答案及解析：來源：考試大
1．文章標(biāo)題分析：New York -- the melting pot
借助文章開頭相關(guān)的語句進(jìn)一步了解文章的標(biāo)題/中心：
Recently the Department of Planning of New York issued a report which laid bare a full scale of change of the city. In 1970, 18 percent of the city’s population was foreign-born. By 1995, the figure had risen to 33 percent, and another 20 percent were the US-born offspring of immigrants. So immigrants and their children now form a majority of the city’s population.(提示：可借助簡(jiǎn)單句句意獲知文章標(biāo)題—中心)
補(bǔ)充：來源：考試大
Bare adj.赤*的, 無遮蔽的, 空的
Synonyms: naked, open
e.g. a bare room （沒有家具的）空房間
on a large scale大規(guī)模
2．接看問題句和備選項(xiàng)，注意它們的句意和用詞的特點(diǎn)。
1．The report（核心詞） issued by the Department of Planning of New York（特征結(jié)構(gòu)/線索結(jié)構(gòu)）_____.來源：考試大
A. put forward ways to control New York’s population.
B. concerned itself with the growth of New York’s population.
C. studied the structure of New York’s population.
D. suggested ways to increase New York’s population.
C．分析：發(fā)現(xiàn)備選項(xiàng)都包含“population”，利用題干中的線索結(jié)構(gòu)作為答案線索，這樣發(fā)現(xiàn)答案相關(guān)句：
Recently the Department of Planning of New York issued a report which laid bare a full scale of change of the city. In 1970, 18 percent of the city’s population was foreign-born. By 1995, the figure had risen to 33 percent, and another 20 percent were the US-born offsprings （子孫）of immigrants. So immigrants and their children now form a majority of the city’s population.
發(fā)現(xiàn)在相關(guān)句所在的段落中主要提到了人口的組成，所以C是答案。
考點(diǎn)：考察考生的總結(jié)歸納能力。
出題點(diǎn)：段落中的總結(jié)歸納句—通常由so, thus, therefore, accordingly, consequently, as a result, in consequence, hence等引導(dǎo)。
補(bǔ)充：
Majority n （常與of連用）多數(shù)；半數(shù)以上
e.g. The majority of children in our class have brown eyes
我們班大多數(shù)孩子是棕色眼睛。
比較：minority n.少數(shù), 少數(shù)民族
major n.<美>[教]主修課adj.主修的vi.主修
major in主修
minor n. 副修科目 adj.較小的, 次要的, 二流的vi.輔修
2. According to the second paragraph, which of the following is true of the immigrants in New York (核心結(jié)構(gòu))?
A. One can not find his place in New York unless he is ready to work.
B. They found life in New York harder than in their own countries.
C. Most of them have difficulty finding jobs.
D. One can live on welfare if he does not want to work. *
A．分析：注意到備選項(xiàng)主要涉及到移民的生活/工作問題, 所以注意段落中出現(xiàn)的有關(guān)“工作”或“生活”方面的內(nèi)容，這樣發(fā)現(xiàn)答案相關(guān)句：
Who are these New Yorkers? Why do they come here? Where are they form? (OK, time to drop the “they”. I’m one of them. The last question at least is easy to answer: we come from everywhere. In the list of the top 20 source nations of those sending immigrants to New York between 1990 and 1994 are six countries in Asia, five in the Caribbean, four in Latin America, three in Europe, plus Israel and the former Soviet Union. ) And when we immigrants get here we roll up our sleeves. “If you’re not ready to work when you get to New York,” says a friend of mine, “you’d better hit the road（開始流浪）.”（畫線句的內(nèi)容與A一致）（提示：可以借助相臨語句的句意獲得對(duì)復(fù)雜句子句意的理解）
考點(diǎn)：短語hit the road
出題點(diǎn)：包含特殊詞匯或特殊短語或句子結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的句子。
補(bǔ)充：來源：考試大
roll up ones sleeve v.卷起袖子, 準(zhǔn)備行動(dòng)
