直接解題:
1. What are researchers interested in (對...感興趣)doing as(當(dāng), 與...一樣, 盡管, 因為) the road accidents(事故) worldwide increase to (增加到...)a shocking(令人震驚的) rate?
A. they are developing(研制, 發(fā)展) faster electric vehicles(電動汽車)
B. they are analyzing(分析) road deaths occurring(發(fā)生) worldwide every year(每年).
C. they focus their research(研究) on (把...集中在...)safety and new fuels
D. they are designing(設(shè)計) fully(完全地) automatic(自動的, 機械的) cars
C. 解析: 問題問“當(dāng)世界范圍內(nèi)的道路事故發(fā)生率增加到了一個令人震驚的數(shù)量時, 研究者們對做什么產(chǎn)生了興趣?”被選項C直接與文章主題呼應(yīng)(第1段第2句是答案相關(guān)句), 所以C是答案。
解題思路2: 問題句中出現(xiàn)了修飾詞語(worldwide, shocking), 利用這些修飾結(jié)構(gòu)作為答案線索, 這樣在文章中找到答案相關(guān)句:
1.2 million road deaths(死亡) worldwide(世界范圍地, 世界范圍的) occur(發(fā)生) each year(每年), plus(加上) a further(更多的, 更遠(yuǎn)的) 50 million injuries(傷害). To reduce(減少) car crash(撞車) rate, much research (與標(biāo)題中的technology呼應(yīng))now is focused on(關(guān)注...) safety(安全) and new fuels(燃料) – though some electric vehicle(電動汽車) and biofuel(生物燃料) research aims at(致力于) going(駕駛) faster.
第1段第1句是答案相關(guān)句(worldwide直接出現(xiàn),該句隱含shocking (rate)),但是該句并沒有說“研究者們在做什么”, 因此關(guān)注后面的句子。 接下來的一句說“為了減少車禍發(fā)生率, 現(xiàn)在許多研究關(guān)注汽車的安全性和新型燃料的使用”,該句內(nèi)容與C呼應(yīng), 因此C是答案。
考點: 文章主題句。
提示: 當(dāng)問題句及被選項中出現(xiàn)了修飾詞語/結(jié)構(gòu)(修飾名詞的形容詞, 修飾動詞, 形容詞和副詞的副詞), 則常常可以利用這些詞語/結(jié)構(gòu)作為答案線索, 在文章中查找答案相關(guān)句, 從而快速確認(rèn)答案。
2. According to (根據(jù))the second(第2) paragraph(段落), most(大所的, 大部分的) road accidents happen(發(fā)生)
A. because drivers fall asleep(入睡, fall ill/生病, fall in love with sb./愛上某人)
B. because drivers(司機) make mistakes(犯錯誤)
C. because of engine(發(fā)動機) failure(失靈, 失敗)
D. because of speeding(超速行駛)
B.解析:問題問“根據(jù)第2段, 大多數(shù)車禍發(fā)生是因為...” 利用問題句中的修飾詞most作為答案線索, 這樣在文章中找到答案相關(guān)句(該段最后一句句子)Traveling(開快車) at speed(飛快地) has always(總是, 始終) been risky(危險的). One cutting edge area (最先進(jìn)領(lǐng)域)of research in motoring safety is the use of digital(數(shù)字的) in-car assistants(輔助裝置). They can ensure(確保) you don’t miss(錯過, 思念) crucial(非常重要的) road signs(標(biāo)記, 符號, 跡象) or fall asleep. The use of artificial intelligence software allows these assistants to monitor your driving and makes sure your phone or radio doesn’t distract you at a vital moment. Most crashes(與most road accidents呼應(yīng)) result from(由...而產(chǎn)生) human and not mechanical(機械的) faults(錯誤, 故障).該句說“大多數(shù)的撞車事故造成的原因是由于人為的錯誤而不是由機械故障”, 因此B是答案。
