Passage Two
Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.
Why does cream go bad faster than butter? Some researchers think they have the answer, and it comes down to the structure of the food, not its chemical composition—a finding that could help rid some processed foods of chemical preservatives.
Cream and butter contain pretty much the same substances, so why cream should sour much faster has been a mystery. Both are emulsionstiny globules (小球體) of one liquid evenly distributed throughout another. The difference lies in what’s in the globules and what’s in the surrounding liquid, says Brocklehurst, who led the investigation.
In cream, fatty globules drift about in a sea of water. In butter, globules of a watery solution are locked away in a sea of fat. The bacteria which make the food go bad prefer to live in the watery regions of the mixture. “This means that in cream, the bacteria are free to grow throughout the mixture,” he says.
When the situation is reversed, the bacteria are locked away in compartments (隔倉) buried deep in the sea of fat. Trapped in this way, individual colonies cannot spread and rapidly run out of nutrients (養(yǎng)料). They also slowly poison themselves with their waste products. “In butter, you get a selflimiting system which stops the bacteria growing,” says Brocklehurst.
The researchers are already working with food companies keen to see if their products can be made resistant to bacterial attack through alterations to the food’s structure. Brocklehurst believes it will be possible to make the emulsions used in salad cream, for instance, more like that in butter. The key will be to do this while keeping the salad cream liquid and not turning it into a solid lump.
62.The significance of Brocklehurst’s research is that .
［A］it suggested a way to keep some foods fresh without preservatives
［B］it discovered tiny globules in both cream and butter
［C］it revealed the secret of how bacteria multiply in cream and butter
［D］it found that cream and butter share the same chemical composition
63.According to the researchers, cream sours fast than butter because bacteria .
［A］are more evenly distributed in cream
［B］multiply more easily in cream than in butter
［C］live on less fat in cream than in butter
［D］produce less waste in cream than in butter
64.According to Brocklehurst, we can keep cream fresh by .
［A］removing its fat
［B］killing the bacteria
［C］reducing its water content
［D］altering its structure
65.The word “colonies” (Line 2, Para. 4) refers to .
［A］tiny globules
［B］watery regions
［C］bacteria communities
［D］little compartments
66.Commercial application of the research finding will be possible if salad cream can be made resistant to bacterial attack .
［A］by varying its chemical composition
［B］by turning it into a solid lump
［C］while keeping its structure unchanged
［D］while retaining its liquid form
Part ⅤCloze（15 minutes）
Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked ［A］, ［B］, ［C］ and ［D］ on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Sweden is country which imports seventy percent of its energy. Its people are very 67of the cost of energy and the importance of not wasting it. In Uppsala temperatures are frequently 68zero degrees Celsius. There, a man has built a house which case he pays only twentyfive pounds a year to 69. The reason for this is insulation. In this it means placing material70 the inside and the outside of the walls of the house to keep the cold71and the warmth in. There are five hundred millimeters of insulation in the 72and three hundred millimeters of insulation inside the walls. All the windows have four panes of glass. The house is heated by the body heat of the people inside it, and by the heat from the lights and other 73in the house.
In the UK there is less waste now than 74. In 1980 the country used eight percent less energy than in 1973, 75there could still be a saving of thirty percent in industry and around forty percent in ordinary 76use of energy.
However these renewable forms are often expensive to 77, and there are problems. Solar energy, for example, is not always 78because the sun moves about the sky and there are many days 79the weather is very bad.
There is one source, however, which may become 80important. This is geothermal energy, or heat from the 81of the earth. The temperature of the earth increases thirty degrees Celsius 82each thousand meters in certain parts of the world. At six kilometers, 83, it rises to nearly two hundred degrees. To remove the heat, water would be pumped down into the rocks and back up to the 84. Heat from the earth is already used in certain parts of Iceland and New Zealand.
When we have learnt how to use it properly, the earth itself, 85 with the seas, the wind and the sun will 86 certainly provide with all the energy that we shall ever need.
67.［A］ clear［B］aware
［C］ sure［D］ certain
68.［A］ some［B］ estimated
［C］around［D］discovered
69.［A］ heat［B］afford
［C］coal［D］energy
70.［A］ for［B］in
［C］ into［D］between
71.［A］ away［B］ out
［C］ from［D］ off
72.［A］ceiling［B］ storey
［C］ roof［D］ attic
73.［A］necessities［B］instruments
［C］insulators［D］equipment
74.［A］before［B］ ever
［C］normal［D］earlier
75.［A］though［B］ and
［C］but［D］ moreover
76.［A］daily［B］household
［C］housing［D］residence
77.［A］acquire ［B］pursue
［C］develop［D］ investigate
78.［A］available［B］ changeable
［C］unstable［D］ transformable
79.［A］where［B］ in which
［C］when［D］ whenever
80.［A］extremely［B］ absolutely
［C］completely［D］ wonderfully
81.［A］bottom ［B］ structure
［C］inside［D］ center
82.［A］about［B］ for
［C］with［D］ at
83.［A］afterwards［B］ therefore
［C］obviously［D］ regardless
84.［A］outside［B］ above
［C］surface［D］ top
85.［A］working［B］ coping
［C］together［D］ dealing
86.［A］above［B］ almost
［C］ exactly［D］ possibly
Part ⅥTranslation（5 minutes）
Direction:Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.
87.On average, it is said, visitors spend only (一半的錢)in a day in Leeds as in London.
88. More than 3 million children have health insurance now, and (超過250萬的家庭已經(jīng)擺脫貧困).
89. Although punctual himself, the professor was quite used (習(xí)慣了學(xué)生遲到) his lecture.
90. Everybody knows he（受到了冤枉指控）.
91.John cannot afford to go to the university, (更不用說出國了).
Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.
Why does cream go bad faster than butter? Some researchers think they have the answer, and it comes down to the structure of the food, not its chemical composition—a finding that could help rid some processed foods of chemical preservatives.
Cream and butter contain pretty much the same substances, so why cream should sour much faster has been a mystery. Both are emulsionstiny globules (小球體) of one liquid evenly distributed throughout another. The difference lies in what’s in the globules and what’s in the surrounding liquid, says Brocklehurst, who led the investigation.
In cream, fatty globules drift about in a sea of water. In butter, globules of a watery solution are locked away in a sea of fat. The bacteria which make the food go bad prefer to live in the watery regions of the mixture. “This means that in cream, the bacteria are free to grow throughout the mixture,” he says.
When the situation is reversed, the bacteria are locked away in compartments (隔倉) buried deep in the sea of fat. Trapped in this way, individual colonies cannot spread and rapidly run out of nutrients (養(yǎng)料). They also slowly poison themselves with their waste products. “In butter, you get a selflimiting system which stops the bacteria growing,” says Brocklehurst.
The researchers are already working with food companies keen to see if their products can be made resistant to bacterial attack through alterations to the food’s structure. Brocklehurst believes it will be possible to make the emulsions used in salad cream, for instance, more like that in butter. The key will be to do this while keeping the salad cream liquid and not turning it into a solid lump.
62.The significance of Brocklehurst’s research is that .
［A］it suggested a way to keep some foods fresh without preservatives
［B］it discovered tiny globules in both cream and butter
［C］it revealed the secret of how bacteria multiply in cream and butter
［D］it found that cream and butter share the same chemical composition
63.According to the researchers, cream sours fast than butter because bacteria .
［A］are more evenly distributed in cream
［B］multiply more easily in cream than in butter
［C］live on less fat in cream than in butter
［D］produce less waste in cream than in butter
64.According to Brocklehurst, we can keep cream fresh by .
［A］removing its fat
［B］killing the bacteria
［C］reducing its water content
［D］altering its structure
65.The word “colonies” (Line 2, Para. 4) refers to .
［A］tiny globules
［B］watery regions
［C］bacteria communities
［D］little compartments
66.Commercial application of the research finding will be possible if salad cream can be made resistant to bacterial attack .
［A］by varying its chemical composition
［B］by turning it into a solid lump
［C］while keeping its structure unchanged
［D］while retaining its liquid form
Part ⅤCloze（15 minutes）
Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked ［A］, ［B］, ［C］ and ［D］ on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Sweden is country which imports seventy percent of its energy. Its people are very 67of the cost of energy and the importance of not wasting it. In Uppsala temperatures are frequently 68zero degrees Celsius. There, a man has built a house which case he pays only twentyfive pounds a year to 69. The reason for this is insulation. In this it means placing material70 the inside and the outside of the walls of the house to keep the cold71and the warmth in. There are five hundred millimeters of insulation in the 72and three hundred millimeters of insulation inside the walls. All the windows have four panes of glass. The house is heated by the body heat of the people inside it, and by the heat from the lights and other 73in the house.
In the UK there is less waste now than 74. In 1980 the country used eight percent less energy than in 1973, 75there could still be a saving of thirty percent in industry and around forty percent in ordinary 76use of energy.
However these renewable forms are often expensive to 77, and there are problems. Solar energy, for example, is not always 78because the sun moves about the sky and there are many days 79the weather is very bad.
There is one source, however, which may become 80important. This is geothermal energy, or heat from the 81of the earth. The temperature of the earth increases thirty degrees Celsius 82each thousand meters in certain parts of the world. At six kilometers, 83, it rises to nearly two hundred degrees. To remove the heat, water would be pumped down into the rocks and back up to the 84. Heat from the earth is already used in certain parts of Iceland and New Zealand.
When we have learnt how to use it properly, the earth itself, 85 with the seas, the wind and the sun will 86 certainly provide with all the energy that we shall ever need.
67.［A］ clear［B］aware
［C］ sure［D］ certain
68.［A］ some［B］ estimated
［C］around［D］discovered
69.［A］ heat［B］afford
［C］coal［D］energy
70.［A］ for［B］in
［C］ into［D］between
71.［A］ away［B］ out
［C］ from［D］ off
72.［A］ceiling［B］ storey
［C］ roof［D］ attic
73.［A］necessities［B］instruments
［C］insulators［D］equipment
74.［A］before［B］ ever
［C］normal［D］earlier
75.［A］though［B］ and
［C］but［D］ moreover
76.［A］daily［B］household
［C］housing［D］residence
77.［A］acquire ［B］pursue
［C］develop［D］ investigate
78.［A］available［B］ changeable
［C］unstable［D］ transformable
79.［A］where［B］ in which
［C］when［D］ whenever
80.［A］extremely［B］ absolutely
［C］completely［D］ wonderfully
81.［A］bottom ［B］ structure
［C］inside［D］ center
82.［A］about［B］ for
［C］with［D］ at
83.［A］afterwards［B］ therefore
［C］obviously［D］ regardless
84.［A］outside［B］ above
［C］surface［D］ top
85.［A］working［B］ coping
［C］together［D］ dealing
86.［A］above［B］ almost
［C］ exactly［D］ possibly
Part ⅥTranslation（5 minutes）
Direction:Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.
87.On average, it is said, visitors spend only (一半的錢)in a day in Leeds as in London.
88. More than 3 million children have health insurance now, and (超過250萬的家庭已經(jīng)擺脫貧困).
89. Although punctual himself, the professor was quite used (習(xí)慣了學(xué)生遲到) his lecture.
90. Everybody knows he（受到了冤枉指控）.
91.John cannot afford to go to the university, (更不用說出國了).