40答案D
「參考譯文」Bernard Jessie關(guān)于什么的研究最？
「試題分析」同上
「詳細解答」先找到Berard Jessie，閱讀這個內(nèi)容。
PART Ⅳ TRANSLATION
SECTION A
「參考譯文」The old man said that what was wrong with me was that I was too keen to win.Then he told me that if my opponent was too eager to win I should use soft methods to transform him.While I was transforming him I should be setting up the situation in which to defeat him.Softness isn't weakness.It's containing，drawing in，holding.By holding and transforming your opponent you draw him into the strategy you're setting up.To create this strategic situation you do everything by forcing nothing.Forcing nothing is the Way.It's also the unchangeable nature of chess.Try to change it and it won't be chess.You won't just lose；You won't be able to play at all.You can't go against the nature of chess，but you have to creat your own strategy in every game you play.Once you've sorted out both the nature of chess itself and your own strategy there's nothing you can't do.It really is mysterious，but if you think it over carefully you'll find it's true.
「詳細解答」對待深奧的古文，可以用簡單易懂的當(dāng)代英語把文中諸多的術(shù)語及其所包含的深奧道理講得清清楚楚?！袄项^兒說我的毛病又太盛”可意譯，以及增譯為 “too keen to win”，“柔不是弱，是容，是收，是含”，譯成“softness isn't weakness.It's containing，drawing in，holding，”和原文的流暢性保持一致：“你想變，就不是象棋，輸不用說了，連棋邊兒都沾不上”譯為“Try to change it and it won't be chess.You won't just lose；you won't be able to play at all，”盡量使譯文保持原文的節(jié)奏與速度。
SECTION B
「參考譯文」于是我就寫了，寫好以后過了幾個小時，就鼓起勇氣，來到《新聞周報》編輯部，打算把它扔在信箱里，可是我沒有扔，或者說沒等我拿主意，是扔呢，還是拿回家去再看看拼法，查查詞典，門突然開了，里面站著一個面容憔悴的女人，我把東西往她手里一塞就走，拐了一個彎，還覺得自己好像是一個人差一點被當(dāng)場抓住，已經(jīng)引起懷疑，絲毫不能說已經(jīng)脫險了呢？
……我沒有勇氣再往編輯部那邊去。晚上經(jīng)常躺著，睡不著覺。每到星期四，一大早就起來，溜到最近一家賣報的那里，戰(zhàn)戰(zhàn)兢兢地拿起《新聞周報》看上一眼，還有點不愿讓人知道，仿佛那賣報的——順便說一下，這個女人也是窮苦人，都管她叫高爾龍?zhí)?——仿佛她會猜出我秘密。最后，在極度失望的情況下，我就來到報社，見到了阿奇博先生德爾，他好像很驚訝，對我說了許多鼓勵的話，還告訴我，他們把“共和國之歌”壓縮了一下，是想把它用在一個特殊的場合——迎接八小時工作制。
「詳細解答」這篇譯文中可適當(dāng)使用增譯法，詞序調(diào)整法，以及分譯法。例如 “…h(huán)ad been nearly caught on the premises under suspicious circumstances”利用譯法“差一點被當(dāng)場抓住，已經(jīng)引起懷疑”：“the Bulletin”運用增譯法“為《新聞周刊》編輯部”：“used to lie awake and get up very early and slip down to the nearest news-agent's on Thursday mornings”這一句可運用多種方法的綜合，見譯文。文中有些詞語理解要到位，“shove”為“to push forward or along”塞入：“haggard”為“appearing worn and gaunt”憔悴的：“on the premises”為“on the scene”當(dāng)場。
PART Ⅴ WRITING
「寫作指導(dǎo)」針對這個題目，考生應(yīng)該仔細思想，“科技對人類文明的影響”是比較容易作文的題目。因為無論是利與弊都可以找到內(nèi)容來寫。但就是因為容易寫好較難。
首先考生分析題目之后，開始構(gòu)思三段的成文?？萍及ㄒ约绑w現(xiàn)在哪些具體的方面，影響體現(xiàn)在哪些方面，以及影響的好壞程度，都是考生要反復(fù)思考的內(nèi)容?？偟膩碚f，科技的進步是推動人類文明的進步。著眼好這個立場之后，考生應(yīng)該思考進一步證明的問題。
在第二段中考生著重分層次談?wù)摽萍冀o生產(chǎn)力，即經(jīng)濟方面帶來的巨大影響。工業(yè)革命，電子革命帶來了生產(chǎn)工具的大量改進與發(fā)展，從而不斷推動生產(chǎn)力。經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展使人們被禁固的思維也得到解放，新的思路、理解方式、構(gòu)想創(chuàng)新推動了文化的全面繁榮。
在第三段中，作者綜合前面二段的內(nèi)容，再次將自己的立場進行小結(jié)，從而結(jié)束全文。
「Sample Writing」
The Impact of Science and Technology
On Human Civilization
Science and technology，experiencing the development of thousands of years，now has stepped to a fantastic spurt age which has greatly propeled the development of society and civilization，especially in the period of Industrial Revolution and Electronic Revolution.