3. Which of the safety developments is NOT mentioned(提到) in the passage(段落)?
A. radars (雷達(dá))that can help drivers to see obstacles(障礙物) in fog(霧)
B. devices(裝置) that help drivers to see through(透視) big vehicles(車輛)
C. improvements in seat belts(安全帶), pedal controls and tyres輪胎
D. windscreens(擋風(fēng)玻璃) that can help drivers to improve their vision(視野)
D. 解析: 問題問“下列哪項安全技術(shù)在段落中沒有被提到?”問題句中沒有詞語或結(jié)構(gòu)可作為答案線索, 因此關(guān)注被選項, 被選項中均涉及到細(xì)節(jié)信息, 因此分別利用被選項中的細(xì)節(jié)信息詞作為答案線索(A: radar, B: devices to see through big vechles; C: seat belt, pedal controls, tyres; D: windscreens), 在文章中查找與被選項分別形成呼應(yīng)的句子, 這樣在文章中找到答案相關(guān)句:
提示: 當(dāng)問題句及被選項中出現(xiàn)了反映細(xì)節(jié)信息的詞語或結(jié)構(gòu)時, 往往可以利用這些細(xì)節(jié)信息詞語/結(jié)構(gòu)作為答案相關(guān)句, 在文章中找到對應(yīng)的答案相關(guān)句。
Some safety developments aim to improve your vision. Radar(雷達(dá)) can spot(發(fā)現(xiàn), 認(rèn)出) obstacles(障礙物) in fog(霧)(與A一致), while other technology “sees through(透視, 看穿)” high-sided(有邊的) vehicles blocking(阻礙) your view(視線, 觀點, 景色, 觀察)(與B一致).
And improvements(改善, 改進(jìn)) to seat belts(安全帶), pedal(腳踏板) controls(控制裝置, 控制) and tyres (輪胎)are making driving smoother(平穩(wěn)的, 平滑的) and safer(安全的)(與C一致). The color of a car has been found to be linked
with safety, as have, less surprisingly, size and shape.
選項A, B和C在文章中都有呼應(yīng)的信息, 只有D沒有呼應(yīng)的信息(D中的windscreens), 因此D是答案。
4. What is NOT the purpose(目的) of innovations(改革, 創(chuàng)新) that use satellite(人造衛(wèi)星) tracking(跟蹤) and remote(遙遠(yuǎn)的, 偏僻的, 遠(yuǎn)程的) communications(通訊)?
A. to prevent(防止) car thieves(小偷) from getting into(進(jìn)入) your car
B. to call for (要求, 提倡)help(幫助) when one’s car crashes(碰撞, 墜毀)
C. to call for help when the car gets (變得, 獲得, 受到(懲罰, 打擊), 染上(疾?。﹋ammed(擁擠,擠壓,果醬) in the traffic(車流, 交通)
D. to track the car down (追捕到...)when it is being stolen(偷竊)
C. 解析: 問題問“下列那項不是使用人造衛(wèi)星跟蹤和遠(yuǎn)程通訊這些革新技術(shù)的目的?”問題句中出現(xiàn)了細(xì)節(jié)信息結(jié)構(gòu)(satellite tracking和 remote communications)作為答案線索, 這樣在文章中找到答案相關(guān)句:But whatever(無論什么) is in the fuel tank(油箱), you don’t want a thief(小偷) in the driving seat(駕駛座位) and there have been many innovations, some using satellite tracking and remote communications, to fight against(同...作斗爭,防御) car theft. These communication systems(系統(tǒng)) can also come into play (起作用)if you crash(撞車), automatically(自動地) calling for(要求, 提倡) help.
