專業(yè)四級考試詞匯語法詳解九(1)

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Test Nine
    動詞后接不定式或動名詞
    有些動詞或詞組如admit, appreciate, avoid, consale, defer, delay, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, mention, mind, miss, quit, postpone, practise, resist, risk, (can't) stand, suggest, give up, put off等后面只能接動名詞。例如:
    I enjoy playing football.
    I don't mind sleeping with the door open.
    有些動詞如stop, remember, forget, try, mean等接不定式或動名詞做賓語,意思各不相同。
    try doing sth試試看(沒有付諸的行動)
    try to do盡力去做(已有行動)
    mean doing sth意味著
    mean to do sth打算
    近義詞辨析
    change, alter, convert, modify, vary
    這組詞均含有“變化”的意思。
    change
    最常用,指任何一種變化過程,但多用于指某人或某物發(fā)生根本性轉(zhuǎn)變,失去了原來的身份特征,前后完全不同。
    Years of hard work had changed her a great deal.多年辛苦勞作使她變了很多。
    alter
    指對人或事物的某些特征進行某種程度的更改,但并沒有使人或事物的性質(zhì)發(fā)生根本改變。
    She had to ask the dressmaker to alter the dress for her.她不得不請裁縫把衣服改一下。
    convert
    指使事物的條件、性質(zhì)、功能等發(fā)生重要改變、轉(zhuǎn)換、或轉(zhuǎn)化。
    Scientists are trying to find cheaper ways to convert salt water to fresh water.科學家在努力尋找將海水淡化的更廉價的方法。
    modify
    指在較小的范圍內(nèi)進行形式上的修改或調(diào)整。
    They have to modify the terms of their lease.他們不得不修改租賃條款。
    vary
    可以指僅僅改變事物的外觀,也可指使事物的內(nèi)在性質(zhì)發(fā)生變化,通常是在同一組事物中將一種情形改變?yōu)榱硪环N情形。
    She varies the program each month to make it more attractive.每個月她都對節(jié)目做些變動,使它更吸引人。