hit the road v.開始流浪
3. The mayor of New York （線索結(jié)構(gòu)）considers immigration to be ____.
A. a big problem in the management of the city.
B. a push needed to develop the city.
C. a cause of disintegration （瓦解）of the city’s social structure.
D. an obstacle to the development of the city.*
B．分析：首先判斷D的說法違背常識(shí)，判斷它不是答案。利用mayor of New York和 immigration和作為答案線索，發(fā)現(xiàn)答案相關(guān)句：
The mayor of New York once said, “Immigration continues to shape the unique character and drive the economic engine of New York City.” He believes that immigrants are at the heart of what makes New York great. （畫線句的句意B的含義一致。）
考點(diǎn)：對(duì)畫線結(jié)構(gòu)（比喻結(jié)構(gòu)）的理解。
出題點(diǎn)：包含特殊詞匯或特殊短語或句子結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的句子。
補(bǔ)充：
make/keep/leave + o. + adj.
e.g. make me happy/sad; keep healthy/alive; leave the door open;
4. Where are the New Yorkers from?
A. Asia.
B. Europe.
C. All over the world.來源：考試大
D. Latin America.
分析：該題是細(xì)節(jié)題，順著上題的答案位置往下，發(fā)現(xiàn)答案相關(guān)句：
Who are these New Yorkers? Why do they come here? Where are they from? (OK, it’s time to drop the “they”. I’m one of them. The last question at least is easy to answer: we come from everywhere（與C含義一致）
考點(diǎn)：考察代詞they的指代內(nèi)容。
出題點(diǎn)：包含代詞的句子結(jié)構(gòu)。
5. What is the author’s attitude towards immigration to New York?
A. Negative.
B. Worried.
C. Indifferent.
D. Positive.來源：考試大
D．分析：遇到問及文章主題的題時(shí)，注意從文章的開頭和/或結(jié)尾中找答案線索。
（文章后一句）Since these immigrants are purposeful and hard working, they will help America to make a fresh start in the next century.（從該句的時(shí)態(tài)（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)陳述客觀事實(shí)）和句意上能直接得出結(jié)論）
1．文章標(biāo)題分析：New York -- the melting pot
借助文章開頭相關(guān)的語句進(jìn)一步了解文章的標(biāo)題/中心：
Recently the Department of Planning of New York issued a report which laid bare a full scale of change of the city. In 1970, 18 percent of the city’s population was foreign-born. By 1995, the figure had risen to 33 percent, and another 20 percent were the US-born offspring of immigrants. So immigrants and their children now form a majority of the city’s population.(提示：可借助簡(jiǎn)單句句意獲知文章標(biāo)題—中心)
補(bǔ)充：來源：考試大
Bare adj.赤*的, 無遮蔽的, 空的
Synonyms: naked, open
e.g. a bare room （沒有家具的）空房間
on a large scale大規(guī)模
2．接看問題句和備選項(xiàng)，注意它們的句意和用詞的特點(diǎn)。
1．The report（核心詞） issued by the Department of Planning of New York（特征結(jié)構(gòu)/線索結(jié)構(gòu)）_____.來源：考試大
A. put forward ways to control New York’s population.
B. concerned itself with the growth of New York’s population.
C. studied the structure of New York’s population.
D. suggested ways to increase New York’s population.
C．分析：發(fā)現(xiàn)備選項(xiàng)都包含“population”，利用題干中的線索結(jié)構(gòu)作為答案線索，這樣發(fā)現(xiàn)答案相關(guān)句：
Recently the Department of Planning of New York issued a report which laid bare a full scale of change of the city. In 1970, 18 percent of the city’s population was foreign-born. By 1995, the figure had risen to 33 percent, and another 20 percent were the US-born offsprings （子孫）of immigrants. So immigrants and their children now form a majority of the city’s population.
