職稱英語指導(dǎo):語法知識(shí)——?jiǎng)釉~的-ed形式1

字號(hào):

一、作表語
    動(dòng)詞的-ed形式是動(dòng)詞的另一種非限定性形式,一般由動(dòng)詞加-ed構(gòu)成。-ed形式與-ing形式在句法功能上基本相同,從意義上看,兩者卻有差別:現(xiàn)在分詞與其邏輯主語之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,過去分詞與其邏輯主語之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系;現(xiàn)在分詞表示一般性或正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,而過去分詞則表示已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作。
    過去分詞作表語。如:來源:考試大
    We were very interested in the novel she gave us yesterday.
    我們對(duì)她昨天給我們的小說非常感興趣。
    She was quite frightened by the sudden noise outside the door.
    她被門外突然的吵鬧聲嚇住了。來源:考試大
    可以用作表語的常見過去分詞有:delighted, disappointed, upset, astonished, excited,frightened, experienced, interested, qualified, puzzled, exhausted, satisfied等。
    二、作賓語補(bǔ)語
    英語中可以帶-ed分詞作賓語補(bǔ)語的動(dòng)詞有:
    1.表示感覺和心理狀況的動(dòng)詞:think, hear, feel, see, watch等。如:
    I have never heard this song sung in English.
    我從來沒有聽到這首歌用英語唱過。來源:考試大
    2.表示使役的動(dòng)詞:get, let, make, help等。如:
    He made it known to everyone that he was right.
    他使每個(gè)人都明白他是對(duì)的。來源:考試大
    3.表示希望、要求等意義的動(dòng)詞:wish, want, like, order等。如:
    He wants his composition to be read by every classmate.
    他想每個(gè)同學(xué)都讀他的作文。