口訣四 一個逗號看對面,兩個逗號不用看
在作托福語法題時,標點符號也有著一定-----有時甚至是相當重要------的意義.譬如,分號,冒號之后都相當于另一個句子開始,這時彼此間的語法關系一般不需要再考慮.
------- Alexander Hamilton and John Adams wanted to have was almost the
same: a fairly centralized government for the newly established United States.
我們在解這道題時,無需考慮冒號后的句子成分,因為它對我們解決問題已不產生任何影響.這樣可以大大地簡化句法關系.在作托福語法題時,標點符號中意義或作用的要算逗號了.正確地判斷逗號所反映的關系時正確,快速解題的一個關鍵組成部分.在遇到逗號時,首先要確定"真逗號"還是"假逗號".有三種情況下的逗號應該被看作是"假逗號",對我們解題沒有意義,所以不予考慮:
1. 表示并列關系的逗號.如:
------ images out of clay, stone, and metal.
2. 大小時間單位和大小地名之間的逗號.如:
Boston, Massachusetts used to be the largest city.
3. 出現(xiàn)在句末的同位語.如:
The last groups of Indians were driven into North Dakota, a state in northwest U.S.A..
除此之外,逗號則為"真逗號".只有"真逗號"對于我們作題-----尤其是填空題----才具有意義,甚至是極大的幫助.
在填空題中,如題干中出現(xiàn)一個逗號,首先讀沒有空的部分并確定其在句中的作用,然后再考慮有空的部分,即"一個逗號看對面".如:
(11) ------ vastness of Grand Canyon, it is difficult to capture it in a single photograph.
A. While the B. The
C. For the D. Because of the
解這樣的題,我們就先從沒有空的那已部分開始;而且這個句子中的"對面"部分只需要讀兩個詞"it is"即可,因為從這兩個詞我們已經知道逗號之后是主句,從而可以確定逗號之前只能是從句或短語.按"口訣二"-----"去掉獨立成分"-----逗號前只剩下vastness,不可能是從句;
而for在句首一般只有一種情況"for all...",所以答案是D.
(12) Because of its importance in modern living,------ in all parts of the world.
A. algebra is studied in schools and colleges
B. studying algebra in schools and colleges
C. and the study of algebra in schools and colleges
D. in schools and colleges are algebra studies
這道題在經過"口訣二,四"處理后,題干沒有剩下任何成分!這就意味著正確答案必須是一個完整的句子,所以答案只能是A.
如果題干中出現(xiàn)了兩個"真逗號",而且空白出現(xiàn)在第一個逗號之前或第二個逗號之后,那么兩個逗號之間的部分一般可以不考慮,并按無逗號處理.即"兩個逗號不用看".
(13) Willa Cather considered her novel of life in nineteenth-century Nebraska, My Antonia,------- .
A. was her best work
B. her best work
C. her best work it was
D. being her best work
上句在經過"口訣二,四"處理后,題干只剩下"Willa Cather considered her novel------ ".顯然缺少的是"賓語補足語",我們很容易選中正確答案B.
口訣五 兩逗之間有三種:分詞,同位,非限定
在作托福語法題時,標點符號也有著一定-----有時甚至是相當重要------的意義.譬如,分號,冒號之后都相當于另一個句子開始,這時彼此間的語法關系一般不需要再考慮.
------- Alexander Hamilton and John Adams wanted to have was almost the
same: a fairly centralized government for the newly established United States.
我們在解這道題時,無需考慮冒號后的句子成分,因為它對我們解決問題已不產生任何影響.這樣可以大大地簡化句法關系.在作托福語法題時,標點符號中意義或作用的要算逗號了.正確地判斷逗號所反映的關系時正確,快速解題的一個關鍵組成部分.在遇到逗號時,首先要確定"真逗號"還是"假逗號".有三種情況下的逗號應該被看作是"假逗號",對我們解題沒有意義,所以不予考慮:
1. 表示并列關系的逗號.如:
------ images out of clay, stone, and metal.
2. 大小時間單位和大小地名之間的逗號.如:
Boston, Massachusetts used to be the largest city.
3. 出現(xiàn)在句末的同位語.如:
The last groups of Indians were driven into North Dakota, a state in northwest U.S.A..
除此之外,逗號則為"真逗號".只有"真逗號"對于我們作題-----尤其是填空題----才具有意義,甚至是極大的幫助.
在填空題中,如題干中出現(xiàn)一個逗號,首先讀沒有空的部分并確定其在句中的作用,然后再考慮有空的部分,即"一個逗號看對面".如:
(11) ------ vastness of Grand Canyon, it is difficult to capture it in a single photograph.
A. While the B. The
C. For the D. Because of the
解這樣的題,我們就先從沒有空的那已部分開始;而且這個句子中的"對面"部分只需要讀兩個詞"it is"即可,因為從這兩個詞我們已經知道逗號之后是主句,從而可以確定逗號之前只能是從句或短語.按"口訣二"-----"去掉獨立成分"-----逗號前只剩下vastness,不可能是從句;
而for在句首一般只有一種情況"for all...",所以答案是D.
(12) Because of its importance in modern living,------ in all parts of the world.
A. algebra is studied in schools and colleges
B. studying algebra in schools and colleges
C. and the study of algebra in schools and colleges
D. in schools and colleges are algebra studies
這道題在經過"口訣二,四"處理后,題干沒有剩下任何成分!這就意味著正確答案必須是一個完整的句子,所以答案只能是A.
如果題干中出現(xiàn)了兩個"真逗號",而且空白出現(xiàn)在第一個逗號之前或第二個逗號之后,那么兩個逗號之間的部分一般可以不考慮,并按無逗號處理.即"兩個逗號不用看".
(13) Willa Cather considered her novel of life in nineteenth-century Nebraska, My Antonia,------- .
A. was her best work
B. her best work
C. her best work it was
D. being her best work
上句在經過"口訣二,四"處理后,題干只剩下"Willa Cather considered her novel------ ".顯然缺少的是"賓語補足語",我們很容易選中正確答案B.
口訣五 兩逗之間有三種:分詞,同位,非限定