Text D
短文大意
本文主要介紹了museum一詞隨著歲月的變遷，詞義發(fā)生改變的過(guò)程。museum本是希臘詞，指任何尊崇繆司的場(chǎng)所和事物。后來(lái)隨著希臘藝術(shù)品流入羅馬，museum一詞也隨之傳入拉丁語(yǔ)，但意義上沒(méi)有發(fā)生多大變化。到十五世紀(jì)時(shí)，歐洲出現(xiàn)“復(fù)古”潮流，藝術(shù)家們紛紛仿制古代藝術(shù)品，museum仍和“繆司的圣地”有著千絲萬(wàn)縷的聯(lián)系。十七世紀(jì)人們仇視古代藝術(shù)品，多虧博古家們轉(zhuǎn)移保護(hù)，才免遭浩劫。十九世紀(jì)早期，人們開始修建博物館收藏保護(hù)古代藝術(shù)品，museum一詞的現(xiàn)代意義形成。
25. [B]。
【精解】語(yǔ)義理解題。根據(jù)下文可知，全文主旨在于介紹museum一詞在歷史過(guò)程中的變化，本句的意思為“museum一詞的意義隨著歲月的流逝發(fā)生了改變”，答案為[B]。
26. [D]。
【精解】細(xì)節(jié)題。首段第二句“It first meant (in Greek) anything consecrated to the Muses:a hill,a shrine,a garden,a festival or even a textbook.”可以看出museum可以用來(lái)指代山脈或事物起源于Greek，[D] 為答案。
27. [C]。
【精解】語(yǔ)義理解題。文中第三段談到先是王公大臣，然后是商人掀起了古代文物收藏?zé)幔糯囆g(shù)品供不應(yīng)求，刺激了贗品制造者提高仿制古代藝術(shù)品的技藝水平，達(dá)到以假亂真的目的，故[C] 為答案。
28. [B]。
【精解】推斷題。由第四段開頭提到的“they were not‘collected’either,but‘sitespecific’,and were considered an integral part both of the fabric of the buildings”可知油畫和雕塑并不是獨(dú)立存在的，而是和建筑物聯(lián)為一體、不可分割的，故[B] 為答案。
29. [A]。
【精解】細(xì)節(jié)題。末段指出，十七世紀(jì)時(shí)歐洲人仇視皇室和教堂的紀(jì)念物，幸虧博古家們的轉(zhuǎn)移保護(hù)，才使得大量的古代藝術(shù)品免遭浩劫。十九世紀(jì)早期，歐洲各國(guó)更是紛紛興建博物館來(lái)收藏和保護(hù)古代文物，故答案為[A]。
30. [B]。
【精解】主旨題。全文介紹了museum一詞意義的變化過(guò)程，以及museum一詞現(xiàn)代意義的由來(lái)，故答案為[B]，其他三項(xiàng)都只是介紹museum一詞的意義變化時(shí)提到的例子，不能作為全文標(biāo)題。
【難詞突破】
核心詞
consecrate v. 獻(xiàn)給,使神圣
emulation n.競(jìng)賽,競(jìng)爭(zhēng)
exemplary adj. 可仿效的,可做模范的
antiquarian n. 古文物家，古董商
超綱詞
transliteration n. 音譯法
We use language primarily as a means of communication with
other human beings. Each of us shares with the community in which we
live a store of words and meanings as well as agreeing conventions as (1)
to the way in which words should be arranged to convey a particular (2)
message: the English speaker has iii his disposal at vocabulary and a (3)
set of grammatical rules which enables him to communicate his (4)
thoughts and feelings, ill a variety of styles, to the other English (5)
speakers. His vocabulary, in particular, both that which he uses active-
[yand that which he recognises, increases ill size as he grows
old as a result of education and experience. (6)
But, whether the language store is relatively small or large, the system
remains no more, than a psychological reality for tike inpidual, unless
he has a means of expressing it in terms able to be seen by another (7)
member of his linguistic community; he bas to give tile system a
concrete transmission form. We take it for granted rice’ two most (8)
common forms of transmission-by means of sounds produced by our
vocal organs (speech) or by visual signs (writing). And these are (9)
among most striking of human achievements. (10)
Translate the underlined part of the following text into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.