答案相關(guān)句說“一些革新技術(shù)使用衛(wèi)星和遠(yuǎn)程通訊來防御汽車盜賊(與A和D呼應(yīng)), 如果你撞了車,這些通訊系統(tǒng)也能起作用: 它能自動尋求幫助(與B呼應(yīng))”, 因此C是答案。
考點: 代詞的指代內(nèi)容(some, these (communication systems)), 現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)(some using satellite tracking...), 動詞短語(fight against, come into play)
5 What is true of(符合...)robotic(機器人) drivers?
A. it will take(花費(時間), 得到, 拿走) some time before(在...之前) robotic drivers can be put to practical use(在實際生活中使用...)
B. robotic drivers are not allowed(允許) to drive on busy(繁忙的) roads
C. robotic drivers can never(不能) replace(替代) human drivers
D. robotic drivers are too expensive(昂貴的) to(太...而不能...) use
A. 解析: 問題問“下列哪個說法與文章中關(guān)于機器人駕駛員的說法一致?” 結(jié)合文章主題(安全駕車技術(shù))排除C 和D(與文章主題偏離較遠(yuǎn)), 借助常識排除B(機器人駕車應(yīng)該更精確, 所以更能處理如在繁忙路段駕車這樣的復(fù)雜問題), 因此推測A可能是答案.
解題思路2: 利用問題句中的細(xì)節(jié)信息結(jié)構(gòu)(robotic drivers)作為答案線索, 在文章中找到答案相關(guān)句:
Accidents cause many traffic jams, but there are more subtle interplays between vehicles that can cause jams even on a clear but busy road, such jams can be analyzed using statistical tools. Robotic (機器人的)drivers could be programmed(編程) to make traffic(交通, 車流) flow(流動, 泛濫) smoothly and will perhaps(可能) one day be everyone’s personal chauffeur(司機), but(但是) their latest(最新) efforts (成就, 努力)suggest(暗示, 建議) that won’t be soon(立刻, 不久).
答案相關(guān)句說“可以對機器人駕駛員編程, 從而使車流順暢, 將來可能有一天機器人將成為人們的專門司機, 但是最新的成就顯示這不會很快實現(xiàn)”。該句內(nèi)容與A一致。
考點: 考察代詞(that)的指代內(nèi)容。提示:如果答案相關(guān)句中含有but, however等引導(dǎo)的轉(zhuǎn)折結(jié)構(gòu), 則直接考點往往在該轉(zhuǎn)折結(jié)構(gòu)處。
1. What are researchers interested in (對...感興趣)doing as(當(dāng), 與...一樣, 盡管, 因為) the road accidents(事故) worldwide increase to (增加到...)a shocking(令人震驚的) rate?
A. they are developing(研制, 發(fā)展) faster electric vehicles(電動汽車)
B. they are analyzing(分析) road deaths occurring(發(fā)生) worldwide every year(每年).
C. they focus their research(研究) on (把...集中在...)safety and new fuels
D. they are designing(設(shè)計) fully(完全地) automatic(自動的, 機械的) cars
C. 解析: 問題問“當(dāng)世界范圍內(nèi)的道路事故發(fā)生率增加到了一個令人震驚的數(shù)量時, 研究者們對做什么產(chǎn)生了興趣?”被選項C直接與文章主題呼應(yīng)(第1段第2句是答案相關(guān)句), 所以C是答案。
解題思路2: 問題句中出現(xiàn)了修飾詞語(worldwide, shocking), 利用這些修飾結(jié)構(gòu)作為答案線索, 這樣在文章中找到答案相關(guān)句:
1.2 million road deaths(死亡) worldwide(世界范圍地, 世界范圍的) occur(發(fā)生) each year(每年), plus(加上) a further(更多的, 更遠(yuǎn)的) 50 million injuries(傷害). To reduce(減少) car crash(撞車) rate, much research (與標(biāo)題中的technology呼應(yīng))now is focused on(關(guān)注...) safety(安全) and new fuels(燃料) – though some electric vehicle(電動汽車) and biofuel(生物燃料) research aims at(致力于) going(駕駛) faster.
