I．Useful Sentence Patterns
1. 比較結(jié)構(gòu)：
Compared with the bike, the car runs much faster.
In 1998 we produced as many computers as we did in the previous years.
People now enjoy a better life than before.
The harder you work at English, the greater progress you will make.
I prefer to work rather than to sit idly.
I prefer staying at home to going shopping on Sundays.
The population is rising while the natural resources are declining.
2. 關(guān)于利弊、優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)的句型
A has a lot of advantages over B.
Compared with B, A has many advantages.
be of benefit to sb./ sth. benefit sb./ sth. benefit from sth.
do a lot of good to be good for do damage to do harm to
be as good as; be not so good as
not so much…as…
3. 說明原因的句型
There are two (some, many)good reasons for sth./ to do sth.
Many factors may contribute to / account for this problems.
We have two good reasons for…
The reason for …is that…
The reason for … lies in many aspects.
4. 表示不同看法的句型
Different people have (hold ) different views/ opinions on this question/ problem/ matter/ issue. Some believe that… Others argue that… Still others maintain that…
People’s opinions on…vary from person to person.
They are quite different from each other in their opinions.
They think quite differently on this question.
5. 表示必須、緊急、有困難做某事
It’s important (necessary, urgent, desirable) for sb. to do sth.
It’s high time that we did sth. (注意that引導(dǎo)的從句要用虛擬語氣，動(dòng)詞用過去式)
have trouble / difficulty/ problem (in) doing sth. have trouble with sth.
6. 表示因果關(guān)系
The cause of / reason for higher prices was an increase in demand.
Because / As / Now that / Since the demand has increased, the prices are higher.
An increase in demand causes / results in / lead to / produces higher prices.
The demand has increased. Therefore, / As a result, / For this reason, / Consequently, the prices are higher.
If there is an increase in demand, then prices rise / go up / boost / will be higher.
7. 辯論中常用的句型
There is no doubt that…
It is obvious apparent that…/ It should be noted that…/ it shouldn’t be ignored that..
It is true that… but it doesn’t mean that…
As is known to all that…/ it goes without saying that… / No wonder that….
What’s more important,… / I’m convinced that…
8. 舉例
For example/ For instance… / Let’s have an example…
A case in point is that…
Another good example is that…
9. 諺語
As a popular saying goes, every coin has two sides.
As a proverb says, everything has two sides. On the one hand,… On the other hand,…, So we should look at the matter from different aspects.
As is known to all, no pains, no gains.
10. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型
Only in this way, can we do it well.
It was not until then that people began to realize the importance of controlling population.
II. Three Types of Compositions
1.提綱式
It Pays to Be Honest
(introduction) What is honesty? Honesty means speaking the truth and being fair and upright in act. Considered a virtue, it is admired in every country and every culture. He who lives and cheats is dishonest. Dishonesty is generally looked upon as an evil, and is despised and condemned by everyone.
(當(dāng)今社會(huì)上存在許多不誠實(shí)的現(xiàn)象。) However, there are people who try to get benefits by dishonest means. For example, some students copy the exercise done by others or cheat on examinations, in order to get good marks. The same thing may be said of a merchant who tries to get rich by deceiving customers. Those people may succeed for a time, but sooner or later, they will bring them nothing but troubles.
（誠實(shí)利人利己，做人應(yīng)該誠實(shí)。）As the English proverb goes, honesty is the best policy. For one thing, if you want to be trusted and respected by your friends, you must be honest. A liar is always looked down upon and avoided by the people around him. For another, if you want to succeed in your work, the first qualification you should have is honesty. Therefore, whatever your aim is, you must work honestly to attain it.
1 分析優(yōu)點(diǎn)\缺點(diǎn)
Positive and Negative Aspects of Sports
1.參加體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的好處。
2.但也有副作用。
3.你的體會(huì)。
The Two-Day Weekend
1. 雙休日給大學(xué)生帶來的好處。
2．雙休日可能給大學(xué)生到來的問題。
3．我應(yīng)當(dāng)怎樣過好雙休日。
Advantages and Disadvantages of Having Part-time Job
At present, more and more university students are doing part-time jobs. They work as family tutors, waiters, salesmen and so on. Like everything else, having a part-time job has both favorable and unfavorable aspects. Generally, the advantages can be listed as follows.
