練習(xí)5. 白蟻之害
* 你知道白蟻之害嗎？一座大廈如果有了白蟻，不加防治，不到十年時間，里面的地板壁板，都會蛀蝕一空。一般的房屋受了嚴(yán)重的蟻害，有的還會突然倒塌下來，傷了性命。電桿被白蟻蛀蝕，一般兩三年就要換一次。船只有了白蟻，輕的會將貨物蛀爛，重的會使船沉沒。鐵路枕木如果受白蟻侵蝕，火車就有出軌的危險。白蟻這種害蟲，實(shí)在是相當(dāng)可惡的。在我們的社會里，則有另一種“白蟻”。前些日子報載吉林省外貿(mào)局副局長王震宇利用職權(quán)，大慷國家之慨，吃喝玩樂，請客送禮，浪費(fèi)驚人，不也是一種“白蟻”之害嗎？
白蟻
* [termite] 等翅目的一種像螞蟻的昆蟲,群居,取食木材,對森林、建筑、橋梁等為害極大
*White ants
*害: harm; harmfulness; destruction, destructiveness, destructivity
The Destructiveness of Termites
Termites are destructive
The Destructive Termites
你知道白蟻之害嗎？
*譯文: Do you know how destructive termites are?
*Do you know termites are destructive?
* Have you heard of destruction by termites?
一座大廈如果有了白蟻，不加防治，不到十年時間，里面的地板 、壁板，都會蛀蝕一空。
*大廈: edifice, high-rise, mansion, tall building
* 有了白蟻: 這里似乎有“白蟻泛濫成災(zāi)”或“鬧蟻災(zāi)”的意思, be infested with ,be rampant with
* 一座大廈如果有了白蟻，不加防治:
*防治: prevent and control; check
*(如果）不加防治: 加以: 對……進(jìn)行 (無需翻譯)
*不到: less than; fewer than; with ten years
*地板: wooden floor
*壁板: wall paneling
*蛀蝕: bore, worm-eaten; moth-eaten; eat away, damage
*一空: 一點(diǎn)不剩 nothing is left; …to nothing ; with nothing left; eat away all…
參考譯文
If a tall building were infested with termites and nothing were done to prevent and control them, the entire wooden floor and wall paneling inside it would have been eaten away in less than ten years.
一般的房屋受了嚴(yán)重的蟻害，有的還會突然倒塌下來，傷了性命。
*受了……害: be infested with; be affected by; suffer (severe damage) from; termite-ridden(充滿……的), be invaded by
一般的房屋受了嚴(yán)重的蟻害，有的還會突然倒塌下來，傷了性命。
*一般的房屋(如果)受了嚴(yán)重的蟻害: 此句為條件關(guān)系. Ordinary houses
*另外可以把“有的”與“一般的房屋”合起來，變成 “some of the ordinary houses might collapse if heavily damaged by termites.
一般的房屋受了嚴(yán)重的蟻害，有的還會突然倒塌下來，傷了性命。
“會”字的翻譯: will, would, can, could, may, might
*倒塌: collapse, topple, crumble
*傷了性命: cause death; cause a loss of life *參考譯文:
*1. If seriously damaged, some houses of the ordinary kind might topple, causing deaths.
*2. If ordinary houses suffered from termite attack, some would collapse, killing people inside.
*3. Some of the ordinary houses damaged by termites might collapse, causing casualties.
電桿被白蟻蛀蝕，一般兩三年就要換一次。
*電桿: wire pole，不能譯成electric pole(帶電的桿子）
*一般: usually; as a rule ; ordinary; common; generally speaking;
*更換: substitute; replace
電桿被白蟻蛀蝕，一般兩三年就要換一次。
*Generally speaking, termite-eaten wire poles ought to be replaced every two or three years.
*Wire poles would have to be replaced at two or three years’ interval due to damage by termites.
