練習(xí)：
1. What effect does nevirapine have?
A It is a broad-spectrum antibiotic and kills all kinds of bacteria.
B It is an antiviral preparation and kills all kinds of viruses.
C It prevents the transmission of the AIDS virus and protects one from heart attack.
D It may prevent passing HIV infection from mothers on to their newborns during delivery.
2. Why does HIV resistance against nevirapine build very quickly even when the drug is used alone just once?
A Because the drug is not strong enough to kill all of the HIV in the body.
B Because there may not be a susceptibility test before using the drug.
C Because other drugs are not present to kill the virus particles that survive nevirapine.
D Because there are too many mutations of HIV for nevirapine to deal with.
3. When may a woman start her nevirapine-based treatment if she gets the single dose of nevirapine at delivery ?
A She may start nevirapine-based treatment soon after her delivery.
B She may start nevirapine-based treatment within six months after her delivery.
C She has to wait at least six months after that nevirapine exposure.
D She may wait several years so as to achieve the best effect.
4. We may learn from this passage that HIV resistance against nevirapine
A lasts only for about a half year and fades quickly.
B will last forever in a woman who took nevirapine.
C is a terrible drug that must be banned at once.
D is a problem too difficult to be solved.
5. Generally speaking, the author's attitude towards the use of nevirapine is
A negative
B positive
C uncertain
D doubtful
答案與題解：
1．D 第一段第一句及第二段第二句均提到nevirapine可以防止母親在分娩時將HIV病毒傳染給新生兒的問題，故D項是正確答案。
2．C 第三段第一句說，即使單獨使用nevirapine一次，HIV病毒也會很快產(chǎn)生對nevirapine的抗藥性，原因就是沒有其他藥物可以殺死nevirapine還沒有殺死的病毒顆粒，這正是C項的內(nèi)容。
3．C 第四段第二句說到，等待的時間最短可到六個月，第五段第一句又說，最少等待六個月的婦女，她們以nevirapine為主的藥物綜合治療的療效要比等待不足六個月的婦女高70％，可見C項“最少要等待六個月”是正確答案。
4．A 第一段第三句說到抗藥性存在的時間并不長，第四段第二句又說等待的時間可以短至六個月，另外，文章的標(biāo)題也說抗藥性很快消失，可見A項是正確選項，其他各項文章均未提及。
5．B 第一段是文章的提要，最能說明作者觀點，其中最后一句就明確提到，已經(jīng)服用 nevirapine的已感染上HIV的母親們不應(yīng)該放棄服用這種能用得起的藥物。而且通篇文章都在探討如何更有效地利用此藥物，因此作者對使用此藥的態(tài)度應(yīng)該是“積極的、肯定的”。
1. What effect does nevirapine have?
A It is a broad-spectrum antibiotic and kills all kinds of bacteria.
B It is an antiviral preparation and kills all kinds of viruses.
C It prevents the transmission of the AIDS virus and protects one from heart attack.
D It may prevent passing HIV infection from mothers on to their newborns during delivery.
2. Why does HIV resistance against nevirapine build very quickly even when the drug is used alone just once?
A Because the drug is not strong enough to kill all of the HIV in the body.
B Because there may not be a susceptibility test before using the drug.
C Because other drugs are not present to kill the virus particles that survive nevirapine.
D Because there are too many mutations of HIV for nevirapine to deal with.
3. When may a woman start her nevirapine-based treatment if she gets the single dose of nevirapine at delivery ?
A She may start nevirapine-based treatment soon after her delivery.
B She may start nevirapine-based treatment within six months after her delivery.
C She has to wait at least six months after that nevirapine exposure.
D She may wait several years so as to achieve the best effect.
4. We may learn from this passage that HIV resistance against nevirapine
A lasts only for about a half year and fades quickly.
B will last forever in a woman who took nevirapine.
C is a terrible drug that must be banned at once.
D is a problem too difficult to be solved.
5. Generally speaking, the author's attitude towards the use of nevirapine is
A negative
B positive
C uncertain
D doubtful
答案與題解：
1．D 第一段第一句及第二段第二句均提到nevirapine可以防止母親在分娩時將HIV病毒傳染給新生兒的問題，故D項是正確答案。
2．C 第三段第一句說，即使單獨使用nevirapine一次，HIV病毒也會很快產(chǎn)生對nevirapine的抗藥性，原因就是沒有其他藥物可以殺死nevirapine還沒有殺死的病毒顆粒，這正是C項的內(nèi)容。
3．C 第四段第二句說到，等待的時間最短可到六個月，第五段第一句又說，最少等待六個月的婦女，她們以nevirapine為主的藥物綜合治療的療效要比等待不足六個月的婦女高70％，可見C項“最少要等待六個月”是正確答案。
4．A 第一段第三句說到抗藥性存在的時間并不長，第四段第二句又說等待的時間可以短至六個月，另外，文章的標(biāo)題也說抗藥性很快消失，可見A項是正確選項，其他各項文章均未提及。
5．B 第一段是文章的提要，最能說明作者觀點，其中最后一句就明確提到，已經(jīng)服用 nevirapine的已感染上HIV的母親們不應(yīng)該放棄服用這種能用得起的藥物。而且通篇文章都在探討如何更有效地利用此藥物，因此作者對使用此藥的態(tài)度應(yīng)該是“積極的、肯定的”。