第五節(jié)閱讀理解強(qiáng)化練習(xí)
Passage 3
At the University of Kansas art museum, scientists tested the effect of different colored walls on two groups of visitors to an exhibit of paintings. For the first group the room was painted white; for the second, dark brown. Movement of each group was followed by electrical equipment under the carpet. The experiment showed that those who entered the dark brown walked more quickly, covered more area, and spent less time in the room than people in the white one. Dark brown made people more active, but the activity ended sooner. Not only the choice of colors but also the general appearance of a room affects those inside. Another experiment presented people with photographs of faces whose energy was to be commented.
Three groups of people were used; each was shown the same photos, but each group was in an ordinary room — a nice office. The third was in a tastefully designed living room with carpeting. Results showed that the people in the beautiful room tend to give higher marks to the faces than those in the ugly room did. Other studies that students do better on tests taken in comfortable room than in ordinary-looking or ugly rooms.
11. Which of the following is the best expression of the main idea of this passage?
A. People in beautiful rooms tend to give higher marks to photos of faces than people in ugly rooms.
B. The color and general appearance of a room have a deeper effect on the behavior of the people in it.
C. The University of Kansas has studied the effects of the color of room on people磗 behavior.
D. Beautifully furnished, light-coloured rooms make people more comfortable than ugly, dark rooms.
12. According to the passage, we may conclude that the whiter a room is ________.
A. the longer people like to stay in it B. the sooner people in it will leave
C. the more active people in it will become D. the more excited people
13. What is referred to as the “general appearance” in this passage is ________.
A. how many broadwindows a room has,
B. through which sunlight might come in the size of a room
C. whether there are beautiful walls in a room
D. what the room looks like
14. This passage provides us with _______.
A. a piece of scientific information B. a normal lesson
C. an interesting test D. a piece of news
15. At least how many tests were carriedout by the scientists referred to in this passage?
A. Three B. Two C. Only oneD. No one knows
11.【答案】B。
【解析】主旨大意題。全篇文章在談到人們對(duì)不同顏色及房子的外觀(guān)給人們的行為有深刻的影響。其中看這一句：Not only the choice of colors but also the general appearance of a room affects those inside。
12.【答案】A。
【解析】細(xì)節(jié)判斷題?？丛洌篢he experiment showed that those who entered the dark brown walked more quickly, covered more area, and spent less time in the room than people in the white one。由此可以推斷出來(lái)：人們?cè)敢庾≡诎咨姆孔永锒辉敢庾≡诤谏姆孔永铩?BR> 13.【答案】D。
【解析】邏輯推理。即房子的外觀(guān)。
14.【答案】A。
【解析】這一結(jié)論是依據(jù)科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)得出的。因此正確選項(xiàng)為A。
15.【答案】A。
【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。第三段很明確地告訴讀者，受試者一共分為三組。
Passage 4
One of the greatest problems for those settlers in Nebraska in the last quarter of the previous century was fuel. Little of the state was forested when the first settlers arrived and it is probable that by 1880, only about one-third of the originally forested area remained, down to a mere 1 percent of the state磗 77,000 square miles. With wood and coal out of the question, and with fuel needed year-round for cooking, and during the harsh winter months for heating, some solution had to be found.
Somewhat improbably, the buffalo provided the answer. Buffalo chips (干糞塊) were found to burn evenly, hotly, and cleanly, with little smoke and interestingly, no odor. Soon, collecting them became a way of life for the settlers children who would pick them up on their way to and from school, or take part in competitions designed to counteract their natural reluctance. Even a young man, seeking to impress the girl he wanted to marry, would arrive with a large bag of chips rather than with a box of candy or a bunch of flowers.
16. What is the main topic of this passage?
A. The solution to the Nebraska settlers fuel problem.
B. Life in Nebraska in the late ninteenth century.
C. The imporance of the American buffalo.
D. Deforestation in Nebraska in the late nineteenth century.
17. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Nebraska was not a densely-forested state even before the settlers arrived.
B. The children enjoyed collecting the buffalo chips.
C. The children spent a lot of time collecting the chips.
D. Buffalo chips were satisfactory as a fuel.
18. The passage implies that buffalo chips were needed _______.
A. in greater amounts in summer B. in greater amounts in winter
C. only in summer D. only in winter
19. Which of the following does the author not express surprise at?
A. The children needed competitions to them.
B. The buffalo chips gave off no smell.
C. Buffalo chips were the answer to the settlers fuel problem.
D. Young men took bags of buffalo chips to their girl friends.
20. What磗 the best title of the passage?
A. Early Settlers B. One Use of the Buffalo Chips
C. Nebraska磗 Problems D. How Young Men Express Their Love for Girls
16.【答案】A。
【解析】細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。第一段告訴我們：One of the greatest problems for those settlers in Nebraska in the last quarter of the previous century was fuel。燃料是當(dāng)時(shí)Nebraska的問(wèn)題之一。
17.【答案】B。
【解析】推斷題。孩子們?cè)谏舷聦W(xué)的路上揀干糞塊并不是樂(lè)意，而是不得不為之。
18.【答案】B。
【解析】推斷型問(wèn)題。由于在Nebraska燃料是當(dāng)?shù)厝藗兊膯?wèn)題。甚至連小伙子們會(huì)見(jiàn)姑娘都要帶一包干糞塊，可見(jiàn)其在人們心目中的重要程度。
19.【答案】A。
【解析】推斷型。文中提到children …take part in competitions in collecting buffalo chips。
20.【答案】B。
【解析】主旨大意題。整篇文章主要是談及的Nebraska燃料缺乏，對(duì)早期移民的重要性。根據(jù)文章分析可以得知正確選項(xiàng)是B。
Passage 3
At the University of Kansas art museum, scientists tested the effect of different colored walls on two groups of visitors to an exhibit of paintings. For the first group the room was painted white; for the second, dark brown. Movement of each group was followed by electrical equipment under the carpet. The experiment showed that those who entered the dark brown walked more quickly, covered more area, and spent less time in the room than people in the white one. Dark brown made people more active, but the activity ended sooner. Not only the choice of colors but also the general appearance of a room affects those inside. Another experiment presented people with photographs of faces whose energy was to be commented.