First, students can have the chance of earning pocket money and this can reduce their parents’ financial burden. In addition, they can put what they have learned in use. And most important of all, they can get some working experience and get to know the society. For example, they can learn to get along with people. That’s what can’t be learnt from books.
But every coin has two sides. The disadvantages of having a part-time job are also apparent. For part time jobs may take up too much time and energy, and may influence their study. (to begin with…to make matters worse…worst of all)
Through the above analysis, we can see that the positive aspects outweigh the negative ones. Therefore, students may benefit from their part-time jobs so long as they can keep a good balance between study and work.
2 My view on...
Reading Selectively Or Extensively
1. 有人認(rèn)為讀書要有選擇。
2. 有人認(rèn)為要博覽群書。
3. 我的看法。
Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary?
1． 很多人認(rèn)為有必要進(jìn)行英語口語考試，理由是……
2． 也有人持不同意見
3． 我的看法和打算
My View on Donating Blood
People’s views on donating blood vary from person to person. Some people think that it is glorious to donate blood. They hold this opinion because those who are in urgent need of blood can be saved. But others hold the opposite idea. In their opinion, blood is precious and blood donating may do harm to their health.
As to me, I agree with the first opinion. The reasons of my choices are as follows. First, while it is true that loss of too much blood is dangerous, it doesn’t mean that donating a little blood is harmful. On the contrary, doctors say that donating a little blood can help the body function better. Second, there is a short supply of blood in China, so it the duty of every citizen to donate their blood. If our little blood can pull back somebody on the way to death, will there be anything that can make me even happier.
Therefore, we should advocate blood donating.
1． 有人以收入豐厚為擇業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
2． 有人以自己是否喜愛為擇業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
3． 你的觀點(diǎn)是
Choosing a Profitable Job or a Job I Love
Nowadays, there is a contradiction about choosing a job profitable or a job I love. Some people hold the opinion that in such a competitive society, survival is the foremost and the most important of all. If one can’t afford himself, how can he choose something he likes to do? On the contrary, if one has high salary and enough money, he can do anything he wants to do. As a result, those people will try their best to find a profitable job.
At the same time, other people argue that human beings come to the world nakedly, and leave nakedly. The only thing they can do is to choose something they enjoy and job takes up 2/3 time of the life span, so why not do a job they love. How can one live his life just for money? “I prefer happiness than wealth.” Is those people’s motto.
In my opinion, not only does one live in the world for himself, but he has many responsibilities for his parents and others. So I think it crucial to have a profitable job.
Form my point of view, if I can’t find a job which is both profitable and interesting, I may choose the one I love, for I think money isn’t the only that is important, and I’d like to make my job a life long enjoyment.
3 how to… 如何解決？
How I Finance My College Education
1． 上大學(xué)的費(fèi)用（tuition and fees）可以通過多種途徑解決
2． 哪種途徑適合我
How to Eliminate Fake Diplomas
It is reported that the flooding of fake diplomas is becoming a serious social problem recently. When employers lay much emphasis on their candidates’ education background, different kinds of fake diplomas appear in society. It’s unfair that one fails to get his job just because his rival has got a fake diploma or certificate. Therefore, fake diplomas do harm to the job market.
Many ways can contribute to solving this serious problem, but the following ones may be most effective. First of all, companies and universities should have a close contact so that the fake diplomas can’t play tricks. Besides, the one who fabricates the fake diplomas should be severely punished by law and totally exposed through media. Finally, the one who uses a fake diploma should also be disqualified from the job market and be fined or punished by law. This may give a lesson to others.
These are not the best and the only measures we can take. But it’s high time we took actions to get rid of fake diplomas.
4 Why…分析原因 （必要性/危害性）
My Ideal Career
Why I Came to College
Why College Students Take a Part-Time Job
Why There Is a Boom in Adult Education
Chinese People are Living Longer
My Favorite TV Program Why I Take the College English Test Band Six
… there are many reasons/ causes for… but in general, they come down to three major ones. /// There are many factors that may account for/ contribute to the reason why…
For one thing…
for another…
perhaps the prime reason is that….
From the foregoing…
5比較
To Live in the City or in the Country
To Be a Small Fish in a Big Pond or a Big Fish in a Small Pond
To Live with Your Parents or to Live Alone
(兩者各有特點(diǎn)，比較起來我的選擇是……)
1) When you… you will be faced with the choice between…
2) First of all, A.. also, B…,
A… likewise B…
Despite their similarities, A and B are also different in many ways.
First A…h(huán)owever B
Besides A… in contrast B…
Perhaps the most striking difference is that…
* A(point 1, 2, 3); however/ in contrast B(point 1, 2, 3)
3) therefore your choice may depend on…, if you want… you may… if you want…,…may be a better choice.
So it is obvious that neither choice is sufficient to solve the problem. It’s better to combine the two…
Needless to say, compared with…, …may be a better choice for most people.
Exam-oriented or Quality-oriented Education
When we come to talk about education reform, it is inevitable to meet the choice between exam-oriented education and quality-oriented education. We ought to be regarded inconsiderate if we rushed our decision without comparing them.
To begin with, the purpose of both education methods is to impart knowledge to students. The exam-oriented education can enable students to remember a lot of information from books. However, the quality-oriented approach can help students learn from practice. Besides, the exam oriented way is to help students get high scores so that they can further their study in higher schools. In contrast, the quality-oriented education mainly aims at promoting students’ abilities. Finally, the most striking difference is that under the exam-oriented system, students have to learn passively regardless of interests while under the quality-oriented system, students can learn actively.
Therefore, it is not difficult to make a right choice now. That depends on our purpose of education and our criterion of evaluating a good student.
To Be a Small Fish in a Big Pond or a Big Fish in a Small Pond?
There are distinct differences between working in a large or small enterprise. In large enterprises, you can derive a deep sense of satisfaction from being a member of a well-known organization. You may get well paid, have better trainings and good working condition. And you can get in touch with advanced management.
In a small enterprise, you have bigger responsibilities and your decision may bring immediate effect. Normally you are exposed to various experiences and are expected to do a great many things without much help or guidance.
Personally I prefer to work in a small enterprise, where my prospect of promotion is good as long as I work hard. To tell you the truth, I’d rather become a well-known and important figure within my own small pond.
2.圖表式
1） 描述圖表，得出結(jié)論
描述圖表的內(nèi)容：
according the chart, we can see that
….has more than doubled, ….has greatly increased from 2% to 14%,
…h(huán)as decreased dramatically…
a marked change has taken place in…
…h(huán)as become a very serious social problem.
According to the figures shown in the table/ graph we can see / conclude that…
The graph shows / tells us/ reveals that…
As is shown/ can be seen in the chart, …
The table gives information about…
It can be seen from the statistics that…
The table represents the development and changes in agricultural structure in the past 30 years.
描述增減變化
There is a slight / slow / steady / rapid/ dramatic / drastic increase / decrease / decline / reduction / fall / drop in demand/ income/ population / prices / production.
… is on the rise / decline // increase/ decrease
compared with the number of 1986… it still increased by 3680, with an increasing proportion of 2%.
The number of … grew / rose / has increased / changed / goes up from … to…
The amount of … has more than doubled/ tripled…
tend to rise/ has a tendency to rise
The population will amount to 1200 million in 2020.
