3.平行結(jié)構(gòu)中的指代
平行結(jié)構(gòu)主要包括some/most/many/such/each…, others…; not only…but also…; the former…the latter等。在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，平行結(jié)構(gòu)兩個(gè)部分的兩個(gè)代詞經(jīng)常指代同一對(duì)象：前一句中的名詞主語。例如，
In Southwest France in the 1940s, playing children discovered Lascaux Grotto, a series of narrow cave chambers that contain huge prehistoric paintings of animals. Many of these beasts are as large as 16 feet (almost 5 meters). Some follow each other in solemn parades, but others swirl about, sideways and upside down.
The word others in the passage refers to
chambers
paintings
beasts
parades
原文包含平行結(jié)構(gòu)some…others，它們都指代前一句中的名詞主語beasts，因此第三個(gè)選項(xiàng)為正確答案。
4.所有格的指代
所有格代詞經(jīng)常指代其前面與其最接近的名詞。例如，
Folk-made objects give way to their popular equivalent, usually because the popular item is more quickly or cheaply produced, is easier or time saving to use, or lends more prestige to the owner.
The word “their” in line 1 refers to
(A)folk
(B)nations
(C)countries
(D)objects
根據(jù)所有格指代的解題技巧，their指代前面位置最近的名詞objects，因此(D)為正確答案。
5.指代的接力棒現(xiàn)象
這一現(xiàn)象是指被考的代詞對(duì)應(yīng)前面一個(gè)相同的代詞，而前面的代詞指代更前一句中的名詞。例如，
While such interviews can be highly entertaining, they are not necessarily an accurate indication of public opinion. First, they reflect the opinions of only those people who appear at a certain location.
The word “they” in line 8 refers to
(A)North Americans
(B)news shows
(C)interviews
(D)opinions
在這一例子中，第二句中的代詞they(reflect the opinions…)對(duì)應(yīng)第一句中的they(are not…)，而第一個(gè)they指代前面從句中的名詞主語interviews，那么第二個(gè)they也指代interviews，因此(C)為正確答案。
除了上述情況之外，其他指代，如定語從句中(of which…, in which…, from which…)的關(guān)系代詞指代先行詞，from there結(jié)構(gòu)中的there指代前面最接近的地點(diǎn)名詞等，限于篇幅，不再詳述
平行結(jié)構(gòu)主要包括some/most/many/such/each…, others…; not only…but also…; the former…the latter等。在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，平行結(jié)構(gòu)兩個(gè)部分的兩個(gè)代詞經(jīng)常指代同一對(duì)象：前一句中的名詞主語。例如，
In Southwest France in the 1940s, playing children discovered Lascaux Grotto, a series of narrow cave chambers that contain huge prehistoric paintings of animals. Many of these beasts are as large as 16 feet (almost 5 meters). Some follow each other in solemn parades, but others swirl about, sideways and upside down.
The word others in the passage refers to
chambers
paintings
beasts
parades
原文包含平行結(jié)構(gòu)some…others，它們都指代前一句中的名詞主語beasts，因此第三個(gè)選項(xiàng)為正確答案。
4.所有格的指代
所有格代詞經(jīng)常指代其前面與其最接近的名詞。例如，
Folk-made objects give way to their popular equivalent, usually because the popular item is more quickly or cheaply produced, is easier or time saving to use, or lends more prestige to the owner.
The word “their” in line 1 refers to
(A)folk
(B)nations
(C)countries
(D)objects
根據(jù)所有格指代的解題技巧，their指代前面位置最近的名詞objects，因此(D)為正確答案。
5.指代的接力棒現(xiàn)象
這一現(xiàn)象是指被考的代詞對(duì)應(yīng)前面一個(gè)相同的代詞，而前面的代詞指代更前一句中的名詞。例如，
While such interviews can be highly entertaining, they are not necessarily an accurate indication of public opinion. First, they reflect the opinions of only those people who appear at a certain location.
The word “they” in line 8 refers to
(A)North Americans
(B)news shows
(C)interviews
(D)opinions
在這一例子中，第二句中的代詞they(reflect the opinions…)對(duì)應(yīng)第一句中的they(are not…)，而第一個(gè)they指代前面從句中的名詞主語interviews，那么第二個(gè)they也指代interviews，因此(C)為正確答案。
除了上述情況之外，其他指代，如定語從句中(of which…, in which…, from which…)的關(guān)系代詞指代先行詞，from there結(jié)構(gòu)中的there指代前面最接近的地點(diǎn)名詞等，限于篇幅，不再詳述