二、概念一致(語言內(nèi)容上一致)
1、有些集合名詞如crowd, family, team, orchestra(管弦樂隊), group, government, committee, class, school, union, firm, staff, public等,它們作主語時,謂語動詞的數(shù)要根據(jù)語言內(nèi)容而定。如果它們作為一個集體單位時,動詞用單數(shù)形式,如就其中的各個成員來說,則謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如:
His family is going to move. 他準(zhǔn)備搬家。
His family are very well. 他家人身體都好。
2、有些表示總體意義的名詞,形式上是單數(shù),而意義上卻是復(fù)數(shù),謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式,如people, police, militia, cattle, poultry(家禽)等。例如:
The police are searching for a tall dark man with a beard.
警察正在搜尋一位膚色黝黑、長胡子的高個子男人。
3、有些名詞形式上是復(fù)數(shù),而意義上卻是單數(shù)。如news, means, works.還有許多以ics結(jié)尾的學(xué)科名稱,如economics, physics, mechanics, politics等,它們作主語時,謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。例如:
Politics is a complicated business. 政治學(xué)是一門復(fù)雜的東西。
Here is the news. 下面播送新聞。
4、用and連接的單數(shù)主語,前面有each, every, many a, no等修飾時,謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。復(fù)數(shù)主語與each連用時,應(yīng)不受each的影響,謂語動詞仍用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如:
Every boy and girl is treated in the same way.
每個男孩、女孩都是以同樣的方式對待的。
Many a boy and many a girl has seen it. 很多姑娘小伙子都見過。
The old workers and the young each have their own tools.
青老年工人都各自有自己的工具。
5、表示重量、度量、衡量、價值的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語,謂語動詞常用單數(shù)形式。例如:
Twenty miles is a long way to walk. 二十里地可是個不近的路程。
Three pints isn’t enough to get me drunk. 三品脫還不至于把我灌醉。
the +形容詞作主語時,如主語指的是一類人,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式;如果指的是單個人或抽象概念,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。例如:
The departed was a good friend of his. 死者是他的一位好友。
1、有些集合名詞如crowd, family, team, orchestra(管弦樂隊), group, government, committee, class, school, union, firm, staff, public等,它們作主語時,謂語動詞的數(shù)要根據(jù)語言內(nèi)容而定。如果它們作為一個集體單位時,動詞用單數(shù)形式,如就其中的各個成員來說,則謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如:
His family is going to move. 他準(zhǔn)備搬家。
His family are very well. 他家人身體都好。
2、有些表示總體意義的名詞,形式上是單數(shù),而意義上卻是復(fù)數(shù),謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式,如people, police, militia, cattle, poultry(家禽)等。例如:
The police are searching for a tall dark man with a beard.
警察正在搜尋一位膚色黝黑、長胡子的高個子男人。
3、有些名詞形式上是復(fù)數(shù),而意義上卻是單數(shù)。如news, means, works.還有許多以ics結(jié)尾的學(xué)科名稱,如economics, physics, mechanics, politics等,它們作主語時,謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。例如:
Politics is a complicated business. 政治學(xué)是一門復(fù)雜的東西。
Here is the news. 下面播送新聞。
4、用and連接的單數(shù)主語,前面有each, every, many a, no等修飾時,謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。復(fù)數(shù)主語與each連用時,應(yīng)不受each的影響,謂語動詞仍用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如:
Every boy and girl is treated in the same way.
每個男孩、女孩都是以同樣的方式對待的。
Many a boy and many a girl has seen it. 很多姑娘小伙子都見過。
The old workers and the young each have their own tools.
青老年工人都各自有自己的工具。
5、表示重量、度量、衡量、價值的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語,謂語動詞常用單數(shù)形式。例如:
Twenty miles is a long way to walk. 二十里地可是個不近的路程。
Three pints isn’t enough to get me drunk. 三品脫還不至于把我灌醉。
the +形容詞作主語時,如主語指的是一類人,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式;如果指的是單個人或抽象概念,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。例如:
The departed was a good friend of his. 死者是他的一位好友。