新東方TOEFL復(fù)習(xí)筆記(第二部分:語法筆記)4(2)

字號:

⑵在賓從中,某些及物動詞后可?。簊ay/
    see/know /here /think /believe /betold /understand / propose / hear
    ②prep+which+不完整句 X
    prep+what+完整句X
    when+n(孤立)X
    n+what X
    whose +v. X
    where+v. X
    ③狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞+完整句
    ④介詞+which+完整句
    連接副詞(that)+完整句
    ⑤如果先行詞中有序數(shù)詞、級、不定代詞、only中,只用that不用which
    8. 從句:從句是主句的一個句子成分,從句=從句引導(dǎo)詞+句子,從句引導(dǎo)詞表
    明從句的位置。
    ㈠主語從句:從句是主句的一個主語
    sub clause+v+obj
    從句引導(dǎo)詞+句子+v+obj → 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)形式
    That TOEFL is a piece of cake is known to all.
    ㈡賓語從句:從句是主語的賓語
    主語+謂語+從句
    sub+vt+從句引導(dǎo)詞+句子→ 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)形式
    We known that TOEFL is a piece of cake.
    ㈢表語從句:從句是主句的一個表語
    主+系+表
    sub+系動詞+從句引導(dǎo)詞+句子→ 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)形式
    The fact is that TOEFL is a piece of cake.
    ㈣狀語從句:從句是主句的一個狀語
    狀語。Svo.
    從句引導(dǎo)詞+句子,句子.→ 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)形式
    *引導(dǎo)詞決定句子的性質(zhì),如if是條件從句,when是時間從句等.
    ㈤同位語從句:從句是主語的同位語
    主語+謂語+賓語+從句  完整句
    sub+vt+obj(n.)+從句引導(dǎo)詞(ad)+句子→ 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)形式(賓同)
    We know the fact that TOEFL is a piece of cake.
    ㈥定語從句:從句是主句的一個定語(以賓語定語為例)
    s+v+n+從句引導(dǎo)詞(代詞)+不完整句→ 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)相識
    We know the fact that is not known to Jerry.
    四、介詞(講義33-43)
    1、through / throughout
    through 穿過(某一具體物體):through the earth
    通過(某一具體方式):through x-ray analysis
    throughout +時間:貫穿 throughout his lifetime/their existense
    +地點:遍布 throughout the world =all over the world = all across
    the world