Just as the Industrial Revolution took over an immense range of tasks from men's muscles to enormously expanded productivity，so the Electronic Revolution，representing by micro computer，is rapidly assuming huge burdens of drudgery from the human brain and thereby expanding the mind's capacities in ways that man has only began to grasp.These two revolutions help human beings step from savage，poverty，ignorance to modernity prosperity and intelligence.
Any new item of science and technology promises to do good to the development of civilization.Einstein's Theory of Relativity has an great impact on the development of nuclear industry.The inventory of steam engines，which was the symbol of Industrial Revolution，starts the page of modern transportation.Thanks to the investigation of the sun and earth by Copinia，humankind could get rid of the restraint of Catholics and society has became democraticly open.
The widest benefit of science and technology accrues to human being's daily life. Science and technology promise to enhance and simplify life. At home or office，routine chores will be performed with astonishing efficiency and speed.Leisure time，greatly increased，will be greatly enriched.Medical care will be with greater precision.Letters will not so easily go astray.Housewives are liberated from tedious housework， various programmed household appliances sharing the heavy burdens of clothes washing，cleaning，cooking shopping.
The spurt of science and technology，in turn，stimulates the development of humankind guaranteeing its advance at an accelerate speed.It is now an axiom in many fields of science in America that more new and important discoveries have taken place in the last ten years that in the entire previous history of science.This accelerate trend of science and technology has a large impact on the civilization.
「參考譯文」Bernard Jessie關(guān)于什么的研究最？
「試題分析」同上
「詳細解答」先找到Berard Jessie，閱讀這個內(nèi)容。
PART Ⅳ TRANSLATION
SECTION A
「參考譯文」The old man said that what was wrong with me was that I was too keen to win.Then he told me that if my opponent was too eager to win I should use soft methods to transform him.While I was transforming him I should be setting up the situation in which to defeat him.Softness isn't weakness.It's containing，drawing in，holding.By holding and transforming your opponent you draw him into the strategy you're setting up.To create this strategic situation you do everything by forcing nothing.Forcing nothing is the Way.It's also the unchangeable nature of chess.Try to change it and it won't be chess.You won't just lose；You won't be able to play at all.You can't go against the nature of chess，but you have to creat your own strategy in every game you play.Once you've sorted out both the nature of chess itself and your own strategy there's nothing you can't do.It really is mysterious，but if you think it over carefully you'll find it's true.
