2008年工程碩士GCT英語考試詞匯語法指導(dǎo)四十一

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1.一般現(xiàn)在時:
    在以as soon as, when, after等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中, 或以if, unless等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中,通常使用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。例如:
    I’ll ring you as soon as he comes back.
    You’ll succeed if you try your best.
    2.現(xiàn)在進行時
    有些表示狀態(tài)和感覺的動詞通常無進行時,除非這類動詞的詞義發(fā)生變化。這類動詞有:be, love, like, hate, believe, think, feel, seem等。例如:
    Do you see anyone over there?
    Are you seeing someone off? (see off 意思是“送行”)
     現(xiàn)在進行時也可用來給習(xí)慣動作加上贊賞或討厭等感情色彩。例如:
    She is always cooking some delicious food for her family.
    He is always finding fault with his employees.
    3.現(xiàn)在完成時
    現(xiàn)在完成時表示目前已完成的動作或剛剛完成的動作, 也可表示從過去某一刻發(fā)生,現(xiàn)在仍延續(xù)著的動作或情況。此時態(tài)強調(diào)動作對現(xiàn)在的影響。例如:
    The conference has lasted for five days.
    He’s just bought an unusual taxi.
    1) 當句子中出現(xiàn)表示到現(xiàn)在為止這段時間的狀語時,謂語動詞一般用現(xiàn)在完成時。此類狀語有up to (till) now, so far, these days, this summer, for…(后接一段時間的短語),since…(后接過去某個具體時間)等。例如:
    We haven’t seen each other again since we graduated in 1987.
    2) 句中謂語動詞是用一般過去時還是用現(xiàn)在完成時主要取決于動作是否對現(xiàn)在有影響。例如:
    What did she say about it?
    I have lived in Beijing for 15 years.
    4.一般過去時
    1) 一般過去時常與表示過去的時間狀語或從句連用,如yesterday, last week, in 1993, at that time, once, during the war, before, a few days ago, when…等。
    2) “used to +動詞原形”表示“過去經(jīng)常”而現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)停止的習(xí)慣動作。例如:
    He used to work fourteen hours a day.
    3) 另外,注意區(qū)別 “used to ”和 “be/get/become used to ”。后者意為“習(xí)慣于……”,to為介詞,后跟名詞或動名詞。