例如：2002年完型試題的30題
"It is generally recognized, ( 29 however ) , that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century, 30 by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process"
［A］brought［B］followed［C］stimulated［D］characterized
答案:［B］followed分析:正確解出本題的關(guān)鍵是把握清楚本填空所連接的前后兩部分的邏輯關(guān)系，而且由于前后兩部分的信息都配有明確的時(shí)間線索，時(shí)間就成為最方便利用的已知信息，通過(guò)時(shí)間線索馬上明確了"計(jì)算機(jī)的發(fā)明"早于"集成電路的發(fā)明"，4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有［B］followed能夠正確表達(dá)這種時(shí)間關(guān)系，其他3個(gè)選項(xiàng)都將"集成電路的發(fā)明"表達(dá)成早于"計(jì)算機(jī)的發(fā)明"。
總分結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)照分析法
由于總分之間的基本關(guān)系是互相支持，互相印證的對(duì)照關(guān)系，而且總述是對(duì)分述的總結(jié)和概括，而分述是對(duì)總述的展開(kāi)。當(dāng)一些未知填空出現(xiàn)在總述句時(shí)，解出這些填空的相關(guān)聯(lián)已知線索往往可以在與其對(duì)應(yīng)的分述部分找到。
例如：2000年考研試題的47題-應(yīng)用于形容詞的例子
"If no surplus is available, a farmer cannot be 47 . He must either sell some of his property or (48 seek)extra funds in form of loans. Naturally he will try to borrow money at a low (49 rate)of interest, but loans of this kind are not 50 obtainable."
［A］self-confident［B］self-sufficient［C］self-satisfied［D］self-restrained
答案：［B］self-sufficient
分析:本題處在一個(gè)總述句中：If no surplus is available, a farmer cannot be 47.在此句話之前，文章都是在講If surplus is available(有贏余的情況下),農(nóng)民的生活如何；實(shí)際上，從文章結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)看，從本題開(kāi)始出現(xiàn)了另一個(gè)意群，而If no surplus is available, a farmer cannot be 47為這個(gè)意群的總述句，即如果沒(méi)有贏余，農(nóng)民會(huì)怎樣？所以，僅僅看本題所在的句子所包含的已知信息是不夠的，還要看其他地方的相關(guān)已知信息，這個(gè)關(guān)鍵的相關(guān)已知信息就在分述部分；因?yàn)榭偸霾糠质菍?duì)分述部分的高度概括，只要總結(jié)出分述部分，本題答案就迎刃而解。
總結(jié)一下分述部分很容易判斷出47題的答案一定是［B］self-sufficient,因?yàn)榭偸鼍渲械膎ot be self-sufficient恰恰是對(duì)分述的概括.
例如：1999年考研試題的45題-應(yīng)用于動(dòng)詞的例子
"Successful safety programs may 45 greatly in the emphasis placed on certain aspects of the program. Some place great emphasis on mechanical guarding. Others stress safe work practices by (46 observing)rules or regulations. (47 Still) others depend on an emotional appeal to the worker. But, there are certain basic ideas that must be used in every program if maximum results are to be obtained."
［A］alter［B］differ［C］shift［D］distinguish
答案：［B］differ分析：45題所考查的動(dòng)詞處于本段的總述句中，既然分述所做的是"秉承總述的旨意"，我們通過(guò)分析分述的內(nèi)容就可以倒退出總述的意思。通過(guò)分述可以總結(jié)出"3種都是成功的安全項(xiàng)目(主語(yǔ))"做的動(dòng)作都是"將重點(diǎn)放置于(謂語(yǔ))"，"但所放置的點(diǎn)不同(賓語(yǔ))"。由此分述總結(jié)出總述句的主語(yǔ)Successful safety programs所要做的動(dòng)作(46題)就是"differ"。
例如：2002年考研試題的21題-甚至可以應(yīng)用于介詞
"Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened 21 . As was discussed before, it was not ( 22 ) the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic ( 23 ) , following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the ( 24 ) of the periodical. It was during the same time that the communications revolution ( 25 ) up, beginning with transport, the railway, and leading ( 26 ) through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pictures ( 27 ) the 20th-century world of the motor car and the air plane. Not everyone sees that process in ( 28 ) . It is important to do so.
