關于缺乏對文章整體理解的問題
•考生通過速讀全文可以把握文章發(fā)展的基本思路,為下一步解題確定語境線索。
•完形填空所選短文一般無標題,文章的第一句話往往是引領全文的主題句,或者引出主題思想的相關內(nèi)容,是了解文章全貌的“窗口”。
•如果第一段第一句話很容易看懂,看完第一句話便可以迅速往下看。要是第一句話費解,不容易看懂,那么不妨看其他段落的首句,以及最后一句,以便能對全文做出大致的推測,心中有一個做題的方向。
•然后,迅速瀏覽全篇,不為空白處糾纏,捕捉文章的中心。這期間,需要根據(jù)上下文,有時還要參照各選項所提供的信息,進行理解。如果是故事性文章,時間、地點、人物就是關鍵詞;抓住了關鍵詞就抓住了故事的線索,就能理解全文。
•若是論述文,主題句,拓展句的識別十分重要,其中表達前后邏輯關系的連接性的詞是理解全篇的重要線索。
•由于短文中抽空達到10個,失去信息較多,如果考生瀏覽后不清楚其主題脈絡,也不必為此過多擔心,至少瀏覽一遍后有了一個初步印象,為后面做題和逐步理解創(chuàng)造了條件。
前面談到完形填空題要從整體理解,是就命題的初衷而言,也是一種理想的做題方法,要求應試者的英語水平跟得上。而從臨場經(jīng)驗和考生得分來看,整體理解只是與一部分題目直接相關,尤其是語義邏輯題,這類題的解題方法,我們在第三節(jié)中有專門討論。
•事實上還有很多題不需要太遠的上下文,甚至依靠本題所在句子作參照就可以解答,尤其是詞匯語法題。這對于許多基礎不好的考生來說,值得注意。
•我們以下面一篇試題為例作分析。
• The first and smallest unit that can be discussed in relation to language is the word. In speaking, the choice of words is 1 the utmost importance. Proper selection will eliminate one source of 2 breakdown in the communication cycle. Too often, careless use of words 3 a meeting of the mind of the speaker and listener. The words used by the speaker may 4 unfavorable reactions in the listener 5 interfere with his comprehension; hence, the transmission-reception system breaks down.
• 6 , inaccurate or indefinite words may make 7 difficult for the listener to understand the 8 which is being transmitted to him. The speaker who does not have specific words in working vocabulary may be 9 to explain or describe in a 10 that can be understood by listeners.
1. [A] of [B] at [C] for [D] on
2. [A] inaccessible [B] timely [C] likely [D] invalid
3. [A] encourages [B] prevents [C] destroys [D] offers
4. [A] pass out [B] take away [C] back up [D] stir up
5. [A] who [B] as [C] which [D] what
6. [A] Moreover [B] However [C] Preliminarily [D] Unexpectedly
7. [A] that [B] it [C] so [D] this
8. [A] speech [B] sense [C] message [D] meaning
9. [A] obscure [B] difficult [C] impossible [D] unable
10. [A] case [B] means [C] method [D] way
•本文首句The first and smallest unit that can be discussed in relation to language is the word. 提出了全篇要討論的話題。接著,文章討論了說話時選詞的重要性,適當?shù)倪x詞可以消除交流過程中的出現(xiàn)的障礙,而粗心的、不準確的用詞則會阻礙說話雙方的思想交流,甚至引起聽話人的不快,考試,大祝你好運。
•由以上實例分析我們看到,相當多的題目無須聯(lián)系全篇就能解決,過多聯(lián)系上下文反而耽誤時間。所以考生不必因為沒弄清文章整體大意而惴惴不安,影響做題。當然,事先了解文章大意不論是對做語義邏輯題還是詞匯語法題都是有幫助的,但前提是不能在理解上花費太多的時間,畢竟這不是閱讀理解題
•考生通過速讀全文可以把握文章發(fā)展的基本思路,為下一步解題確定語境線索。
•完形填空所選短文一般無標題,文章的第一句話往往是引領全文的主題句,或者引出主題思想的相關內(nèi)容,是了解文章全貌的“窗口”。
•如果第一段第一句話很容易看懂,看完第一句話便可以迅速往下看。要是第一句話費解,不容易看懂,那么不妨看其他段落的首句,以及最后一句,以便能對全文做出大致的推測,心中有一個做題的方向。
•然后,迅速瀏覽全篇,不為空白處糾纏,捕捉文章的中心。這期間,需要根據(jù)上下文,有時還要參照各選項所提供的信息,進行理解。如果是故事性文章,時間、地點、人物就是關鍵詞;抓住了關鍵詞就抓住了故事的線索,就能理解全文。
•若是論述文,主題句,拓展句的識別十分重要,其中表達前后邏輯關系的連接性的詞是理解全篇的重要線索。
•由于短文中抽空達到10個,失去信息較多,如果考生瀏覽后不清楚其主題脈絡,也不必為此過多擔心,至少瀏覽一遍后有了一個初步印象,為后面做題和逐步理解創(chuàng)造了條件。
前面談到完形填空題要從整體理解,是就命題的初衷而言,也是一種理想的做題方法,要求應試者的英語水平跟得上。而從臨場經(jīng)驗和考生得分來看,整體理解只是與一部分題目直接相關,尤其是語義邏輯題,這類題的解題方法,我們在第三節(jié)中有專門討論。
•事實上還有很多題不需要太遠的上下文,甚至依靠本題所在句子作參照就可以解答,尤其是詞匯語法題。這對于許多基礎不好的考生來說,值得注意。
•我們以下面一篇試題為例作分析。
• The first and smallest unit that can be discussed in relation to language is the word. In speaking, the choice of words is 1 the utmost importance. Proper selection will eliminate one source of 2 breakdown in the communication cycle. Too often, careless use of words 3 a meeting of the mind of the speaker and listener. The words used by the speaker may 4 unfavorable reactions in the listener 5 interfere with his comprehension; hence, the transmission-reception system breaks down.
• 6 , inaccurate or indefinite words may make 7 difficult for the listener to understand the 8 which is being transmitted to him. The speaker who does not have specific words in working vocabulary may be 9 to explain or describe in a 10 that can be understood by listeners.
1. [A] of [B] at [C] for [D] on
2. [A] inaccessible [B] timely [C] likely [D] invalid
3. [A] encourages [B] prevents [C] destroys [D] offers
4. [A] pass out [B] take away [C] back up [D] stir up
5. [A] who [B] as [C] which [D] what
6. [A] Moreover [B] However [C] Preliminarily [D] Unexpectedly
7. [A] that [B] it [C] so [D] this
8. [A] speech [B] sense [C] message [D] meaning
9. [A] obscure [B] difficult [C] impossible [D] unable
10. [A] case [B] means [C] method [D] way
•本文首句The first and smallest unit that can be discussed in relation to language is the word. 提出了全篇要討論的話題。接著,文章討論了說話時選詞的重要性,適當?shù)倪x詞可以消除交流過程中的出現(xiàn)的障礙,而粗心的、不準確的用詞則會阻礙說話雙方的思想交流,甚至引起聽話人的不快,考試,大祝你好運。
•由以上實例分析我們看到,相當多的題目無須聯(lián)系全篇就能解決,過多聯(lián)系上下文反而耽誤時間。所以考生不必因為沒弄清文章整體大意而惴惴不安,影響做題。當然,事先了解文章大意不論是對做語義邏輯題還是詞匯語法題都是有幫助的,但前提是不能在理解上花費太多的時間,畢竟這不是閱讀理解題