職稱英語指導(dǎo):語法知識(shí)——介詞的意義3

字號(hào):

3.表示原因的介詞
    for常常表示褒貶、獎(jiǎng)懲的原因或心理原因。
    They will reward you for your help.來源:考試大
    due to常常用來引導(dǎo)形容詞性的短語,作定語或表語。
    Mistakes due to carelessness may have serious consequences.
    from和out of常常表示動(dòng)機(jī)或原因;through表示消極或間接的原因。
    He feels weak from lack of sleep.
    He broke down through overwork.來源:考試大
    4.表示目的的介詞
    for表示擬定的接收人或目的;to表示實(shí)際的接收人或目的。
    I bought the gift for my little sister.
    I gave the gift to my little sister.來源:考試大
    for和to都可以引導(dǎo)目的地。For跟在含有出發(fā)或開始意義的動(dòng)詞后,如:leave, set out,start, depart, sail等;to跟在含有來來往往地行動(dòng)的意義的動(dòng)詞后,如:go, come, run ,walk,move, fly, drive, ride等。來源:考試大
    We have left for Hong Kong.
    He flew to America via Hong Kong.
    at表示起因;on表示依據(jù)。來源:考試大
    She is quite pleased at his help.
    Ken was arrested on a charge of that.
    at還可引導(dǎo)行為的目標(biāo)或精力的集中點(diǎn)。
    He shot at the bird.
    5.表示“關(guān)于……”的介詞
    一般about用于比較隨便的談話或非正式的文體;on用于正式的講話、著作或報(bào)告中;of用于動(dòng)詞talk, read, know, say, hear, boast等的后面。如:
    What are you talking about?來源:考試大
    A paper on serfdom in Russian
    In terms of natural resources
    6.表示原料的介詞
    of和out of表示制成品的材料仍保持原材料的性質(zhì);with表示制成產(chǎn)品的一種成分;from表示制成品已失去了原材料的性質(zhì);in表示制成品的材料的色調(diào)或特殊性。
    His house was built of brick.來源:考試大
    She made these toys out of old cigar-boxes.
    A fruitcake is made with fruit.
    Steel is made from iron.來源:考試大
    We have furniture of this design in oak and in walnut.