1.含并列連詞and but or的平行結(jié)構(gòu)
解題要點(diǎn)當(dāng)上述并列連詞連接兩項(xiàng)或多項(xiàng)對等成分時(shí)，這些成分必須同詞性、同形式。特別注意出現(xiàn)三項(xiàng)以上(含三項(xiàng))的并列成分，多是考試焦點(diǎn)。
全真例題分析
(1) Quartz may be transparency, translucent, or opaque, and it may be colorless or colored (91.5)
[答案] A并列連詞or連接三項(xiàng)，其中兩項(xiàng)為形容詞translucent與opaque，故(A)應(yīng)用形容詞transparent與之并列。
(2) At the age of 94. Composer, conductor. Arranger. And acting Eva Jessye led her choral group in the first production of the opera porgy and Bess, written in 1935. (92.1)
[答案] A并列連詞and連接四項(xiàng)表示身份職業(yè)的名詞，故(A)動(dòng)名詞應(yīng)改為actress。
(3) Atrophy is a decrease in size of a cell, organ, tissues, or other part of the body such as (91.10)
[答案] C并列連詞or連接四項(xiàng)名詞結(jié)構(gòu)，其中cell和organ皆為單數(shù)形式，故(C)亦應(yīng)改為單數(shù)tissue。
(4) Direct mail advertising serves to acquaint customers with Products, alert them to new opportunities, and paving the way for other sales activities (93.1)
[答案] C并列連詞and連接三項(xiàng)動(dòng)賓結(jié)構(gòu)，前兩項(xiàng)均為動(dòng)詞原形，故(C)動(dòng)名詞亦應(yīng)改為原形動(dòng)詞pave.
(5) A majority of the reports received from people claiming to have seen the legendary Loch Ness monster have proven to be mistakes, misconceptions, or they were being tricked. (93.10)
[答案] D并列連詞or連接三項(xiàng)成分。前兩項(xiàng)均為名詞，故(D)不應(yīng)出現(xiàn)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，而應(yīng)改為名詞tricks與前面的mistakes和misconceptions平行。
(6) The tongue is capable of many motions and configurations and plays vital rode in chewing, swallowed and speaking.
[答案] D并列連詞and連接三個(gè)單詞。其中兩項(xiàng)均為動(dòng)名詞，故(D)亦應(yīng)改為動(dòng)名詞swallowing。
2.比較級句型要求對比雙方結(jié)構(gòu)對等，比較范圍相當(dāng)。
全真例題分析
(1) Probably no man had more effect on the daily lives of most people in the United States —— Henry Ford. A pioneer in automobile production.
(A) as was
(B) than was
(C) than did
(D) as did (92.8)
[答案] C比較句型more…than要求比較的雙方結(jié)構(gòu)相等。前項(xiàng)是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)形式had，故選(C)than did與之平行。
(2) The state of Maine generally has cooler temperatures than ——
(A) there are most other states
(B) most other states which have
(C) most other states have
(D) having most other states (93.10)
[答案] C這是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的more…than比較句型。只有(C)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)與相對比的前一項(xiàng)完全一致。
(3) The annual worth of Utah's manufacturing is greater than——
(A) that of its mining and farming combined
(B) mining and farming combination
(C) that mining and farming combined
(D) of its combination mining and farming (91.8)
[答案] A此句比較的是utah的年產(chǎn)值(the annual worth) (A)中that即代替了the annual worth，故前后比較的范圍，內(nèi)容一致。
(4) The activities of the international marketing researcher are frequently much broader than——
(A) the domestic marketer has
(B) the domestic marketer does
(C) those of the domestic marketer
(D) that which has the domestic marketer (91.5)
[答案] C此句比較的是國際市場研究者與國內(nèi)市場研究者的活動(dòng)(the activities)為避免同詞重復(fù)，用(C)those來代替前面的名詞the activities ,因而對比雙方比較的范圍是平行相等的。
(5) Fructose is a mono-saccharide sugar that is much sweeter ——
(A) than cane sugar does
(B) does cane sugar
(C) cane sugar
(D) than cane sugar (90.5)
[答案] D此比較句型前半部分主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，后半部不可出現(xiàn)助動(dòng)詞does(答案A及B)，但可省略系詞，如(D)。