第1段第1句是答案相關(guān)句(worldwide直接出現(xiàn),該句隱含shocking (rate)),但是該句并沒有說“研究者們在做什么”, 因此關(guān)注后面的句子。 接下來的一句說“為了減少車禍發(fā)生率, 現(xiàn)在許多研究關(guān)注汽車的安全性和新型燃料的使用”,該句內(nèi)容與C呼應(yīng), 因此C是答案。
考點: 文章主題句。
提示: 當(dāng)問題句及被選項中出現(xiàn)了修飾詞語/結(jié)構(gòu)(修飾名詞的形容詞, 修飾動詞, 形容詞和副詞的副詞), 則常常可以利用這些詞語/結(jié)構(gòu)作為答案線索, 在文章中查找答案相關(guān)句, 從而快速確認(rèn)答案。
2. According to (根據(jù))the second(第2) paragraph(段落), most(大所的, 大部分的) road accidents happen(發(fā)生)
A. because drivers fall asleep(入睡, fall ill/生病, fall in love with sb./愛上某人)
B. because drivers(司機) make mistakes(犯錯誤)
C. because of engine(發(fā)動機) failure(失靈, 失敗)
D. because of speeding(超速行駛)
B.解析:問題問“根據(jù)第2段, 大多數(shù)車禍發(fā)生是因為...” 利用問題句中的修飾詞most作為答案線索, 這樣在文章中找到答案相關(guān)句(該段最后一句句子)Traveling(開快車) at speed(飛快地) has always(總是, 始終) been risky(危險的). One cutting edge area (最先進(jìn)領(lǐng)域)of research in motoring safety is the use of digital(數(shù)字的) in-car assistants(輔助裝置). They can ensure(確保) you don’t miss(錯過, 思念) crucial(非常重要的) road signs(標(biāo)記, 符號, 跡象) or fall asleep. The use of artificial intelligence software allows these assistants to monitor your driving and makes sure your phone or radio doesn’t distract you at a vital moment. Most crashes(與most road accidents呼應(yīng)) result from(由...而產(chǎn)生) human and not mechanical(機械的) faults(錯誤, 故障).該句說“大多數(shù)的撞車事故造成的原因是由于人為的錯誤而不是由機械故障”, 因此B是答案。
3. Which of the safety developments is NOT mentioned(提到) in the passage(段落)?
A. radars (雷達(dá))that can help drivers to see obstacles(障礙物) in fog(霧)
B. devices(裝置) that help drivers to see through(透視) big vehicles(車輛)
C. improvements in seat belts(安全帶), pedal controls and tyres輪胎
D. windscreens(擋風(fēng)玻璃) that can help drivers to improve their vision(視野)
D. 解析: 問題問“下列哪項安全技術(shù)在段落中沒有被提到?”問題句中沒有詞語或結(jié)構(gòu)可作為答案線索, 因此關(guān)注被選項, 被選項中均涉及到細(xì)節(jié)信息, 因此分別利用被選項中的細(xì)節(jié)信息詞作為答案線索(A: radar, B: devices to see through big vechles; C: seat belt, pedal controls, tyres; D: windscreens), 在文章中查找與被選項分別形成呼應(yīng)的句子, 這樣在文章中找到答案相關(guān)句:
提示: 當(dāng)問題句及被選項中出現(xiàn)了反映細(xì)節(jié)信息的詞語或結(jié)構(gòu)時, 往往可以利用這些細(xì)節(jié)信息詞語/結(jié)構(gòu)作為答案相關(guān)句, 在文章中找到對應(yīng)的答案相關(guān)句。
Some safety developments aim to improve your vision. Radar(雷達(dá)) can spot(發(fā)現(xiàn), 認(rèn)出) obstacles(障礙物) in fog(霧)(與A一致), while other technology “sees through(透視, 看穿)” high-sided(有邊的) vehicles blocking(阻礙) your view(視線, 觀點, 景色, 觀察)(與B一致).
And improvements(改善, 改進(jìn)) to seat belts(安全帶), pedal(腳踏板) controls(控制裝置, 控制) and tyres (輪胎)are making driving smoother(平穩(wěn)的, 平滑的) and safer(安全的)(與C一致). The color of a car has been found to be linked
with safety, as have, less surprisingly, size and shape.
