Reading Comprehension
Read the following texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.
American Education System
The American educational system is based on the idea that as many people as possible should have access to as much education as possible. This fact alone distinguishes the US system from the most others, since in most others the objective is as much to screen people out as it is to keep them in. the US system has no standardized examinations whose results systematically prevent students from going to higher levels of study, as the British and many other systems do. Through secondary school and sometimes in post-secondary institutions as well, the American system tries to accommodate students even if their academic aspirations and aptitude are not high, even if they are physically ( and in some cases mentally) handicapped, and even if their native language is not English.
The idea that as many as people should have as much education as possible, of course, an outcome of the Americans’ assumptions about equality among people. These assumptions do not mean that everyone has an equal opportunity to enter Harvard, Stanford, or other highly competitive post-secondary institutions. Admission to such institutions is generally restricted to the most academically able. The less able can usually matriculate in a post-secondary institutions, as the Malaysians observed, but one of lower quality.
As of March 1982, only 3 percent of all Americans aged 25 or more had completed less than five years of elementary school. Seventy-one percent of those 25 or more had completed four years of high school or gone beyond that, and 17.7 percent had completed four or more years of post-secondary education. The median number of school years completed was 12.6. The number of tertiary (that is post-secondary) students per 100,000 inhabitants was 5,355. some contrast: the number of tertiary students per 100,000 in the population was 4,006 in Canada. In no other country, according to UNESCo data, was the number of post-secondary students above 2,700 per 100,000. Korea had 2,696 tertiary students per 100,000 inhabitants; Japan, 2030; the USSR, 1,890; Hong Kong, 1353; Malaysia, 472; and Ethiopia, 48.
Naturally, an educational system that retains as many as the American system does likely to enroll a broader range of students than a system that seeks to educate only the few who seem especially suited for academic work. In the American system, academic rigor tends to come later than it does in most other systems. In many instances, American students do not face truly demanding educational requirements until they seek a graduate (that is, a post-baccalaureate) degree. Many other systems place heavy demands on students as early as their primary years-though college may be far less demanding, as is the case in Japan.
1. According to the passage, the US is different from most other countries in ___.
A. culture.
B. economy
C. history
D. educational system.
2. The idea based in by the American educational system is that ____.
A. the result of the examination systematically prevent the students from going to a higher levels of study.
B. the US tries as much to screen people out as it is to keep them in.
C. as many people as possible should have as much education as possible.
D. The US should have standardized ecamination.
3. The american’s assumptions about equality among people result in ___.
A. standardized examination.
B. academic aspirations.
C. the idea of more people and more education.
D. Educational development.
4. In which countries was the number of tertiary students above 2,700 per 100,000?
A. In US and USSR
B. In Canada and Malaysia.
C. In Argentina and Canada.
D. In Canada and US.
5. The American educational system places heavy educational demands on students ___.
A. as early as their primary years.
B. before they seek a graduation degree.
C. after they begin to seek a graduate degree.
D. before they seek a bachelor degree.
解析：
1.D
文章的第一段的第二句話提到，單是這一教育體系的不同，就可以時(shí)美國(guó)和其他國(guó)家很容易地區(qū)分開(kāi)來(lái)。所以說(shuō)，美國(guó)與其他國(guó)家在教育體系上是不同的。
2.C
文章的第一句話就明確地指出美國(guó)的教育體系的基礎(chǔ)是使盡可能多的人接受盡可能多的教育這一理念。
3.C
從第二段的第一句話可以看出，使盡可能多的人接受盡可能多的教育是美國(guó)人關(guān)于人人平等這一假設(shè)的結(jié)果。也就是說(shuō)，美國(guó)提出的人人平等的假設(shè)導(dǎo)致了教育理念的產(chǎn)生。
4.D
文章的第三段指出，在加拿大，每10萬(wàn)人中接受高等教育的人數(shù)是4，006;而在美國(guó)每10萬(wàn)人中有5，355人接受了高等教育。所以每10萬(wàn)人中接受高等教育的人數(shù)在700人以上的只有美國(guó)和加拿大。
5.C
文章最后一段指出，美國(guó)的教育體系對(duì)成績(jī)的要求比其他國(guó)家晚。只有當(dāng)學(xué)生想要獲得碩士學(xué)位時(shí)，成績(jī)才會(huì)被擺到一個(gè)重要的位置上來(lái)。只有在這個(gè)階段，美國(guó)的教育體系才會(huì)對(duì)學(xué)生提出較高的要求。
Read the following texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.