「詳細解答」對待深奧的古文，可以用簡單易懂的當(dāng)代英語把文中諸多的術(shù)語及其所包含的深奧道理講得清清楚楚?！袄项^兒說我的毛病又太盛”可意譯，以及增譯為 “too keen to win”，“柔不是弱，是容，是收，是含”，譯成“softness isn't weakness.It's containing，drawing in，holding，”和原文的流暢性保持一致：“你想變，就不是象棋，輸不用說了，連棋邊兒都沾不上”譯為“Try to change it and it won't be chess.You won't just lose；you won't be able to play at all，”盡量使譯文保持原文的節(jié)奏與速度。
SECTION B
「參考譯文」于是我就寫了，寫好以后過了幾個小時，就鼓起勇氣，來到《新聞周報》編輯部，打算把它扔在信箱里，可是我沒有扔，或者說沒等我拿主意，是扔呢，還是拿回家去再看看拼法，查查詞典，門突然開了，里面站著一個面容憔悴的女人，我把東西往她手里一塞就走，拐了一個彎，還覺得自己好像是一個人差一點被當(dāng)場抓住，已經(jīng)引起懷疑，絲毫不能說已經(jīng)脫險了呢？
……我沒有勇氣再往編輯部那邊去。晚上經(jīng)常躺著，睡不著覺。每到星期四，一大早就起來，溜到最近一家賣報的那里，戰(zhàn)戰(zhàn)兢兢地拿起《新聞周報》看上一眼，還有點不愿讓人知道，仿佛那賣報的——順便說一下，這個女人也是窮苦人，都管她叫高爾龍?zhí)?——仿佛她會猜出我秘密。最后，在極度失望的情況下，我就來到報社，見到了阿奇博先生德爾，他好像很驚訝，對我說了許多鼓勵的話，還告訴我，他們把“共和國之歌”壓縮了一下，是想把它用在一個特殊的場合——迎接八小時工作制。
「詳細解答」這篇譯文中可適當(dāng)使用增譯法，詞序調(diào)整法，以及分譯法。例如 “…h(huán)ad been nearly caught on the premises under suspicious circumstances”利用譯法“差一點被當(dāng)場抓住，已經(jīng)引起懷疑”：“the Bulletin”運用增譯法“為《新聞周刊》編輯部”：“used to lie awake and get up very early and slip down to the nearest news-agent's on Thursday mornings”這一句可運用多種方法的綜合，見譯文。文中有些詞語理解要到位，“shove”為“to push forward or along”塞入：“haggard”為“appearing worn and gaunt”憔悴的：“on the premises”為“on the scene”當(dāng)場。
PART Ⅴ WRITING
「寫作指導(dǎo)」針對這個題目，考生應(yīng)該仔細思想，“科技對人類文明的影響”是比較容易作文的題目。因為無論是利與弊都可以找到內(nèi)容來寫。但就是因為容易寫好較難。
首先考生分析題目之后，開始構(gòu)思三段的成文?？萍及ㄒ约绑w現(xiàn)在哪些具體的方面，影響體現(xiàn)在哪些方面，以及影響的好壞程度，都是考生要反復(fù)思考的內(nèi)容?？偟膩碚f，科技的進步是推動人類文明的進步。著眼好這個立場之后，考生應(yīng)該思考進一步證明的問題。
在第二段中考生著重分層次談?wù)摽萍冀o生產(chǎn)力，即經(jīng)濟方面帶來的巨大影響。工業(yè)革命，電子革命帶來了生產(chǎn)工具的大量改進與發(fā)展，從而不斷推動生產(chǎn)力。經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展使人們被禁固的思維也得到解放，新的思路、理解方式、構(gòu)想創(chuàng)新推動了文化的全面繁榮。
在第三段中，作者綜合前面二段的內(nèi)容，再次將自己的立場進行小結(jié)，從而結(jié)束全文。
「Sample Writing」
The Impact of Science and Technology
On Human Civilization
Science and technology，experiencing the development of thousands of years，now has stepped to a fantastic spurt age which has greatly propeled the development of society and civilization，especially in the period of Industrial Revolution and Electronic Revolution.
Just as the Industrial Revolution took over an immense range of tasks from men's muscles to enormously expanded productivity，so the Electronic Revolution，representing by micro computer，is rapidly assuming huge burdens of drudgery from the human brain and thereby expanding the mind's capacities in ways that man has only began to grasp.These two revolutions help human beings step from savage，poverty，ignorance to modernity prosperity and intelligence.
Any new item of science and technology promises to do good to the development of civilization.Einstein's Theory of Relativity has an great impact on the development of nuclear industry.The inventory of steam engines，which was the symbol of Industrial Revolution，starts the page of modern transportation.Thanks to the investigation of the sun and earth by Copinia，humankind could get rid of the restraint of Catholics and society has became democraticly open.
The widest benefit of science and technology accrues to human being's daily life. Science and technology promise to enhance and simplify life. At home or office，routine chores will be performed with astonishing efficiency and speed.Leisure time，greatly increased，will be greatly enriched.Medical care will be with greater precision.Letters will not so easily go astray.Housewives are liberated from tedious housework， various programmed household appliances sharing the heavy burdens of clothes washing，cleaning，cooking shopping.
The spurt of science and technology，in turn，stimulates the development of humankind guaranteeing its advance at an accelerate speed.It is now an axiom in many fields of science in America that more new and important discoveries have taken place in the last ten years that in the entire previous history of science.This accelerate trend of science and technology has a large impact on the civilization.