答案及解析：來源：考試大
1．文章主題分析：The First Settlement in North America
It is very difficult to say just when colonization （殖民地）began．The first hundred years after Christopher Columbus’s journey of discovery in 1492 did not produce（any settlement (居民點)on the North America continent but rather some Spanish trading posts further south，
Rather: adv.寧可, 更愿意地, 更確切地；更精確地, 相當?shù)貋碓矗嚎荚嚧?BR> I'd rather go to the movies.我寧愿去看電影
He's my friend, or rather he was my friend.
他是我的朋友，不過更確切地說，他曾經(jīng)是我的朋友
rather cold.相當寒冷來源：考試大
2. 直接解題：來源：考試大
1．We know for sure that colonization began at the end of the 15th century．
A．right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
B．分析：文章第一句的含義（很難說出殖*動開始于什么時候）正好與該句的句意矛盾。所以答案為B。
for sure adv.確實來源：考試大
2．Among the early settlers in South America in the 16th century were Spanish traders．
A．right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
來源：考試大
A．分析：題干中出現(xiàn)的細節(jié)信息較多，因此考慮把題干中的信息進行劃分：劃分成2層： the early settlers in South America in the 16th century + were Spanish traders （= Spanish traders are among the early settlers），并利用題干中出現(xiàn)的特征信息： in the 16th century作為答案線索，這樣發(fā)現(xiàn)答案相關(guān)句：
It is very difficult to say just when colonization began．The first hundred years after Christopher Columbus’s journey of discovery in 1492 did not produce any settlement on the North America continent but rather some Spanish trading posts further south（從該結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)容可以推出題干中的第1層和第2層信息），a great interest in gold and adventure，and some colorful crimes in which the English had their part．
來源：考試大
3． With John Cabot’s arrival at an island off the New England coast in 1497,the British Crown claimed to be the legal owner of North America．
A．right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
4．There were eighteen people on board the Matthew during its voyage to North America in 1497．
A．right B．Wrong C．NOt mentioned
B．分析：題干中出現(xiàn)的細節(jié)信息較多，因此考慮把題干中的信息進行劃分：劃分成2層：There were eighteen people on board the Matthew + during its voyage to North America in 1497, 并利用題干中出現(xiàn)的特征信息：eighteen people, he Matthew和 in 1497作為答案線索，這樣發(fā)現(xiàn)答案相關(guān)句：
John Cabot, originally from Genoa but a citizen of Venice，was established as a trader in Bristol，England, when he made a journey in 1497(根據(jù)該結(jié)構(gòu)不能判斷信息2是否正確)．But his ship, the Matthew，with its crew of eighteen（該結(jié)構(gòu)揭示的含義是“有18名水手”與信息1中提到的“船上有18人”不一致，因為肯定John Cabot本人也在船上）, did no more than see an island (probably off the New England coast)and return home．He and his son made further voyages across the north Atlantic ...
5．The first attempt made by European people to settle down permanently in North America occurred in the 1580s．
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
來源：考試大
A．分析：題干中出現(xiàn)的細節(jié)信息較多，因此考慮把題干中的信息進行劃分：劃分成2層：The first attempt made by European people to settle down permanently in North America + （The first attempt）occurred in the 1580s，并利用題干中出現(xiàn)的特征信息：1580s 和European people 作為答案線索，并注意題干中的修飾詞first 和permanently，這樣發(fā)現(xiàn)答案相關(guān)句：
The first beginning of permanent settlement in North America were nearly a hundred years after Columbus’s first voyage（Christopher Columbus’s journey of discovery in 1492）（該句內(nèi)容基本上與信息1和信息2的內(nèi)容一致，但信息1中提到的“歐洲人試圖定居下來的嘗試”在該句中找不到相關(guān)內(nèi)容）．The Englishman Sir Walter Raleigh claimed the whole of North America for England，calling it Virginia．In 1585 he sent a small group of people who landed in Roanoke Island，but they stayed only for a year and then went back to England with another expedition, led by Drake，in 1587．（這些劃線句反映的內(nèi)容都是英國人（歐洲人）（（爵士） Walter Raleigh）帶領(lǐng)下的登陸定居嘗試。）因此，可見題干中所反映的內(nèi)容在文章中都有呼應(yīng)，因此判斷該題的答案是正確。
6．The name Virginia was given to North America by Sir Walter Raleigh． ．
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
來源：考試大
A．分析：該句內(nèi)容較單一，因此直接看成1層信息。利用題干中出現(xiàn)的特征詞Virginia和Sir Walter Raleigh作為答案線索，這樣找到答案相關(guān)句：
A second group who landed in 1587 had all disappeared when a further expedition arrived in 1590．
The first permanent settlement in North America was in 1607. English capitalists founded two Virginia companies，a southern one based in London and a northern one based in Bristol..