［A］between［B］before［C］since［D］later
答案：between分析：解除本題所考查的介詞處于文章的總述部分- "作者要在兩個(gè)時(shí)間階段之間做比較。然后說(shuō)：但是很多事情發(fā)生了"。再去總結(jié)分述部分-"文章首段講19世紀(jì)出現(xiàn)了許多信息產(chǎn)品"，正好支持總述的much had happened，19世紀(jì)處于兩個(gè)時(shí)間段之間，答案一定是between。
對(duì)應(yīng)成分分析法
由于完型文章的上下文之間以及句子內(nèi)部之間往往有著一定的邏輯關(guān)系，句子的各個(gè)成分之間便形成一定的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系，考生可以根據(jù)這種邏輯關(guān)系找出與未知填空相對(duì)應(yīng)的已知成分作為線索，通過(guò)對(duì)應(yīng)的已知成分推斷出未知填空的答案。
(1)應(yīng)用于句子內(nèi)部
例如：1996年完型試題的第45題
"Vitamins are similar because they are made of the same elements- usually carbon, hydrogen , oxygen , and 45 nitrogen."
(A) mostly (B) partially (C) sometimes (D) rarely
答案: (C) sometimes分析:本題是一個(gè)典型的可以應(yīng)用"對(duì)應(yīng)成份分析法"解出的題?？梢钥闯?，45題與usually形成對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系：因?yàn)閡sually是頻度副詞，所以45題起碼要選擇頻度副詞，可以馬上排除不是頻度副詞的選項(xiàng)(A) mostly和(B) partially。(D) rarely(很少)雖然是頻度副詞，但由于45題與usually之間是and并列的邏輯關(guān)系，而rarely與usually是轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)立的關(guān)系，所以不對(duì)。只有(C) sometimes，既是頻度副詞，又可以與usually形成并列的邏輯關(guān)系。
(2)應(yīng)用于上下句之間
例如：1996年完型試題的第46題
"Vitamins are similar because they are
made of the same elements--usually carbon, hydrogen , oxygen , and 45 nitrogen. They are different 46 their elements are arranged differently"
46. (A) in that (B) so that (C) such that (D) except that
答案: (A) in that分析:本題應(yīng)用"對(duì)應(yīng)成份分析法"，分析如下：本題所在的這句話的句子結(jié)構(gòu)與本段的第一句的結(jié)構(gòu)一模一樣。通過(guò)分析，可以非常明確地看出46題與上句中的because形成對(duì)應(yīng)，也就是說(shuō)46題再選出一個(gè)表示because的選項(xiàng)，答案為(A) in that。例如：1996年完型試題的第49題
"(48 Getting)enough vitamins is essential to life, although the body has no nutritional use for 49 vitamins."
49. (A) exceptional (B) exceeding (C) excess (D) external
答案: (C) excess
分析:本題可應(yīng)用"對(duì)應(yīng)成份分析法"，分析如下：本題需要選出一個(gè)修飾vitamins的形容詞，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)前邊的從句中也有一個(gè)修飾vitamins的形容詞enough，而且前后兩句有著明確的邏輯關(guān)系-讓步關(guān)系的主從句。通過(guò)分析，可以非常明確地看出49題與上句中的enough形成對(duì)應(yīng)成份，而且兩者為對(duì)立的關(guān)系，所以本題的答案就是去4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中找一個(gè)與enough對(duì)立的選項(xiàng)即可，(C) excess是enough的對(duì)立選項(xiàng)，故為正確答案。
完型常見(jiàn)的上下文邏輯關(guān)系
把握和理解完型文章中上下句的邏輯關(guān)系是完型文章閱讀所要求的一個(gè)重要能力，因此，我們根據(jù)歷年的完型真題總結(jié)完型文章中上下句之間比較常見(jiàn)的幾種邏輯關(guān)系：
并列關(guān)系&部分常用標(biāo)志詞和短語(yǔ)
and, and also, or, neither……nor, either……or, likewise, similarly, equally, in the same way, that is to say,
遞進(jìn)關(guān)系&部分常用標(biāo)志詞和短語(yǔ)
then, besides, additionally, furthermore, moreover, in addition, what is more,
因果關(guān)系&部分常用標(biāo)志詞和短語(yǔ)
because, for, since, as, thus, hence, therefore, so, so…..that, consequently, accordingly,
轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系&部分常用標(biāo)志詞和短語(yǔ)
but, however, yet, on the contrary, by contrast, on the other hand, unfortunately,
讓步關(guān)系&部分常用標(biāo)志詞和短語(yǔ)
although, though, even though, even if, nevertheless, despite, in spite of,
除了以上常見(jiàn)的5種邏輯關(guān)系之外，比較常見(jiàn)的還有時(shí)間關(guān)系和條件關(guān)系。