船只有了白蟻，輕的會將貨物蛀爛，重的會使船沉沒。
*此句可以理解為:如果白蟻在船上輕微泛濫, 貨物會被蛀爛, 如果嚴(yán)重泛濫, 會使船沉沒.
(1.) If slightly damaged by termite eating, goods on a boat might decay; if heavily damaged, the boat might sink.
船只有了白蟻，輕的會將貨物蛀爛，重的會使船沉沒。
*(2.) Minor damage to a boat by termites would very likely ruin the freight on board while severe destruction might well lead to the sinking of the boat.
鐵路枕木如果受白蟻侵蝕，火車就有出軌的危險。
*枕木: sleeper, crossties
*出軌：be derailed, run off the track, go off the rail
1.If railway sleepers were eaten away by termites, trains would be in danger of running off the track.
2.Trains running on termite-eaten sleepers are running the risk of going off the rails.
3. Termite-eaten sleepers would derail trains.
白蟻這種害蟲，實(shí)在是相當(dāng)可惡的。
*可惡：abhorrent；abominable；loathsome; disgusting
*How disgusting pests like termites are!
*What disgusting pests termites are!
*Such pests as termites are really disgusting!
在我們的社會里, 則有另一種“白蟻”。
1. There is another kind of “termites” in our society.
2. “Termites” of a different kind can also be found in our society.
前些日子報載
*前些日子：即最近、近來 a few days ago, the other day, lately, recently
*報載：it was reported on the newspaper that; according to a newspaper; according to a press report
吉林省外貿(mào)局副局長王震宇利用職權(quán)，大慷國家之慨，吃喝玩樂，請客送禮，浪費(fèi)驚人，不也是一種“白蟻”之害嗎？
* 外貿(mào)局：Foreign Trade Bureau
*吉林省外貿(mào)局: Jilin Foreign Trade Bureau
* 副局長：vice-director; deputy chief
前些日子報載吉林省外貿(mào)局副局長王震宇利用職權(quán)，大慷國家之慨，吃喝玩樂，請客送禮，浪費(fèi)驚人，不也是一種“白蟻”之害嗎？
* 吉林省外貿(mào)局副局長王震宇：Wang Zhenyu, former（因已經(jīng)下臺）deputy director of Jilin Foreign Trade Bureau
*利用：use; utilize; employ; exploit; take advantage of; (濫用)abuse
*職權(quán)：power; authority
前些日子報載吉林省外貿(mào)局副局長王震宇利用職權(quán)，大慷國家之慨，吃喝玩樂，請客送禮，浪費(fèi)驚人，不也是一種“白蟻”之害嗎？
* 慷慨：大量給予，這里是反話，大量使用，揮霍spend/expend wastefully; squander
* （慷慨：濫用職權(quán)的具體表現(xiàn)，所以使用abuse his power by squandering 的結(jié)構(gòu)更好）
前些日子報載吉林省外貿(mào)局副局長王震宇利用職權(quán)，大慷國家之慨，吃喝玩樂，請客送禮，浪費(fèi)驚人，不也是一種“白蟻”之害嗎？
* 國家：government, state
*大慷國家之慨：expend money at the expense of the state; squander large amounts of government money …
*吃喝玩樂：wining, dining and other pleasure-seeking
前些日子報載吉林省外貿(mào)局副局長王震宇利用職權(quán)，大慷國家之慨，吃喝玩樂，請客送禮，浪費(fèi)驚人，不也是一種“白蟻”之害嗎？
*請客：entertain guests; give a dinner party; invite… to dinner; treat
*送禮: present / give … gift or present
*不也是：難道不是Aren’t they/Isn’t it…
*按照英文習(xí)慣，這段文字處理成“浪費(fèi)大量資金用于吃喝玩樂、請客送禮，這一切全部出自國家腰包”。
*According to a recent press report, Wang Zhenyu, former vice director of Jilin Foreign Trade Bureau, abused his power by squandering a grotesque amount of money wining , dining, holding dinner parties, giving gifts and seeking other pleasures, all at the expense of the state. Isn’t he as destructive as “termites” too?