Three groups of people were used; each was shown the same photos, but each group was in an ordinary room — a nice office. The third was in a tastefully designed living room with carpeting. Results showed that the people in the beautiful room tend to give higher marks to the faces than those in the ugly room did. Other studies that students do better on tests taken in comfortable room than in ordinary-looking or ugly rooms.
11. Which of the following is the best expression of the main idea of this passage?
A. People in beautiful rooms tend to give higher marks to photos of faces than people in ugly rooms.
B. The color and general appearance of a room have a deeper effect on the behavior of the people in it.
C. The University of Kansas has studied the effects of the color of room on people磗 behavior.
D. Beautifully furnished, light-coloured rooms make people more comfortable than ugly, dark rooms.
12. According to the passage, we may conclude that the whiter a room is ________.
A. the longer people like to stay in it B. the sooner people in it will leave
C. the more active people in it will become D. the more excited people
13. What is referred to as the “general appearance” in this passage is ________.
A. how many broadwindows a room has,
B. through which sunlight might come in the size of a room
C. whether there are beautiful walls in a room
D. what the room looks like
14. This passage provides us with _______.
A. a piece of scientific information B. a normal lesson
C. an interesting test D. a piece of news
15. At least how many tests were carriedout by the scientists referred to in this passage?
A. Three B. Two C. Only oneD. No one knows
11.【答案】B。
【解析】主旨大意題。全篇文章在談到人們對(duì)不同顏色及房子的外觀(guān)給人們的行為有深刻的影響。其中看這一句：Not only the choice of colors but also the general appearance of a room affects those inside。
12.【答案】A。
【解析】細(xì)節(jié)判斷題?？丛洌篢he experiment showed that those who entered the dark brown walked more quickly, covered more area, and spent less time in the room than people in the white one。由此可以推斷出來(lái)：人們?cè)敢庾≡诎咨姆孔永锒辉敢庾≡诤谏姆孔永铩?BR> 13.【答案】D。
【解析】邏輯推理。即房子的外觀(guān)。
14.【答案】A。
【解析】這一結(jié)論是依據(jù)科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)得出的。因此正確選項(xiàng)為A。
15.【答案】A。
【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。第三段很明確地告訴讀者，受試者一共分為三組。
Passage 4
One of the greatest problems for those settlers in Nebraska in the last quarter of the previous century was fuel. Little of the state was forested when the first settlers arrived and it is probable that by 1880, only about one-third of the originally forested area remained, down to a mere 1 percent of the state磗 77,000 square miles. With wood and coal out of the question, and with fuel needed year-round for cooking, and during the harsh winter months for heating, some solution had to be found.
Somewhat improbably, the buffalo provided the answer. Buffalo chips (干糞塊) were found to burn evenly, hotly, and cleanly, with little smoke and interestingly, no odor. Soon, collecting them became a way of life for the settlers children who would pick them up on their way to and from school, or take part in competitions designed to counteract their natural reluctance. Even a young man, seeking to impress the girl he wanted to marry, would arrive with a large bag of chips rather than with a box of candy or a bunch of flowers.
16. What is the main topic of this passage?
A. The solution to the Nebraska settlers fuel problem.
B. Life in Nebraska in the late ninteenth century.
C. The imporance of the American buffalo.
D. Deforestation in Nebraska in the late nineteenth century.
17. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Nebraska was not a densely-forested state even before the settlers arrived.
B. The children enjoyed collecting the buffalo chips.
C. The children spent a lot of time collecting the chips.
D. Buffalo chips were satisfactory as a fuel.
18. The passage implies that buffalo chips were needed _______.
A. in greater amounts in summer B. in greater amounts in winter
C. only in summer D. only in winter
19. Which of the following does the author not express surprise at?
A. The children needed competitions to them.
B. The buffalo chips gave off no smell.
C. Buffalo chips were the answer to the settlers fuel problem.
D. Young men took bags of buffalo chips to their girl friends.
20. What磗 the best title of the passage?
A. Early Settlers B. One Use of the Buffalo Chips
C. Nebraska磗 Problems D. How Young Men Express Their Love for Girls
16.【答案】A。
【解析】細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。第一段告訴我們：One of the greatest problems for those settlers in Nebraska in the last quarter of the previous century was fuel。燃料是當(dāng)時(shí)Nebraska的問(wèn)題之一。
17.【答案】B。
【解析】推斷題。孩子們?cè)谏舷聦W(xué)的路上揀干糞塊并不是樂(lè)意，而是不得不為之。
18.【答案】B。
【解析】推斷型問(wèn)題。由于在Nebraska燃料是當(dāng)?shù)厝藗兊膯?wèn)題。甚至連小伙子們會(huì)見(jiàn)姑娘都要帶一包干糞塊，可見(jiàn)其在人們心目中的重要程度。
19.【答案】A。
【解析】推斷型。文中提到children …take part in competitions in collecting buffalo chips。
20.【答案】B。
【解析】主旨大意題。整篇文章主要是談及的Nebraska燃料缺乏，對(duì)早期移民的重要性。根據(jù)文章分析可以得知正確選項(xiàng)是B。