文章結(jié)尾處沒有出現(xiàn)題干中的另一個核心詞，因此回頭看前文，這樣發(fā)現(xiàn)直接答案相關(guān)句：
（第2段）The Englishman Sir Walter Raleigh claimed the whole of North America for England，calling it Virginia該句句意與題干內(nèi)容完全一致，因此判斷該題的說法正確。
來源：考試大
7．The name New England was given to the northern area of North America by the boss of one of the two Virginia companies．
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
C．分析：題干中出現(xiàn)的細節(jié)信息較多，因此考慮把題干中的信息進行劃分：劃分成2層：The name New England was given to the northern area of North America + （given）by the boss of one of the two Virginia companies，利用題干中出現(xiàn)的特征詞New England和 two Virginia companies作為答案線索，這樣發(fā)現(xiàn)答案相關(guān)句：
English capitalists founded two Virginia companies，a southern one based in London and a northern one based in Bristol．It was decided to give the name New England to the northern area．(根據(jù)該句句意不能判斷出信息2中提到的“由兩家維吉尼亞公司中的命名”是否正確。)，因此判斷該問題句的說法為“沒提到”。
The first settlers in Virginia were little more than wage slaves’to the company．..
1．文章主題分析：The First Settlement in North America
It is very difficult to say just when colonization （殖民地）began．The first hundred years after Christopher Columbus’s journey of discovery in 1492 did not produce（any settlement (居民點)on the North America continent but rather some Spanish trading posts further south，
Rather: adv.寧可, 更愿意地, 更確切地；更精確地, 相當?shù)貋碓矗嚎荚嚧?BR> I'd rather go to the movies.我寧愿去看電影
He's my friend, or rather he was my friend.
他是我的朋友，不過更確切地說，他曾經(jīng)是我的朋友
rather cold.相當寒冷來源：考試大
2. 直接解題：來源：考試大
1．We know for sure that colonization began at the end of the 15th century．
A．right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
B．分析：文章第一句的含義（很難說出殖*動開始于什么時候）正好與該句的句意矛盾。所以答案為B。
for sure adv.確實來源：考試大
2．Among the early settlers in South America in the 16th century were Spanish traders．
A．right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
來源：考試大
A．分析：題干中出現(xiàn)的細節(jié)信息較多，因此考慮把題干中的信息進行劃分：劃分成2層： the early settlers in South America in the 16th century + were Spanish traders （= Spanish traders are among the early settlers），并利用題干中出現(xiàn)的特征信息： in the 16th century作為答案線索，這樣發(fā)現(xiàn)答案相關(guān)句：
It is very difficult to say just when colonization began．The first hundred years after Christopher Columbus’s journey of discovery in 1492 did not produce any settlement on the North America continent but rather some Spanish trading posts further south（從該結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)容可以推出題干中的第1層和第2層信息），a great interest in gold and adventure，and some colorful crimes in which the English had their part．
來源：考試大
3． With John Cabot’s arrival at an island off the New England coast in 1497,the British Crown claimed to be the legal owner of North America．
A．right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
4．There were eighteen people on board the Matthew during its voyage to North America in 1497．
A．right B．Wrong C．NOt mentioned
B．分析：題干中出現(xiàn)的細節(jié)信息較多，因此考慮把題干中的信息進行劃分：劃分成2層：There were eighteen people on board the Matthew + during its voyage to North America in 1497, 并利用題干中出現(xiàn)的特征信息：eighteen people, he Matthew和 in 1497作為答案線索，這樣發(fā)現(xiàn)答案相關(guān)句：
John Cabot, originally from Genoa but a citizen of Venice，was established as a trader in Bristol，England, when he made a journey in 1497(根據(jù)該結(jié)構(gòu)不能判斷信息2是否正確)．But his ship, the Matthew，with its crew of eighteen（該結(jié)構(gòu)揭示的含義是“有18名水手”與信息1中提到的“船上有18人”不一致，因為肯定John Cabot本人也在船上）, did no more than see an island (probably off the New England coast)and return home．He and his son made further voyages across the north Atlantic ...
5．The first attempt made by European people to settle down permanently in North America occurred in the 1580s．
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
來源：考試大
A．分析：題干中出現(xiàn)的細節(jié)信息較多，因此考慮把題干中的信息進行劃分：劃分成2層：The first attempt made by European people to settle down permanently in North America + （The first attempt）occurred in the 1580s，并利用題干中出現(xiàn)的特征信息：1580s 和European people 作為答案線索，并注意題干中的修飾詞first 和permanently，這樣發(fā)現(xiàn)答案相關(guān)句：
The first beginning of permanent settlement in North America were nearly a hundred years after Columbus’s first voyage（Christopher Columbus’s journey of discovery in 1492）（該句內(nèi)容基本上與信息1和信息2的內(nèi)容一致，但信息1中提到的“歐洲人試圖定居下來的嘗試”在該句中找不到相關(guān)內(nèi)容）．The Englishman Sir Walter Raleigh claimed the whole of North America for England，calling it Virginia．In 1585 he sent a small group of people who landed in Roanoke Island，but they stayed only for a year and then went back to England with another expedition, led by Drake，in 1587．（這些劃線句反映的內(nèi)容都是英國人（歐洲人）（（爵士） Walter Raleigh）帶領(lǐng)下的登陸定居嘗試。）因此，可見題干中所反映的內(nèi)容在文章中都有呼應(yīng)，因此判斷該題的答案是正確。
6．The name Virginia was given to North America by Sir Walter Raleigh． ．
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
來源：考試大
A．分析：該句內(nèi)容較單一，因此直接看成1層信息。利用題干中出現(xiàn)的特征詞Virginia和Sir Walter Raleigh作為答案線索，這樣找到答案相關(guān)句：
A second group who landed in 1587 had all disappeared when a further expedition arrived in 1590．
The first permanent settlement in North America was in 1607. English capitalists founded two Virginia companies，a southern one based in London and a northern one based in Bristol..
文章結(jié)尾處沒有出現(xiàn)題干中的另一個核心詞，因此回頭看前文，這樣發(fā)現(xiàn)直接答案相關(guān)句：
（第2段）The Englishman Sir Walter Raleigh claimed the whole of North America for England，calling it Virginia該句句意與題干內(nèi)容完全一致，因此判斷該題的說法正確。
來源：考試大
7．The name New England was given to the northern area of North America by the boss of one of the two Virginia companies．
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
C．分析：題干中出現(xiàn)的細節(jié)信息較多，因此考慮把題干中的信息進行劃分：劃分成2層：The name New England was given to the northern area of North America + （given）by the boss of one of the two Virginia companies，利用題干中出現(xiàn)的特征詞New England和 two Virginia companies作為答案線索，這樣發(fā)現(xiàn)答案相關(guān)句：
English capitalists founded two Virginia companies，a southern one based in London and a northern one based in Bristol．It was decided to give the name New England to the northern area．(根據(jù)該句句意不能判斷出信息2中提到的“由兩家維吉尼亞公司中的命名”是否正確。)，因此判斷該問題句的說法為“沒提到”。
The first settlers in Virginia were little more than wage slaves’to the company．..