* 你知道白蟻之害嗎？一座大廈如果有了白蟻，不加防治，不到十年時間，里面的地板壁板，都會蛀蝕一空。一般的房屋受了嚴(yán)重的蟻害，有的還會突然倒塌下來，傷了性命。電桿被白蟻蛀蝕，一般兩三年就要換一次。船只有了白蟻，輕的會將貨物蛀爛，重的會使船沉沒。鐵路枕木如果受白蟻侵蝕，火車就有出軌的危險。白蟻這種害蟲，實(shí)在是相當(dāng)可惡的。在我們的社會里，則有另一種“白蟻”。前些日子報載吉林省外貿(mào)局副局長王震宇利用職權(quán)，大慷國家之慨，吃喝玩樂，請客送禮，浪費(fèi)驚人，不也是一種“白蟻”之害嗎？
白蟻
* [termite] 等翅目的一種像螞蟻的昆蟲,群居,取食木材,對森林、建筑、橋梁等為害極大
*White ants
*害: harm; harmfulness; destruction, destructiveness, destructivity
The Destructiveness of Termites
Termites are destructive
The Destructive Termites
你知道白蟻之害嗎？
*譯文: Do you know how destructive termites are?
*Do you know termites are destructive?
* Have you heard of destruction by termites?
一座大廈如果有了白蟻，不加防治，不到十年時間，里面的地板 、壁板，都會蛀蝕一空。
*大廈: edifice, high-rise, mansion, tall building
* 有了白蟻: 這里似乎有“白蟻泛濫成災(zāi)”或“鬧蟻災(zāi)”的意思, be infested with ,be rampant with
* 一座大廈如果有了白蟻，不加防治:
*防治: prevent and control; check
*(如果）不加防治: 加以: 對……進(jìn)行 (無需翻譯)
*不到: less than; fewer than; with ten years
*地板: wooden floor
*壁板: wall paneling
*蛀蝕: bore, worm-eaten; moth-eaten; eat away, damage
*一空: 一點(diǎn)不剩 nothing is left; …to nothing ; with nothing left; eat away all…
參考譯文
If a tall building were infested with termites and nothing were done to prevent and control them, the entire wooden floor and wall paneling inside it would have been eaten away in less than ten years.
一般的房屋受了嚴(yán)重的蟻害，有的還會突然倒塌下來，傷了性命。
*受了……害: be infested with; be affected by; suffer (severe damage) from; termite-ridden(充滿……的), be invaded by
一般的房屋受了嚴(yán)重的蟻害，有的還會突然倒塌下來，傷了性命。
*一般的房屋(如果)受了嚴(yán)重的蟻害: 此句為條件關(guān)系. Ordinary houses
*另外可以把“有的”與“一般的房屋”合起來，變成 “some of the ordinary houses might collapse if heavily damaged by termites.
一般的房屋受了嚴(yán)重的蟻害，有的還會突然倒塌下來，傷了性命。
“會”字的翻譯: will, would, can, could, may, might
*倒塌: collapse, topple, crumble
*傷了性命: cause death; cause a loss of life *參考譯文:
*1. If seriously damaged, some houses of the ordinary kind might topple, causing deaths.
*2. If ordinary houses suffered from termite attack, some would collapse, killing people inside.
*3. Some of the ordinary houses damaged by termites might collapse, causing casualties.
電桿被白蟻蛀蝕，一般兩三年就要換一次。
*電桿: wire pole，不能譯成electric pole(帶電的桿子）
*一般: usually; as a rule ; ordinary; common; generally speaking;
*更換: substitute; replace
電桿被白蟻蛀蝕，一般兩三年就要換一次。
*Generally speaking, termite-eaten wire poles ought to be replaced every two or three years.
*Wire poles would have to be replaced at two or three years’ interval due to damage by termites.
船只有了白蟻，輕的會將貨物蛀爛，重的會使船沉沒。
*此句可以理解為:如果白蟻在船上輕微泛濫, 貨物會被蛀爛, 如果嚴(yán)重泛濫, 會使船沉沒.
