俱樂部將給得勝者設(shè)獎。
表語: My question is who will take over president of the Foundation. 我的問題是誰將接任該基金會主席職位。
賓語補足語:She will name him whatever she wants to. 她高興給他起什么名字就取什么名字。
同位語: I have no idea when he will return.
我不知道他什么時候回來。
形容詞賓語:I’m not sure why she refused their invitation. 我尚不能肯定她為什么拒絕他們的邀請。
介詞賓語: That depends on where we shall go.
那取決于我們?nèi)ツ膬骸?BR> 2)Wh-從句作主語也常用先行詞it做形式主語,而將wh-從句置于句末,例如:
It is not yet decided who will do that job.
還沒決定誰做這項工作。
It remains unknown when they are going to get married. 他們何時結(jié)婚依然不明。
17.4 if, whether引導(dǎo)的名詞從句
1)yes-no型疑問從句
從屬連詞if, whether引導(dǎo)的名詞從句是由一般疑問句或選擇疑問轉(zhuǎn)化而來的,因此也分別被稱為yes-no型疑問句從句和選擇型疑問從句,其功能和wh-從句的功能相同, 例如:
主語:Whether the plan is feasible remains to be proved. 這一計劃是否可行還有等證實。
賓語:Let us know whether / if you can finish the article before Friday. 請讓我們知道你是否能在星期五以前把文章寫完。
表語:The point is whether we should lend him the money. 問題在于我們是否應(yīng)該借錢給他。
同位語:They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy. 他們調(diào)查他是否值得信賴。
形容詞賓語: She’s doubtful whether we shall be able to come. 她懷疑我們是否能夠前來。
介詞賓語: I worry about whether he can pass through the crisis of his illness. 我擔(dān)心他是否能度過疾病的危險期。
2)選擇性疑問從句
選擇性疑問從句由關(guān)聯(lián)詞if/whether…or或whethe…or not構(gòu)成,例如:
Please tell me whether / if they are Swedish or Danish. 請告訴我他們是瑞典人還是丹麥人。
I don’t care whether you like the plan or not.我不在乎你是否喜歡該計劃。
17.5 否定轉(zhuǎn)移
1) 將think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine等動詞后面賓語從句的否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中,即主句的謂語動詞用否定式,而從句的謂語動詞用肯定式。
I don’t think I know you. 我想我并不認(rèn)識你。
I don’ t believe he will come. 我相信他不回來。
注意:若謂語動詞為hope,賓語從句中的否定詞不能轉(zhuǎn)移。
I hope you weren’t ill. 我想你沒有生病吧。
2) 將seem, appear 等后的從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移到前面。
It doesn’t seem that they know where to go.
看來他們不知道往哪去。
It doesn’t appear that we’ll have a sunny day tomorrow.
看來我們明天不會碰上好天氣。
3) 有時將動名詞,介詞短語或整個從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閷χ^語動詞的否定。
I don’t remember having ever seen such a man.
我記得從未見過這樣一個人。 (not否定動名詞短語 having…)
It’s not a place where anyone would expect to see strange characters on the street.
在這里,人們不會想到在街上會碰上陌生的人。
(anyone 作主語,從句中的謂語動詞不能用否定形式。)
4) 有時狀語或狀語從句中否定可以轉(zhuǎn)移到謂語動詞前。
The ant is not gathering this for itself alone. (否定狀語) 螞蟻不只是為自己采食。
He was not ready to believe something just because Aristotle said so. (否定because狀語) 他并不因亞里斯多德說過如何如何,就輕信此事。
She had not been married many weeks when that man's younger brother saw her and was struck by her beauty. (否定狀語many weeks) 她結(jié)婚還不到幾個月,這個人的弟弟就看見她了,并對她的美貌著了迷。
表語: My question is who will take over president of the Foundation. 我的問題是誰將接任該基金會主席職位。
賓語補足語:She will name him whatever she wants to. 她高興給他起什么名字就取什么名字。
同位語: I have no idea when he will return.
我不知道他什么時候回來。
形容詞賓語:I’m not sure why she refused their invitation. 我尚不能肯定她為什么拒絕他們的邀請。
介詞賓語: That depends on where we shall go.
那取決于我們?nèi)ツ膬骸?BR> 2)Wh-從句作主語也常用先行詞it做形式主語,而將wh-從句置于句末,例如:
It is not yet decided who will do that job.
還沒決定誰做這項工作。
It remains unknown when they are going to get married. 他們何時結(jié)婚依然不明。
17.4 if, whether引導(dǎo)的名詞從句
1)yes-no型疑問從句
從屬連詞if, whether引導(dǎo)的名詞從句是由一般疑問句或選擇疑問轉(zhuǎn)化而來的,因此也分別被稱為yes-no型疑問句從句和選擇型疑問從句,其功能和wh-從句的功能相同, 例如:
主語:Whether the plan is feasible remains to be proved. 這一計劃是否可行還有等證實。
賓語:Let us know whether / if you can finish the article before Friday. 請讓我們知道你是否能在星期五以前把文章寫完。
表語:The point is whether we should lend him the money. 問題在于我們是否應(yīng)該借錢給他。
同位語:They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy. 他們調(diào)查他是否值得信賴。
形容詞賓語: She’s doubtful whether we shall be able to come. 她懷疑我們是否能夠前來。
介詞賓語: I worry about whether he can pass through the crisis of his illness. 我擔(dān)心他是否能度過疾病的危險期。
2)選擇性疑問從句
選擇性疑問從句由關(guān)聯(lián)詞if/whether…or或whethe…or not構(gòu)成,例如:
Please tell me whether / if they are Swedish or Danish. 請告訴我他們是瑞典人還是丹麥人。
I don’t care whether you like the plan or not.我不在乎你是否喜歡該計劃。
17.5 否定轉(zhuǎn)移
1) 將think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine等動詞后面賓語從句的否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中,即主句的謂語動詞用否定式,而從句的謂語動詞用肯定式。
I don’t think I know you. 我想我并不認(rèn)識你。
I don’ t believe he will come. 我相信他不回來。
注意:若謂語動詞為hope,賓語從句中的否定詞不能轉(zhuǎn)移。
I hope you weren’t ill. 我想你沒有生病吧。
2) 將seem, appear 等后的從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移到前面。
It doesn’t seem that they know where to go.
看來他們不知道往哪去。
It doesn’t appear that we’ll have a sunny day tomorrow.
看來我們明天不會碰上好天氣。
3) 有時將動名詞,介詞短語或整個從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閷χ^語動詞的否定。
I don’t remember having ever seen such a man.
我記得從未見過這樣一個人。 (not否定動名詞短語 having…)
It’s not a place where anyone would expect to see strange characters on the street.
在這里,人們不會想到在街上會碰上陌生的人。
(anyone 作主語,從句中的謂語動詞不能用否定形式。)
4) 有時狀語或狀語從句中否定可以轉(zhuǎn)移到謂語動詞前。
The ant is not gathering this for itself alone. (否定狀語) 螞蟻不只是為自己采食。
He was not ready to believe something just because Aristotle said so. (否定because狀語) 他并不因亞里斯多德說過如何如何,就輕信此事。
She had not been married many weeks when that man's younger brother saw her and was struck by her beauty. (否定狀語many weeks) 她結(jié)婚還不到幾個月,這個人的弟弟就看見她了,并對她的美貌著了迷。