… while/ whereas…
描述時(shí)間
over the period from 1986~1994
in the past half century
in the 3 years spanning from 1985 through 1987
between 1987 and 1997Com
2）分析原因發(fā)表議論there are many factors leading to the change/ problem
3）提出建議或解決方法the change will be more obvious and greater
…. keep increasing…
…we should be on guard against… and take immediate action to solve the problem…
3.書信式
1) the reason for writing the letter
2) to offer the solution to the problem (what you have done or what you intend to do)
or to express your opinions
3)Restate the reason for writing or end the letter with:
I look forward to hearing from you in the future/ write soon/ look forward to your reply, etc.
2003年12月27日四級(jí)寫作范文
Part V Writing Directions: In this section you are required to write a letter in reply to a friend’s inquiry about applying for admission to your college or university. You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below:
1．建議報(bào)考的專業(yè)及理由；
2．報(bào)考該專業(yè)的基本條件；
3．應(yīng)當(dāng)如何備考。
A Letter of Reply to a Friend
December 27, 2003
Dear Wanglin,
When it comes to which major you should choose, I propose that you apply for the major of English.
To begin with, English is the most popular language in the world, which is widely used in all fields such as teaching, translation, foreign trade and so on. What’s more, it goes without saying that English majors are more likely to find a good job in the tighter and tighter job market.
In order to study at English Department, you have to meet the following requirements. In the first place, you have to spend a lot of time on it, just as the old saying goes, “Practice makes perfect”. In the second place, the basic skills of reading, writing, listening and speaking are necessary, because they are the foundations for your future study. Last but not the least important, you need an intense interest in learning English since “interest is the best teacher.” As far as the preparation work is concerned, you should first of all review all the required vocabulary.
In addition, you’d better spend some time on reading and writing. Only through these measures can you hope to enroll in our university. (193 words)
Yours
（注：字?jǐn)?shù)有些過多。同學(xué)們寫135詞左右即可。本文的連接詞非常重要，起到穿針引線的作用。另外，主語從句，定語從句，狀語從句，虛擬語氣，舉例，倒裝，引用諺語，承上啟下的用法等都是老師在課堂上所重點(diǎn)加以強(qiáng)調(diào)的。你看，用上了這些東西，自己再加一些簡單句，就可以很容易地寫出好文章。）
1. 比較結(jié)構(gòu)：
Compared with the bike, the car runs much faster.
In 1998 we produced as many computers as we did in the previous years.
People now enjoy a better life than before.
The harder you work at English, the greater progress you will make.
I prefer to work rather than to sit idly.
I prefer staying at home to going shopping on Sundays.
The population is rising while the natural resources are declining.
2. 關(guān)于利弊、優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)的句型
A has a lot of advantages over B.
Compared with B, A has many advantages.
be of benefit to sb./ sth. benefit sb./ sth. benefit from sth.
do a lot of good to be good for do damage to do harm to
be as good as; be not so good as
not so much…as…
3. 說明原因的句型
There are two (some, many)good reasons for sth./ to do sth.
Many factors may contribute to / account for this problems.
We have two good reasons for…
The reason for …is that…
The reason for … lies in many aspects.
4. 表示不同看法的句型
Different people have (hold ) different views/ opinions on this question/ problem/ matter/ issue. Some believe that… Others argue that… Still others maintain that…
People’s opinions on…vary from person to person.
They are quite different from each other in their opinions.
They think quite differently on this question.
5. 表示必須、緊急、有困難做某事
It’s important (necessary, urgent, desirable) for sb. to do sth.
It’s high time that we did sth. (注意that引導(dǎo)的從句要用虛擬語氣，動(dòng)詞用過去式)
have trouble / difficulty/ problem (in) doing sth. have trouble with sth.
6. 表示因果關(guān)系
The cause of / reason for higher prices was an increase in demand.
Because / As / Now that / Since the demand has increased, the prices are higher.
An increase in demand causes / results in / lead to / produces higher prices.
The demand has increased. Therefore, / As a result, / For this reason, / Consequently, the prices are higher.
If there is an increase in demand, then prices rise / go up / boost / will be higher.
7. 辯論中常用的句型
There is no doubt that…
It is obvious apparent that…/ It should be noted that…/ it shouldn’t be ignored that..
It is true that… but it doesn’t mean that…
As is known to all that…/ it goes without saying that… / No wonder that….
What’s more important,… / I’m convinced that…
8. 舉例
For example/ For instance… / Let’s have an example…
A case in point is that…
Another good example is that…
9. 諺語
As a popular saying goes, every coin has two sides.
As a proverb says, everything has two sides. On the one hand,… On the other hand,…, So we should look at the matter from different aspects.
As is known to all, no pains, no gains.
10. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型
Only in this way, can we do it well.
It was not until then that people began to realize the importance of controlling population.
II. Three Types of Compositions
1.提綱式
It Pays to Be Honest
(introduction) What is honesty? Honesty means speaking the truth and being fair and upright in act. Considered a virtue, it is admired in every country and every culture. He who lives and cheats is dishonest. Dishonesty is generally looked upon as an evil, and is despised and condemned by everyone.
(當(dāng)今社會(huì)上存在許多不誠實(shí)的現(xiàn)象。) However, there are people who try to get benefits by dishonest means. For example, some students copy the exercise done by others or cheat on examinations, in order to get good marks. The same thing may be said of a merchant who tries to get rich by deceiving customers. Those people may succeed for a time, but sooner or later, they will bring them nothing but troubles.
（誠實(shí)利人利己，做人應(yīng)該誠實(shí)。）As the English proverb goes, honesty is the best policy. For one thing, if you want to be trusted and respected by your friends, you must be honest. A liar is always looked down upon and avoided by the people around him. For another, if you want to succeed in your work, the first qualification you should have is honesty. Therefore, whatever your aim is, you must work honestly to attain it.
1 分析優(yōu)點(diǎn)\缺點(diǎn)
Positive and Negative Aspects of Sports
1.參加體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的好處。
2.但也有副作用。
3.你的體會(huì)。
The Two-Day Weekend
1. 雙休日給大學(xué)生帶來的好處。
2．雙休日可能給大學(xué)生到來的問題。
3．我應(yīng)當(dāng)怎樣過好雙休日。
Advantages and Disadvantages of Having Part-time Job
At present, more and more university students are doing part-time jobs. They work as family tutors, waiters, salesmen and so on. Like everything else, having a part-time job has both favorable and unfavorable aspects. Generally, the advantages can be listed as follows.
First, students can have the chance of earning pocket money and this can reduce their parents’ financial burden. In addition, they can put what they have learned in use. And most important of all, they can get some working experience and get to know the society. For example, they can learn to get along with people. That’s what can’t be learnt from books.
But every coin has two sides. The disadvantages of having a part-time job are also apparent. For part time jobs may take up too much time and energy, and may influence their study. (to begin with…to make matters worse…worst of all)
Through the above analysis, we can see that the positive aspects outweigh the negative ones. Therefore, students may benefit from their part-time jobs so long as they can keep a good balance between study and work.
2 My view on...
Reading Selectively Or Extensively
1. 有人認(rèn)為讀書要有選擇。
2. 有人認(rèn)為要博覽群書。
3. 我的看法。
Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary?
1． 很多人認(rèn)為有必要進(jìn)行英語口語考試，理由是……
2． 也有人持不同意見
3． 我的看法和打算
My View on Donating Blood
People’s views on donating blood vary from person to person. Some people think that it is glorious to donate blood. They hold this opinion because those who are in urgent need of blood can be saved. But others hold the opposite idea. In their opinion, blood is precious and blood donating may do harm to their health.
As to me, I agree with the first opinion. The reasons of my choices are as follows. First, while it is true that loss of too much blood is dangerous, it doesn’t mean that donating a little blood is harmful. On the contrary, doctors say that donating a little blood can help the body function better. Second, there is a short supply of blood in China, so it the duty of every citizen to donate their blood. If our little blood can pull back somebody on the way to death, will there be anything that can make me even happier.
Therefore, we should advocate blood donating.
1． 有人以收入豐厚為擇業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
2． 有人以自己是否喜愛為擇業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
3． 你的觀點(diǎn)是
Choosing a Profitable Job or a Job I Love
Nowadays, there is a contradiction about choosing a job profitable or a job I love. Some people hold the opinion that in such a competitive society, survival is the foremost and the most important of all. If one can’t afford himself, how can he choose something he likes to do? On the contrary, if one has high salary and enough money, he can do anything he wants to do. As a result, those people will try their best to find a profitable job.
At the same time, other people argue that human beings come to the world nakedly, and leave nakedly. The only thing they can do is to choose something they enjoy and job takes up 2/3 time of the life span, so why not do a job they love. How can one live his life just for money? “I prefer happiness than wealth.” Is those people’s motto.
In my opinion, not only does one live in the world for himself, but he has many responsibilities for his parents and others. So I think it crucial to have a profitable job.
Form my point of view, if I can’t find a job which is both profitable and interesting, I may choose the one I love, for I think money isn’t the only that is important, and I’d like to make my job a life long enjoyment.
3 how to… 如何解決？
How I Finance My College Education
1． 上大學(xué)的費(fèi)用（tuition and fees）可以通過多種途徑解決
2． 哪種途徑適合我
How to Eliminate Fake Diplomas
It is reported that the flooding of fake diplomas is becoming a serious social problem recently. When employers lay much emphasis on their candidates’ education background, different kinds of fake diplomas appear in society. It’s unfair that one fails to get his job just because his rival has got a fake diploma or certificate. Therefore, fake diplomas do harm to the job market.
Many ways can contribute to solving this serious problem, but the following ones may be most effective. First of all, companies and universities should have a close contact so that the fake diplomas can’t play tricks. Besides, the one who fabricates the fake diplomas should be severely punished by law and totally exposed through media. Finally, the one who uses a fake diploma should also be disqualified from the job market and be fined or punished by law. This may give a lesson to others.
These are not the best and the only measures we can take. But it’s high time we took actions to get rid of fake diplomas.
4 Why…分析原因 （必要性/危害性）
My Ideal Career
Why I Came to College
Why College Students Take a Part-Time Job
Why There Is a Boom in Adult Education
Chinese People are Living Longer
My Favorite TV Program Why I Take the College English Test Band Six
… there are many reasons/ causes for… but in general, they come down to three major ones. /// There are many factors that may account for/ contribute to the reason why…
For one thing…
for another…
perhaps the prime reason is that….
From the foregoing…
5比較
To Live in the City or in the Country
To Be a Small Fish in a Big Pond or a Big Fish in a Small Pond
To Live with Your Parents or to Live Alone
(兩者各有特點(diǎn)，比較起來我的選擇是……)
1) When you… you will be faced with the choice between…
2) First of all, A.. also, B…,
A… likewise B…
Despite their similarities, A and B are also different in many ways.
First A…h(huán)owever B
Besides A… in contrast B…
Perhaps the most striking difference is that…
* A(point 1, 2, 3); however/ in contrast B(point 1, 2, 3)
3) therefore your choice may depend on…, if you want… you may… if you want…,…may be a better choice.
So it is obvious that neither choice is sufficient to solve the problem. It’s better to combine the two…
Needless to say, compared with…, …may be a better choice for most people.
Exam-oriented or Quality-oriented Education
When we come to talk about education reform, it is inevitable to meet the choice between exam-oriented education and quality-oriented education. We ought to be regarded inconsiderate if we rushed our decision without comparing them.
To begin with, the purpose of both education methods is to impart knowledge to students. The exam-oriented education can enable students to remember a lot of information from books. However, the quality-oriented approach can help students learn from practice. Besides, the exam oriented way is to help students get high scores so that they can further their study in higher schools. In contrast, the quality-oriented education mainly aims at promoting students’ abilities. Finally, the most striking difference is that under the exam-oriented system, students have to learn passively regardless of interests while under the quality-oriented system, students can learn actively.
Therefore, it is not difficult to make a right choice now. That depends on our purpose of education and our criterion of evaluating a good student.