American Education System
The American educational system is based on the idea that as many people as possible should have access to as much education as possible. This fact alone distinguishes the US system from the most others, since in most others the objective is as much to screen people out as it is to keep them in. the US system has no standardized examinations whose results systematically prevent students from going to higher levels of study, as the British and many other systems do. Through secondary school and sometimes in post-secondary institutions as well, the American system tries to accommodate students even if their academic aspirations and aptitude are not high, even if they are physically ( and in some cases mentally) handicapped, and even if their native language is not English.
The idea that as many as people should have as much education as possible, of course, an outcome of the Americans’ assumptions about equality among people. These assumptions do not mean that everyone has an equal opportunity to enter Harvard, Stanford, or other highly competitive post-secondary institutions. Admission to such institutions is generally restricted to the most academically able. The less able can usually matriculate in a post-secondary institutions, as the Malaysians observed, but one of lower quality.
As of March 1982, only 3 percent of all Americans aged 25 or more had completed less than five years of elementary school. Seventy-one percent of those 25 or more had completed four years of high school or gone beyond that, and 17.7 percent had completed four or more years of post-secondary education. The median number of school years completed was 12.6. The number of tertiary (that is post-secondary) students per 100,000 inhabitants was 5,355. some contrast: the number of tertiary students per 100,000 in the population was 4,006 in Canada. In no other country, according to UNESCo data, was the number of post-secondary students above 2,700 per 100,000. Korea had 2,696 tertiary students per 100,000 inhabitants; Japan, 2030; the USSR, 1,890; Hong Kong, 1353; Malaysia, 472; and Ethiopia, 48.
Naturally, an educational system that retains as many as the American system does likely to enroll a broader range of students than a system that seeks to educate only the few who seem especially suited for academic work. In the American system, academic rigor tends to come later than it does in most other systems. In many instances, American students do not face truly demanding educational requirements until they seek a graduate (that is, a post-baccalaureate) degree. Many other systems place heavy demands on students as early as their primary years-though college may be far less demanding, as is the case in Japan.
1. According to the passage, the US is different from most other countries in ___.
A. culture.
B. economy
C. history
D. educational system.
2. The idea based in by the American educational system is that ____.
A. the result of the examination systematically prevent the students from going to a higher levels of study.
B. the US tries as much to screen people out as it is to keep them in.
C. as many people as possible should have as much education as possible.
D. The US should have standardized ecamination.
3. The american’s assumptions about equality among people result in ___.
A. standardized examination.
B. academic aspirations.
C. the idea of more people and more education.
D. Educational development.
4. In which countries was the number of tertiary students above 2,700 per 100,000?
A. In US and USSR
B. In Canada and Malaysia.
C. In Argentina and Canada.
D. In Canada and US.
5. The American educational system places heavy educational demands on students ___.
A. as early as their primary years.
B. before they seek a graduation degree.
C. after they begin to seek a graduate degree.
D. before they seek a bachelor degree.
解析：
1.D
文章的第一段的第二句話提到，單是這一教育體系的不同，就可以時(shí)美國(guó)和其他國(guó)家很容易地區(qū)分開(kāi)來(lái)。所以說(shuō)，美國(guó)與其他國(guó)家在教育體系上是不同的。
2.C
文章的第一句話就明確地指出美國(guó)的教育體系的基礎(chǔ)是使盡可能多的人接受盡可能多的教育這一理念。
3.C
從第二段的第一句話可以看出，使盡可能多的人接受盡可能多的教育是美國(guó)人關(guān)于人人平等這一假設(shè)的結(jié)果。也就是說(shuō)，美國(guó)提出的人人平等的假設(shè)導(dǎo)致了教育理念的產(chǎn)生。
4.D
文章的第三段指出，在加拿大，每10萬(wàn)人中接受高等教育的人數(shù)是4，006;而在美國(guó)每10萬(wàn)人中有5，355人接受了高等教育。所以每10萬(wàn)人中接受高等教育的人數(shù)在700人以上的只有美國(guó)和加拿大。
5.C
文章最后一段指出，美國(guó)的教育體系對(duì)成績(jī)的要求比其他國(guó)家晚。只有當(dāng)學(xué)生想要獲得碩士學(xué)位時(shí)，成績(jī)才會(huì)被擺到一個(gè)重要的位置上來(lái)。只有在這個(gè)階段，美國(guó)的教育體系才會(huì)對(duì)學(xué)生提出較高的要求。