選項A, B和C在文章中都有呼應(yīng)的信息, 只有D沒有呼應(yīng)的信息(D中的windscreens), 因此D是答案。
4. What is NOT the purpose(目的) of innovations(改革, 創(chuàng)新) that use satellite(人造衛(wèi)星) tracking(跟蹤) and remote(遙遠(yuǎn)的, 偏僻的, 遠(yuǎn)程的) communications(通訊)?
A. to prevent(防止) car thieves(小偷) from getting into(進(jìn)入) your car
B. to call for (要求, 提倡)help(幫助) when one’s car crashes(碰撞, 墜毀)
C. to call for help when the car gets (變得, 獲得, 受到(懲罰, 打擊), 染上(疾?。﹋ammed(擁擠,擠壓,果醬) in the traffic(車流, 交通)
D. to track the car down (追捕到...)when it is being stolen(偷竊)
C. 解析: 問題問“下列那項不是使用人造衛(wèi)星跟蹤和遠(yuǎn)程通訊這些革新技術(shù)的目的?”問題句中出現(xiàn)了細(xì)節(jié)信息結(jié)構(gòu)(satellite tracking和 remote communications)作為答案線索, 這樣在文章中找到答案相關(guān)句:But whatever(無論什么) is in the fuel tank(油箱), you don’t want a thief(小偷) in the driving seat(駕駛座位) and there have been many innovations, some using satellite tracking and remote communications, to fight against(同...作斗爭,防御) car theft. These communication systems(系統(tǒng)) can also come into play (起作用)if you crash(撞車), automatically(自動地) calling for(要求, 提倡) help.
答案相關(guān)句說“一些革新技術(shù)使用衛(wèi)星和遠(yuǎn)程通訊來防御汽車盜賊(與A和D呼應(yīng)), 如果你撞了車,這些通訊系統(tǒng)也能起作用: 它能自動尋求幫助(與B呼應(yīng))”, 因此C是答案。
考點: 代詞的指代內(nèi)容(some, these (communication systems)), 現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)(some using satellite tracking...), 動詞短語(fight against, come into play)
5 What is true of(符合...)robotic(機器人) drivers?
A. it will take(花費(時間), 得到, 拿走) some time before(在...之前) robotic drivers can be put to practical use(在實際生活中使用...)
B. robotic drivers are not allowed(允許) to drive on busy(繁忙的) roads
C. robotic drivers can never(不能) replace(替代) human drivers
D. robotic drivers are too expensive(昂貴的) to(太...而不能...) use
A. 解析: 問題問“下列哪個說法與文章中關(guān)于機器人駕駛員的說法一致?” 結(jié)合文章主題(安全駕車技術(shù))排除C 和D(與文章主題偏離較遠(yuǎn)), 借助常識排除B(機器人駕車應(yīng)該更精確, 所以更能處理如在繁忙路段駕車這樣的復(fù)雜問題), 因此推測A可能是答案.
解題思路2: 利用問題句中的細(xì)節(jié)信息結(jié)構(gòu)(robotic drivers)作為答案線索, 在文章中找到答案相關(guān)句:
Accidents cause many traffic jams, but there are more subtle interplays between vehicles that can cause jams even on a clear but busy road, such jams can be analyzed using statistical tools. Robotic (機器人的)drivers could be programmed(編程) to make traffic(交通, 車流) flow(流動, 泛濫) smoothly and will perhaps(可能) one day be everyone’s personal chauffeur(司機), but(但是) their latest(最新) efforts (成就, 努力)suggest(暗示, 建議) that won’t be soon(立刻, 不久).
答案相關(guān)句說“可以對機器人駕駛員編程, 從而使車流順暢, 將來可能有一天機器人將成為人們的專門司機, 但是最新的成就顯示這不會很快實現(xiàn)”。該句內(nèi)容與A一致。
考點: 考察代詞(that)的指代內(nèi)容。提示:如果答案相關(guān)句中含有but, however等引導(dǎo)的轉(zhuǎn)折結(jié)構(gòu), 則直接考點往往在該轉(zhuǎn)折結(jié)構(gòu)處。