To Be a Small Fish in a Big Pond or a Big Fish in a Small Pond?
There are distinct differences between working in a large or small enterprise. In large enterprises, you can derive a deep sense of satisfaction from being a member of a well-known organization. You may get well paid, have better trainings and good working condition. And you can get in touch with advanced management.
In a small enterprise, you have bigger responsibilities and your decision may bring immediate effect. Normally you are exposed to various experiences and are expected to do a great many things without much help or guidance.
Personally I prefer to work in a small enterprise, where my prospect of promotion is good as long as I work hard. To tell you the truth, I’d rather become a well-known and important figure within my own small pond.
2.圖表式
1） 描述圖表，得出結(jié)論
描述圖表的內(nèi)容：
according the chart, we can see that
….has more than doubled, ….has greatly increased from 2% to 14%,
…h(huán)as decreased dramatically…
a marked change has taken place in…
…h(huán)as become a very serious social problem.
According to the figures shown in the table/ graph we can see / conclude that…
The graph shows / tells us/ reveals that…
As is shown/ can be seen in the chart, …
The table gives information about…
It can be seen from the statistics that…
The table represents the development and changes in agricultural structure in the past 30 years.
描述增減變化
There is a slight / slow / steady / rapid/ dramatic / drastic increase / decrease / decline / reduction / fall / drop in demand/ income/ population / prices / production.
… is on the rise / decline // increase/ decrease
compared with the number of 1986… it still increased by 3680, with an increasing proportion of 2%.
The number of … grew / rose / has increased / changed / goes up from … to…
The amount of … has more than doubled/ tripled…
tend to rise/ has a tendency to rise
The population will amount to 1200 million in 2020.
… while/ whereas…
描述時(shí)間
over the period from 1986~1994
in the past half century
in the 3 years spanning from 1985 through 1987
between 1987 and 1997Com
2）分析原因發(fā)表議論there are many factors leading to the change/ problem
3）提出建議或解決方法the change will be more obvious and greater
…. keep increasing…
…we should be on guard against… and take immediate action to solve the problem…
3.書信式
1) the reason for writing the letter
2) to offer the solution to the problem (what you have done or what you intend to do)
or to express your opinions
3)Restate the reason for writing or end the letter with:
I look forward to hearing from you in the future/ write soon/ look forward to your reply, etc.
2003年12月27日四級(jí)寫作范文
Part V Writing Directions: In this section you are required to write a letter in reply to a friend’s inquiry about applying for admission to your college or university. You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below:
1．建議報(bào)考的專業(yè)及理由；
2．報(bào)考該專業(yè)的基本條件；
3．應(yīng)當(dāng)如何備考。
A Letter of Reply to a Friend
December 27, 2003
Dear Wanglin,
When it comes to which major you should choose, I propose that you apply for the major of English.
To begin with, English is the most popular language in the world, which is widely used in all fields such as teaching, translation, foreign trade and so on. What’s more, it goes without saying that English majors are more likely to find a good job in the tighter and tighter job market.
In order to study at English Department, you have to meet the following requirements. In the first place, you have to spend a lot of time on it, just as the old saying goes, “Practice makes perfect”. In the second place, the basic skills of reading, writing, listening and speaking are necessary, because they are the foundations for your future study. Last but not the least important, you need an intense interest in learning English since “interest is the best teacher.” As far as the preparation work is concerned, you should first of all review all the required vocabulary.
In addition, you’d better spend some time on reading and writing. Only through these measures can you hope to enroll in our university. (193 words)
Yours
（注：字?jǐn)?shù)有些過多。同學(xué)們寫135詞左右即可。本文的連接詞非常重要，起到穿針引線的作用。另外，主語從句，定語從句，狀語從句，虛擬語氣，舉例，倒裝，引用諺語，承上啟下的用法等都是老師在課堂上所重點(diǎn)加以強(qiáng)調(diào)的。你看，用上了這些東西，自己再加一些簡單句，就可以很容易地寫出好文章。）