世界銀行(World Bank)近日在開羅發(fā)布的一項研究報告顯示，移民對勞動力輸出國家女孩的教育、醫(yī)療和生育率具有積極影響。
Migration has a positive impact on girls' education, healthcare and fertility rates in countries that export labour, according to a study by the World Bank published yesterday in Cairo.
"巴基斯坦等許多國家都重男輕女，因此男孩可以獲得更多家庭資源，"該報告的首席經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家及聯(lián)合主編莫里斯o希夫(Maurice Schiff)表示。"當(dāng)海外移民通過匯款使家庭獲得額外收入時，女孩往往能得到更多。"
"In a lot of countries, [such as] Pakistan, boys are favoured over girls, so they get a larger share of household resources," said Maurice Schiff, the lead economist and co-editor of the report. "When additional income comes to the family through remittances sent by a migrant abroad, more tends to go to girls."
研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在巴基斯坦，家庭中擁有一名移民工人會將女孩入學(xué)率提高多達(dá)54%，而男孩僅為7%。
The World Bank study found that, in Pakistan, the effect of having a migrant worker in the family was to increase female enrolment in schools by as much as 54 per cent, compared with just 7 per cent for boys.
其它研究結(jié)果顯示，移民家庭女孩的上學(xué)時間平均比非移民家庭的女孩長2年。移民對童工也有影響，因為如果孩子的父親在海外工作掙錢，兒童被送去打工的可能性就會減小，即使被送去打工，這些孩子的工作時間也會減少大約66%。
Other results showed that girls from migrant households stayed in school on average two years longer than those from non-migrant families. There was also an impact on child labour because children who had a father earning money abroad were less likely to be sent out to work and those who were, worked about 66 per cent less.
報告還發(fā)現(xiàn)，移民提高了巴基斯坦和中美洲移民兒童的身高和體重。
It also found that migration improved the height and weight of the children of Pakistani and central American migrants.
收入增加也意味著能夠更多地獲得醫(yī)療保障。在尼加拉瓜，匯款極大提高了醫(yī)生助產(chǎn)的可能性，這是降低母親死亡率的一個重要因素。
More money also meant better access to healthcare. In Nicaragua, remittances significantly improved the likelihood of doctor-assisted births, a big factor in reducing maternal mortality.
Migration has a positive impact on girls' education, healthcare and fertility rates in countries that export labour, according to a study by the World Bank published yesterday in Cairo.
"巴基斯坦等許多國家都重男輕女，因此男孩可以獲得更多家庭資源，"該報告的首席經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家及聯(lián)合主編莫里斯o希夫(Maurice Schiff)表示。"當(dāng)海外移民通過匯款使家庭獲得額外收入時，女孩往往能得到更多。"
"In a lot of countries, [such as] Pakistan, boys are favoured over girls, so they get a larger share of household resources," said Maurice Schiff, the lead economist and co-editor of the report. "When additional income comes to the family through remittances sent by a migrant abroad, more tends to go to girls."
研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在巴基斯坦，家庭中擁有一名移民工人會將女孩入學(xué)率提高多達(dá)54%，而男孩僅為7%。
The World Bank study found that, in Pakistan, the effect of having a migrant worker in the family was to increase female enrolment in schools by as much as 54 per cent, compared with just 7 per cent for boys.
其它研究結(jié)果顯示，移民家庭女孩的上學(xué)時間平均比非移民家庭的女孩長2年。移民對童工也有影響，因為如果孩子的父親在海外工作掙錢，兒童被送去打工的可能性就會減小，即使被送去打工，這些孩子的工作時間也會減少大約66%。
Other results showed that girls from migrant households stayed in school on average two years longer than those from non-migrant families. There was also an impact on child labour because children who had a father earning money abroad were less likely to be sent out to work and those who were, worked about 66 per cent less.
報告還發(fā)現(xiàn)，移民提高了巴基斯坦和中美洲移民兒童的身高和體重。
It also found that migration improved the height and weight of the children of Pakistani and central American migrants.
收入增加也意味著能夠更多地獲得醫(yī)療保障。在尼加拉瓜，匯款極大提高了醫(yī)生助產(chǎn)的可能性，這是降低母親死亡率的一個重要因素。
More money also meant better access to healthcare. In Nicaragua, remittances significantly improved the likelihood of doctor-assisted births, a big factor in reducing maternal mortality.