解題要點(diǎn)當(dāng)上述并列連詞連接兩項(xiàng)或多項(xiàng)對等成分時(shí)，這些成分必須同詞性、同形式。特別注意出現(xiàn)三項(xiàng)以上(含三項(xiàng))的并列成分，多是考試焦點(diǎn)。
全真例題分析
(1) Quartz may be transparency, translucent, or opaque, and it may be colorless or colored (91.5)
[答案] A并列連詞or連接三項(xiàng)，其中兩項(xiàng)為形容詞translucent與opaque，故(A)應(yīng)用形容詞transparent與之并列。
(2) At the age of 94. Composer, conductor. Arranger. And acting Eva Jessye led her choral group in the first production of the opera porgy and Bess, written in 1935. (92.1)
[答案] A并列連詞and連接四項(xiàng)表示身份職業(yè)的名詞，故(A)動(dòng)名詞應(yīng)改為actress。
(3) Atrophy is a decrease in size of a cell, organ, tissues, or other part of the body such as (91.10)
[答案] C并列連詞or連接四項(xiàng)名詞結(jié)構(gòu)，其中cell和organ皆為單數(shù)形式，故(C)亦應(yīng)改為單數(shù)tissue。
(4) Direct mail advertising serves to acquaint customers with Products, alert them to new opportunities, and paving the way for other sales activities (93.1)
[答案] C并列連詞and連接三項(xiàng)動(dòng)賓結(jié)構(gòu)，前兩項(xiàng)均為動(dòng)詞原形，故(C)動(dòng)名詞亦應(yīng)改為原形動(dòng)詞pave.
(5) A majority of the reports received from people claiming to have seen the legendary Loch Ness monster have proven to be mistakes, misconceptions, or they were being tricked. (93.10)
[答案] D并列連詞or連接三項(xiàng)成分。前兩項(xiàng)均為名詞，故(D)不應(yīng)出現(xiàn)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，而應(yīng)改為名詞tricks與前面的mistakes和misconceptions平行。
(6) The tongue is capable of many motions and configurations and plays vital rode in chewing, swallowed and speaking.
[答案] D并列連詞and連接三個(gè)單詞。其中兩項(xiàng)均為動(dòng)名詞，故(D)亦應(yīng)改為動(dòng)名詞swallowing。
2.比較級句型要求對比雙方結(jié)構(gòu)對等，比較范圍相當(dāng)。
全真例題分析
(1) Probably no man had more effect on the daily lives of most people in the United States —— Henry Ford. A pioneer in automobile production.
(A) as was
(B) than was
(C) than did
(D) as did (92.8)
[答案] C比較句型more…than要求比較的雙方結(jié)構(gòu)相等。前項(xiàng)是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)形式had，故選(C)than did與之平行。
(2) The state of Maine generally has cooler temperatures than ——
(A) there are most other states
(B) most other states which have
(C) most other states have
(D) having most other states (93.10)
[答案] C這是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的more…than比較句型。只有(C)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)與相對比的前一項(xiàng)完全一致。
(3) The annual worth of Utah's manufacturing is greater than——
(A) that of its mining and farming combined
(B) mining and farming combination
(C) that mining and farming combined
(D) of its combination mining and farming (91.8)
[答案] A此句比較的是utah的年產(chǎn)值(the annual worth) (A)中that即代替了the annual worth，故前后比較的范圍，內(nèi)容一致。
(4) The activities of the international marketing researcher are frequently much broader than——
(A) the domestic marketer has
(B) the domestic marketer does
(C) those of the domestic marketer
(D) that which has the domestic marketer (91.5)
[答案] C此句比較的是國際市場研究者與國內(nèi)市場研究者的活動(dòng)(the activities)為避免同詞重復(fù)，用(C)those來代替前面的名詞the activities ,因而對比雙方比較的范圍是平行相等的。
(5) Fructose is a mono-saccharide sugar that is much sweeter ——
(A) than cane sugar does
(B) does cane sugar
(C) cane sugar
(D) than cane sugar (90.5)
[答案] D此比較句型前半部分主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，后半部不可出現(xiàn)助動(dòng)詞does(答案A及B)，但可省略系詞，如(D)。