2009年四六級(jí)英語(yǔ)熱門(mén)單詞背誦第十一期

字號(hào):

★¨ foundation
    n. ①【pl.】地基
    ∠The workers are laying the foundations of a building.工人們正在給房子打地基。
    ②基礎(chǔ),基本原理,根據(jù)
    ∠The rumour is without foundation in fact.
    ③基金會(huì)
    ∠non-profit foundation公益基金
    ④建立,設(shè)立,創(chuàng)辦
    ∠The foundation of P.R.China was in 1949.中華人民共和國(guó)建立于1949年。
    → found(詞根)基礎(chǔ)〓foundation基礎(chǔ),地基;成立,建立,創(chuàng)辦
    ★¨ involve
    vt. ①包含,含有
    ∠Taking this job involves living abroad.接受這份工作就必須去國(guó)外居住。
    ②使卷入,使參與
    ∠This project is so complicated that hundreds of people will be involved in the whole range of work.這項(xiàng)工程如此復(fù)雜,以致成百上千的人將參加到工作的全過(guò)程中去。
    ③牽涉 我要收藏
    ∠The changes in the business involve the interests of all stock owners.營(yíng)業(yè)上的變化要牽涉所有股東的利益。
    → involve的被動(dòng)形式表上“卷入…,專(zhuān)心做…,牽涉到…”,其形式為be (get) involved in; involve 后接動(dòng)名詞時(shí)表示“涉及…”,其形式為involve doing sth.
    ∠Not long ago, a person whom I know very well was involved in an accident.
    不久前,我的一位熟人卷入勒一場(chǎng)糾紛中。
    → volve(詞根)轉(zhuǎn),卷〓involve卷入,陷入
    ★¨ lightning
    n. 閃電
    ∠lightning arrester 避雷器| lightning bug <美> 螢火蟲(chóng)
    ★¨ leak
    v. ①(使)漏,(使)滲出
    ∠a damaged reactor leaking radioactivity into the atmosphere一座損壞的向大氣泄露放射性物質(zhì)的反應(yīng)堆
    ②泄露,走漏
    ∠The policeman leaked classified information to a reporter.警察將機(jī)密情報(bào)透露給勒記者。
    n. ①漏洞,裂縫
    ∠A small leak will sink a great ship.小患不治成大災(zāi)。
    ②泄漏,漏出量
    ∠equipment used in cleaning up oil leaks用來(lái)清除漏油的設(shè)備 我要收藏
    ③(消息等的)走漏
    ∠Sometimes we can’t respond to stories based on leaks.有時(shí)候我們不該對(duì)泄漏出去的消息做出反應(yīng)。
    ★¨ behavior
    n.①行為,舉止,表現(xiàn)
    ∠artificial behavior 矯揉造作的舉止
    ②(機(jī)器等的)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)情況,(事物的)反應(yīng)
    ∠The ship’s behavior was satisfactory on its trial run.那艘船在試航時(shí)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)情況令人滿(mǎn)意。  
    ★¨ community
    n. ①社區(qū),社會(huì)
    ∠He belongs to the Chinese community in Ottawa.他是渥太華華人社區(qū)的一份子。
    ②團(tuán)體,界
    ∠She joined the community of retired persons in 2001.她于2001年加入勒這個(gè)退休人員社團(tuán)。
    ③(動(dòng)植物的)群落
    ∠animal community動(dòng)物群落.
    → muni(詞根) 服務(wù)〓community社區(qū)  
    ★¨ maintain
    vt. ①維持,保持(同義:remain, keep, hold, preserve; 反義:abandon) 我要收藏
    ∠Only on unusual occasions do the police carry small arms to maintain public order.只有在非常情況下,警察才會(huì)攜帶小型武器維持公共秩序。
    ②維修,保養(yǎng)
    ∠The railway is maintained with public funds.這條鐵路靠公款養(yǎng)護(hù)。
    ③堅(jiān)持,主張
    ∠Each driver maintains that the accident was the other’s fault.每個(gè)司機(jī)都堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為事故是對(duì)方的責(zé)任。
    ④ 贍養(yǎng);負(fù)擔(dān)
    ∠This poor old woman had to maintain the high lifestyle of her son until he started a job.這位不幸的老婦人不得不在她兒子找到工作之前一直供養(yǎng)他。
    需要注意:                  
    ※ behavior 指行為,品行,態(tài)度。指有意或無(wú)意的行為、舉止或活動(dòng),可以視為是個(gè)性的自然表現(xiàn),也可認(rèn)為是培養(yǎng)的結(jié)果。
    ∠A recent investigation by scientists shows that strange animal behavior might help predict earthquakes.
    最近科學(xué)家們的調(diào)查表明,動(dòng)物的反常行為可能有助于預(yù)測(cè)地震。
    ※ conduct 指行為,表現(xiàn),進(jìn)行,管理。這種行為含有較深的道德責(zé)任的意味,因而指品行,而behavior則可用于指動(dòng)物乃至物質(zhì)的行為、活動(dòng)。
    ∠The prisoner was released early because of good conduct.這罪犯因表現(xiàn)良好而被提前釋放。
    ※ manner 指舉止,態(tài)度,方式,風(fēng)格,禮貌。指做某事及某事發(fā)生的方式、途徑,待人接物的舉止或態(tài)度。多用單數(shù),復(fù)數(shù)往往表示禮貌
    ∠He has a very rude manner which keeps himself away from other people.他舉止粗魯,使得人們不愿和他接近。