(1.) If slightly damaged by termite eating, goods on a boat might decay; if heavily damaged, the boat might sink.
船只有了白蟻，輕的會將貨物蛀爛，重的會使船沉沒。
*(2.) Minor damage to a boat by termites would very likely ruin the freight on board while severe destruction might well lead to the sinking of the boat.
鐵路枕木如果受白蟻侵蝕，火車就有出軌的危險。
*枕木: sleeper, crossties
*出軌：be derailed, run off the track, go off the rail
1.If railway sleepers were eaten away by termites, trains would be in danger of running off the track.
2.Trains running on termite-eaten sleepers are running the risk of going off the rails.
3. Termite-eaten sleepers would derail trains.
白蟻這種害蟲，實(shí)在是相當(dāng)可惡的。
*可惡：abhorrent；abominable；loathsome; disgusting
*How disgusting pests like termites are!
*What disgusting pests termites are!
*Such pests as termites are really disgusting!
在我們的社會里, 則有另一種“白蟻”。
1. There is another kind of “termites” in our society.
2. “Termites” of a different kind can also be found in our society.
前些日子報載
*前些日子：即最近、近來 a few days ago, the other day, lately, recently
*報載：it was reported on the newspaper that; according to a newspaper; according to a press report
吉林省外貿(mào)局副局長王震宇利用職權(quán)，大慷國家之慨，吃喝玩樂，請客送禮，浪費(fèi)驚人，不也是一種“白蟻”之害嗎？
* 外貿(mào)局：Foreign Trade Bureau
*吉林省外貿(mào)局: Jilin Foreign Trade Bureau
* 副局長：vice-director; deputy chief
前些日子報載吉林省外貿(mào)局副局長王震宇利用職權(quán)，大慷國家之慨，吃喝玩樂，請客送禮，浪費(fèi)驚人，不也是一種“白蟻”之害嗎？
* 吉林省外貿(mào)局副局長王震宇：Wang Zhenyu, former（因已經(jīng)下臺）deputy director of Jilin Foreign Trade Bureau
*利用：use; utilize; employ; exploit; take advantage of; (濫用)abuse
*職權(quán)：power; authority
前些日子報載吉林省外貿(mào)局副局長王震宇利用職權(quán)，大慷國家之慨，吃喝玩樂，請客送禮，浪費(fèi)驚人，不也是一種“白蟻”之害嗎？
* 慷慨：大量給予，這里是反話，大量使用，揮霍spend/expend wastefully; squander
* （慷慨：濫用職權(quán)的具體表現(xiàn)，所以使用abuse his power by squandering 的結(jié)構(gòu)更好）
前些日子報載吉林省外貿(mào)局副局長王震宇利用職權(quán)，大慷國家之慨，吃喝玩樂，請客送禮，浪費(fèi)驚人，不也是一種“白蟻”之害嗎？
* 國家：government, state
*大慷國家之慨：expend money at the expense of the state; squander large amounts of government money …
*吃喝玩樂：wining, dining and other pleasure-seeking
前些日子報載吉林省外貿(mào)局副局長王震宇利用職權(quán)，大慷國家之慨，吃喝玩樂，請客送禮，浪費(fèi)驚人，不也是一種“白蟻”之害嗎？
*請客：entertain guests; give a dinner party; invite… to dinner; treat
*送禮: present / give … gift or present
*不也是：難道不是Aren’t they/Isn’t it…
*按照英文習(xí)慣，這段文字處理成“浪費(fèi)大量資金用于吃喝玩樂、請客送禮，這一切全部出自國家腰包”。
*According to a recent press report, Wang Zhenyu, former vice director of Jilin Foreign Trade Bureau, abused his power by squandering a grotesque amount of money wining , dining, holding dinner parties, giving gifts and seeking other pleasures, all at the expense of the state. Isn’t he as destructive as “termites” too?