中國(guó)民族自古以來(lái)從不把人看作高于一切，在哲學(xué)文藝方面的表現(xiàn)都反映出人在自然界中與萬(wàn)物占著一個(gè)比例較為恰當(dāng)?shù)牡匚?，而非絕對(duì)統(tǒng)治萬(wàn)物的主宰。因此我們的苦悶，基本上比西方人為少為?。灰?yàn)榭鄲灥膹?qiáng)弱原是隨欲望與野心的大小而轉(zhuǎn)移的。農(nóng)業(yè)社會(huì)的人比工業(yè)社會(huì)的人享受差得多，因此欲望也小得多。況中國(guó)古代素來(lái)以不滯于物，不為物役為最主要的人生哲學(xué)。并非我們沒(méi)有守財(cái)奴，但比起莫里哀與巴爾扎克筆下的守財(cái)奴與野心家來(lái)，就小巫見大巫了。中國(guó)民族多數(shù)是性情中正和平、淡泊、樸實(shí)，比西方人容易滿足。
寫作部分：
Joseph Epstein, a famous American writer, once said, "We decide what is important and what is trivial in life. We decide (so) that what makes us significant is either what we do or what we refuse to do. But no matter how different the universe may be to our choices and decisions, these choices and decisions are ours to make. We decide. We choose. And as we decide and choose, so are our lives formed. In the end, forming our own destiny is what ambition is about." Do you agree or disagree with him? Write an essay of about 400 words entitled:
短文大意
本文主要介紹了museum一詞隨著歲月的變遷，詞義發(fā)生改變的過(guò)程。museum本是希臘詞，指任何尊崇繆司的場(chǎng)所和事物。后來(lái)隨著希臘藝術(shù)品流入羅馬，museum一詞也隨之傳入拉丁語(yǔ)，但意義上沒(méi)有發(fā)生多大變化。到十五世紀(jì)時(shí)，歐洲出現(xiàn)“復(fù)古”潮流，藝術(shù)家們紛紛仿制古代藝術(shù)品，museum仍和“繆司的圣地”有著千絲萬(wàn)縷的聯(lián)系。十七世紀(jì)人們仇視古代藝術(shù)品，多虧博古家們轉(zhuǎn)移保護(hù)，才免遭浩劫。十九世紀(jì)早期，人們開始修建博物館收藏保護(hù)古代藝術(shù)品，museum一詞的現(xiàn)代意義形成。
25. [B]。
【精解】語(yǔ)義理解題。根據(jù)下文可知，全文主旨在于介紹museum一詞在歷史過(guò)程中的變化，本句的意思為“museum一詞的意義隨著歲月的流逝發(fā)生了改變”，答案為[B]。
26. [D]。
【精解】細(xì)節(jié)題。首段第二句“It first meant (in Greek) anything consecrated to the Muses:a hill,a shrine,a garden,a festival or even a textbook.”可以看出museum可以用來(lái)指代山脈或事物起源于Greek，[D] 為答案。
27. [C]。
【精解】語(yǔ)義理解題。文中第三段談到先是王公大臣，然后是商人掀起了古代文物收藏?zé)幔糯囆g(shù)品供不應(yīng)求，刺激了贗品制造者提高仿制古代藝術(shù)品的技藝水平，達(dá)到以假亂真的目的，故[C] 為答案。
28. [B]。
【精解】推斷題。由第四段開頭提到的“they were not‘collected’either,but‘sitespecific’,and were considered an integral part both of the fabric of the buildings”可知油畫和雕塑并不是獨(dú)立存在的，而是和建筑物聯(lián)為一體、不可分割的，故[B] 為答案。
29. [A]。
【精解】細(xì)節(jié)題。末段指出，十七世紀(jì)時(shí)歐洲人仇視皇室和教堂的紀(jì)念物，幸虧博古家們的轉(zhuǎn)移保護(hù)，才使得大量的古代藝術(shù)品免遭浩劫。十九世紀(jì)早期，歐洲各國(guó)更是紛紛興建博物館來(lái)收藏和保護(hù)古代文物，故答案為[A]。
30. [B]。
【精解】主旨題。全文介紹了museum一詞意義的變化過(guò)程，以及museum一詞現(xiàn)代意義的由來(lái)，故答案為[B]，其他三項(xiàng)都只是介紹museum一詞的意義變化時(shí)提到的例子，不能作為全文標(biāo)題。
【難詞突破】
核心詞
consecrate v. 獻(xiàn)給,使神圣
emulation n.競(jìng)賽,競(jìng)爭(zhēng)
exemplary adj. 可仿效的,可做模范的
antiquarian n. 古文物家，古董商
超綱詞
transliteration n. 音譯法
We use language primarily as a means of communication with
other human beings. Each of us shares with the community in which we
live a store of words and meanings as well as agreeing conventions as (1)
to the way in which words should be arranged to convey a particular (2)
message: the English speaker has iii his disposal at vocabulary and a (3)
set of grammatical rules which enables him to communicate his (4)
thoughts and feelings, ill a variety of styles, to the other English (5)
speakers. His vocabulary, in particular, both that which he uses active-
[yand that which he recognises, increases ill size as he grows
old as a result of education and experience. (6)
But, whether the language store is relatively small or large, the system
remains no more, than a psychological reality for tike inpidual, unless
he has a means of expressing it in terms able to be seen by another (7)
member of his linguistic community; he bas to give tile system a
concrete transmission form. We take it for granted rice’ two most (8)
common forms of transmission-by means of sounds produced by our
vocal organs (speech) or by visual signs (writing). And these are (9)
among most striking of human achievements. (10)
Translate the underlined part of the following text into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.
中國(guó)民族自古以來(lái)從不把人看作高于一切，在哲學(xué)文藝方面的表現(xiàn)都反映出人在自然界中與萬(wàn)物占著一個(gè)比例較為恰當(dāng)?shù)牡匚?，而非絕對(duì)統(tǒng)治萬(wàn)物的主宰。因此我們的苦悶，基本上比西方人為少為?。灰?yàn)榭鄲灥膹?qiáng)弱原是隨欲望與野心的大小而轉(zhuǎn)移的。農(nóng)業(yè)社會(huì)的人比工業(yè)社會(huì)的人享受差得多，因此欲望也小得多。況中國(guó)古代素來(lái)以不滯于物，不為物役為最主要的人生哲學(xué)。并非我們沒(méi)有守財(cái)奴，但比起莫里哀與巴爾扎克筆下的守財(cái)奴與野心家來(lái)，就小巫見大巫了。中國(guó)民族多數(shù)是性情中正和平、淡泊、樸實(shí)，比西方人容易滿足。
寫作部分：
Joseph Epstein, a famous American writer, once said, "We decide what is important and what is trivial in life. We decide (so) that what makes us significant is either what we do or what we refuse to do. But no matter how different the universe may be to our choices and decisions, these choices and decisions are ours to make. We decide. We choose. And as we decide and choose, so are our lives formed. In the end, forming our own destiny is what ambition is about." Do you agree or disagree with him? Write an essay of about 400 words entitled: