很多次當(dāng)我看見native speaker的美文時,都忍不住在欣賞的同時暗暗揣摩他們的構(gòu)思、文法和譴詞造句的功底,譬如J.K Rowling筆下的人物一個個都如此栩栩如生,她用詞千變?nèi)f化,引人入勝。那么,是不是我們就無法達(dá)到這樣的境界呢?答案當(dāng)然是否定的拉!我曾看過一篇某高校非英語專業(yè)學(xué)生的文章,文筆和意境都讓我自嘆不如,汗。。。 所以只要下了工夫,用心鉆研,一定是會有回報的哦!我相信通過日積月累的不斷學(xué)習(xí),大家都能用英語寫出讓老外驚羨的漂亮文章!!
我的寫作老師曾大力推薦過我現(xiàn)在所參考和使用的這本寫作書,那么就讓我們從最簡單的開始,共同學(xué)習(xí)北外前輩們的智慧成果吧:
第三期:好的句子 I
1.完整
完整是好句子的第一要點。一個完整的句子表達(dá)單一的完整的思想,它不包含并不緊密相關(guān)的意思,也不表達(dá)本身不完整的思想。
Faulty: Du Fu was one of the greatest poets.
Revised: Du Fu was one of the greatest poets of the Tang Period.
第一句話有毛病,因為所表達(dá)的思想并不完整:時代和國家都沒有提到。
加了the Tang Period句子的意思就清楚了:我們都知道唐是中國歷的一個朝代。
2.連貫
連貫是指句子各部分之間清楚而合理的聯(lián)系。句子中的詞語和部分應(yīng)恰當(dāng)?shù)劂暯?,它們之間的關(guān)系應(yīng)十分清楚。不連貫的句子通常有以下幾種毛?。浩叫薪Y(jié)構(gòu)有缺點,代詞指代不清楚,修飾語和被修飾語的關(guān)系不明確,在人稱、數(shù)、語態(tài)、時態(tài)或語氣上有混亂之處。
Faulty: A man is judged not only by what he says but also by his deeds.
Revised: A man is judged not only by what he says but also by what he does.
A man is judged not only by his words but also by his deeds.
平行的意思用平行的結(jié)構(gòu)來表達(dá)。此句中的what he says與his deeds在形式上不平行,所以應(yīng)改動其中之一。
Faulty: To get ready for the trip, all the things she needed were put into a suitcase.
Revised: To get ready for the trip, she put all the things she needed into a suitcase.
此句中有所謂的“懸垂”修飾語(To get…)。它與所要修飾的名詞或代詞沒有結(jié)構(gòu)上的聯(lián)系。那個名詞或代詞有時甚至不在句中;即使在句中,也不應(yīng)被現(xiàn)有的修飾語所修飾。因為用了“懸垂”修飾語,這種句子就缺少連貫性,也就讓人難以理解了。
Faulty: The idea he mentioned at first sounded good.
Revised: The idea he first mentioned sounded good.
The idea he mentioned sounded good at first.
此句中的at first即可修飾mentioned,又可修飾sounded,這種摸棱兩可的修飾應(yīng)該避免。
這期的作業(yè):
1.請改正以下病句:
·Faulty: We thought she was charming, intelligent, and a very capable young woman.
·Faulty: He was knocked down by a bicycle, but it was not serious.
2.請在改正以上答案的基礎(chǔ)上,任意挑選一句作為文章的開頭寫一篇60字左右的短文。內(nèi)容可以自由發(fā)揮:)
參考答案:
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1. We thought she was charming, intelligent, and very capable.
We thought she was a charming, intelligent and very capable young woman.
2. He was knocked down by a bicycle, but was not badly hurt.
短文略。

