禽流感常用英語詞匯

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     World Health Organization (WHO)聯(lián)合國世界衛(wèi)生組織
    Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)美國國家疾病控制與預(yù)防中心
    Beijing municipal animal epidemic prevention centre 北京市動物流行病防治中心
    bird flu / avian flu / avian influenza / fowl plague / 禽流感,又稱真性雞瘟、歐洲雞瘟
    outbreak 爆發(fā)
    suspected cases 疑似疫情
    confirmed cases 診斷疫情
    test positive 檢測為陽性
    highly pathogenic suspected cases高致病性禽流感疫區(qū)
    poultry farms 家禽農(nóng)場
    disease-affected areas 疾病感染地區(qū)
    disposal of animal wastes 動物糞便的處理
    disinfection 消毒
    inactive virus 非活性病毒
    circulate 傳播,流傳
    contagious 接觸傳染性的
    outbreak 爆發(fā)
    vaccinate 注射疫苗
    influenza pandemic 流感流行
    infection 傳染病
    virulent 劇毒的;致命的
    strain (身心的)緊張狀態(tài)
    populous 人口眾多的,人口稠密的
    trigger 觸發(fā),引起
    respiratory symptom 呼吸道癥狀
    human-to-human transmission 人與人之間的傳染
    within-family transmission 家庭成員間的傳染
    pathogen 病原體
    mortality rate 死亡率
    fever 感冒
    cough 咳嗽
    sore throat 喉嚨疼痛發(fā)炎
    pneumonia肺炎
    acute respiratory distress 急性的呼吸道疾病
    viral pneumonia 病毒性肺炎
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    紫外線 ultraviolet radiation
    消毒劑 disinfectants
    防護服 protective clothing,masks of N95-type
    撲殺(動物) cull,stamp out, destroy
    獸體 carcasses
    帶病毒的(動物)糞便 contaminated manure/droppings/faeces
    機械性傳媒 mechanical vectors
    自然宿主 natural reservoir (of bird flu viruses)
    抗傳染 resistant to infection
    流感流行 influenza pandemic
    禽傳人 birds-to-human transmission
    人傳人 human-to-human transmission, person-to-person transmission
    人患禽流感 human cases of bird flu
    世界衛(wèi)生組織全球流感監(jiān)測網(wǎng)絡(luò) WHO Global Influenza Surveillance Network
    網(wǎng)絡(luò)實驗室 network laboratories
    H5N1類禽流感 H5N1 strain
    預(yù)防措施 pre-emptive measures/preventative measures
    有與其它流感病毒交換基因的傾向 to have the propensity to exchange genes with influenza viruses from other species.
    現(xiàn)有的疫苗 currently available vaccines, existing vaccines
    注射疫苗 vaccinate
    (病毒)分離 isolate
    原型病毒 prototype virus
    正粘病毒 Orthomyxo Virus
    哺乳動物病毒mammalian virus
    流感病毒屬Influenza Virus
    原型疫苗 prototype vaccine
    H5N1原型病毒 H5N1prototype virus
    儲存疫苗 stockpiling vaccines
    突然發(fā)病 sudden onset
    引發(fā)流感流行 trigging an influenza pandemic
    病毒突變 mutate,virus mutation
    基因交換 gene swapping
    基因重組 genetic recombination
    基因易變 genetically labile
    宿主的防御能力host defense
    (基因)復(fù)制錯誤 replication errors
    基因修復(fù) gene repair
    抗原變體antigenic variant
    抗原變異 antigenic variation
    抗原飄移 antigenic drift
    抗原位移 antigenic shift
    從病毒中獲取遺傳物質(zhì) scrambling/acquiring genetic materials from human and avian viruses
    “混合器” “mixing vessel”
    流感的亞型 influenza subtype
    自然免疫力 natural immunity
    禽流感常用生化術(shù)語詞匯
    hemagglutinin 血凝素
    Neuraminidase 神經(jīng)氨酸酶
    Nucleoprotein 核蛋白
    Nonstructural Protein 非結(jié)構(gòu)蛋白
    Matrix Protein 基質(zhì)蛋白
    world organization for animal health (OIE) 國際獸醫(yī)組織
    HPAIV 高致病性禽流感病毒
    LPAIV 低致病性禽流感病毒
    NPAIV 無致病性禽流感病毒
    seasonal epidemics 季節(jié)性流行病
    avian influenza/ bird flu 禽流感
    high pathogenicity 高致病性
    Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza/HPAI 高致病性禽流感
    migratory waterfowl 遷徙性的水禽
    shore birds 岸禽
    poultry 家禽
    prophylactic measures 防病措施
    rapid bedside tests 快速病房試驗
    antiviral drugs 抗病毒藥物
    Tamiflu 泰米弗氯 (瑞士羅氏制藥公司研制的抗流感藥物)
    M2 inhibitors M2抑制劑
    amantadine 金剛(烷)胺, 三環(huán)癸胺(抗病毒藥)
    rimantadine 金剛烷乙胺
    neuralminidase inhibitors 神經(jīng)氨(糖)酸苷酶, 唾液酸苷酶
    zanimivir 扎那米韋(葛蘭素史克生產(chǎn)的抗流感藥物)能迅速破壞流感病毒傳染性的化學(xué)物品:
    organic solvent 有機溶劑
    aether 乙醚
    chloroform 氯仿
    acetone 丙酮
    formalin 福爾馬林
    oxidant 氧化劑
    diluted acid 稀酸
    deoxysodium cholate 去氧膽酸鈉
    hydroxylamine 羥胺
    lauryl sodium sulfate 十二烷基硫酸鈉
    ammonium ion 銨離子
    halogen compounds 鹵素化合物
    bleaching powder 漂白粉
    idodine 碘劑
    heavy metal ion 重金屬離子