發(fā)現(xiàn)在相關(guān)句所在的段落中主要提到了人口的組成，所以C是答案。
考點(diǎn)：考察考生的總結(jié)歸納能力。
出題點(diǎn)：段落中的總結(jié)歸納句—通常由so, thus, therefore, accordingly, consequently, as a result, in consequence, hence等引導(dǎo)。
補(bǔ)充：
Majority n （常與of連用）多數(shù)；半數(shù)以上
e.g. The majority of children in our class have brown eyes
我們班大多數(shù)孩子是棕色眼睛。
比較：minority n.少數(shù), 少數(shù)民族
major n.<美>[教]主修課adj.主修的vi.主修
major in主修
minor n. 副修科目 adj.較小的, 次要的, 二流的vi.輔修
2. According to the second paragraph, which of the following is true of the immigrants in New York (核心結(jié)構(gòu))?
A. One can not find his place in New York unless he is ready to work.
B. They found life in New York harder than in their own countries.
C. Most of them have difficulty finding jobs.
D. One can live on welfare if he does not want to work. *
A．分析：注意到備選項(xiàng)主要涉及到移民的生活/工作問題, 所以注意段落中出現(xiàn)的有關(guān)“工作”或“生活”方面的內(nèi)容，這樣發(fā)現(xiàn)答案相關(guān)句：
Who are these New Yorkers? Why do they come here? Where are they form? (OK, time to drop the “they”. I’m one of them. The last question at least is easy to answer: we come from everywhere. In the list of the top 20 source nations of those sending immigrants to New York between 1990 and 1994 are six countries in Asia, five in the Caribbean, four in Latin America, three in Europe, plus Israel and the former Soviet Union. ) And when we immigrants get here we roll up our sleeves. “If you’re not ready to work when you get to New York,” says a friend of mine, “you’d better hit the road（開始流浪）.”（畫線句的內(nèi)容與A一致）（提示：可以借助相臨語句的句意獲得對(duì)復(fù)雜句子句意的理解）
考點(diǎn)：短語hit the road
出題點(diǎn)：包含特殊詞匯或特殊短語或句子結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的句子。
補(bǔ)充：來源：考試大
roll up ones sleeve v.卷起袖子, 準(zhǔn)備行動(dòng)
hit the road v.開始流浪
3. The mayor of New York （線索結(jié)構(gòu)）considers immigration to be ____.
A. a big problem in the management of the city.
B. a push needed to develop the city.
C. a cause of disintegration （瓦解）of the city’s social structure.
D. an obstacle to the development of the city.*
B．分析：首先判斷D的說法違背常識(shí)，判斷它不是答案。利用mayor of New York和 immigration和作為答案線索，發(fā)現(xiàn)答案相關(guān)句：
The mayor of New York once said, “Immigration continues to shape the unique character and drive the economic engine of New York City.” He believes that immigrants are at the heart of what makes New York great. （畫線句的句意B的含義一致。）
考點(diǎn)：對(duì)畫線結(jié)構(gòu)（比喻結(jié)構(gòu)）的理解。
出題點(diǎn)：包含特殊詞匯或特殊短語或句子結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的句子。
補(bǔ)充：
make/keep/leave + o. + adj.
e.g. make me happy/sad; keep healthy/alive; leave the door open;
4. Where are the New Yorkers from?
A. Asia.
B. Europe.
C. All over the world.來源：考試大
D. Latin America.
分析：該題是細(xì)節(jié)題，順著上題的答案位置往下，發(fā)現(xiàn)答案相關(guān)句：
Who are these New Yorkers? Why do they come here? Where are they from? (OK, it’s time to drop the “they”. I’m one of them. The last question at least is easy to answer: we come from everywhere（與C含義一致）
考點(diǎn)：考察代詞they的指代內(nèi)容。
出題點(diǎn)：包含代詞的句子結(jié)構(gòu)。
5. What is the author’s attitude towards immigration to New York?
A. Negative.
B. Worried.
C. Indifferent.
D. Positive.來源：考試大
D．分析：遇到問及文章主題的題時(shí)，注意從文章的開頭和/或結(jié)尾中找答案線索。
（文章后一句）Since these immigrants are purposeful and hard working, they will help America to make a fresh start in the next century.（從該句的時(shí)態(tài)（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)陳述客觀事實(shí)）和句意上能直接得出結(jié)論）