托福語法題作題技巧(7)

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定語從句的關(guān)系代詞在從句中充當(dāng)主語時不能省略,充當(dāng)動詞賓語時可以省略,充當(dāng)介詞賓語時則分兩種情況:
    其一,介詞和介詞賓語在一起時不能省略。如:
    These committees provided a means by which the work Of the mayor and the city council could be shown to the public whenever it was necessary.
    其二,介詞和介詞賓語分開時則可以省略。如:
    Ih his later part Of life,the topic Of gardening became one Of those(which)he felt most interested in.
    ②引導(dǎo)表示時間、地點(diǎn)、原因等定語從句時,作為關(guān)系代詞的“when"、“where"、“why'在從句中不充當(dāng)成分.如:
    Some species Of birds are very keen to the places where they lay their eggs.
    ③有兩個例外"than"和“as”,有關(guān)內(nèi)容“口訣六”中已經(jīng)討論過。
    對于表中各項(xiàng)區(qū)別特征的掌握可以幫助我們提高作題速度和質(zhì)量。如:(23)Flag Day is a legal holiday only in the state Of Pennsylvania,——Betsy Ross sewed the first American flag.
    A.which B.where
    C.that D.has
    由于題干中有兩個句子,所以一定是缺少了“連詞”,“D”被排除了。由于空白處前面是個逗號,可以肯定是非限定性定語從句,這樣“C”被排除掉了。但從句中的主語和謂語部分已不缺少任何成分,所以答案只能是“B”。
    (24)Rice,which (it) still form the staple diet Of (much)Of the world's population,grows (best) in (hot),wet land.
    由于我們知道"which"定語從句中一定充當(dāng)句子成分,所以這一道題我們只需讀到“…staple diet"就可以了。句中“it..forms…diet"不缺少成分,沒有給"which"留下“位置”,顯然多出了一個成分,故“A”項(xiàng)為錯,是答案。
    口訣九 前有序數(shù)詞,后有不定式
    這一口訣的含義是:在托福語法題中,如果題干中出現(xiàn)了序數(shù)詞的話,那么“出題點(diǎn)”一般是圍繞后面的不定式。
    (25)At the Seventh International Ballet Competitions,F(xiàn)ernando Bujones won the first gold medal ever ——tO a United Stales male dancer,
    A.tO be awarded B.to award
    C.that awards D.should be awarding
    如果我們知道了上面的口訣,正確答案自然是在“A”、“B”之間。由于“B”、“C”的邏輯關(guān)系是一樣的,所以答案只能是“A”。
    口訣十 句守方位,限定詞,答案首詞是動詞
    這一口訣的含義是:在托福語法填空題中,如果句首出現(xiàn)的是否定詞-------not,never,seldom,rarely等;或方位狀語---------On the coast, In the corner等;那么正確答案的第一個詞一定是謂語動詞,而且一般是系動詞或不及物動詞.
    26)Off the coast of California---------,some Of which are very small.
    A.a(chǎn) number Of islands he
    B.1ie a number Of islands
    C.a(chǎn) number Of islands
    D.1ying a number Of islands
    根據(jù)上面的口訣,答案是“B”項(xiàng),一眼即可看出。