our common foreign policy interests and a growing commercial relationship, should help to remove the lingering fragility in Sino-American relations.
在公共健康領(lǐng)域方面. 盡管我方所占比例較小, 但此次項(xiàng)目, 涉及我們基本對(duì)外政策的利害關(guān)系及不斷增進(jìn)的商業(yè)關(guān)系,必將有助于消除中美關(guān)系中長(zhǎng)期存在的不穩(wěn)定因素.\
10. 先有哈佛,后有美利堅(jiān)合眾國(guó), 這說(shuō)明了哈佛在美國(guó)歷的地位.
The fact that Harvard was founded before the United States of American testifies to its position in the American history.
11. 中國(guó)教育界,科學(xué)界,文化界一直同哈佛大學(xué)保持著學(xué)術(shù)交流.
The Chinese educational, scientific and cultural communities have all along maintained academic exchange with this university.
12. 中國(guó)在自己發(fā)展的長(zhǎng)河中, 形成了優(yōu)良的歷史文化傳統(tǒng).
In the prolonged course of its development, China has formed its fine historical and cultural traditions