13. “Responsibility for preserving the natural environment ultimately belongs to each individual person, not to government.”
“保護自然環(huán)境的責(zé)任完全屬于每個個人，而非政府?！?BR> 1， 個人往往是按照自己的利益辦事即使有環(huán)保意愿但和個人利益沖突或要損失個人利益時候往往就會選擇犧牲環(huán)境moreover個人往往是短視的，只關(guān)注眼前不注意長遠(yuǎn)。政府則相反
2， 環(huán)保常常規(guī)模很大，個人無力完成。
3， 誠然每個保護環(huán)境的措施都是要個人的參與的。但是這種參與是在政府的統(tǒng)籌下的。象作者那樣的論斷是草率的
a tug of war拔河，兩派間的激烈競爭 a political tug of war between those in favor of the new legislation and those against it.
large in scale participation participate ensure preservation individual
on behalf of 為了 at large 逍遙自在不受限制的；全體地普遍地
Experience tells us that individuals tend to act on behalf of their own short-term economic and political interest, not on behalf of the environment or the public at large.
complete elimination emission automobile nevertheless不過 manufacturer manufacture because voluntarily volunteer voluntary volunteer voluntary voluntarily sacrifice accomplish
regulatory調(diào)整的 enforcement impose necessary standard ensure achieve aside from inherently inherent pandemic全國流行的 epidemic流行的 traverse border environment environmental hazard enemy analysis authority authoritative possess attainment agreed-upon 意見一致的
1， The proponents of this assertion may argue that the natural environment ultimately belongs to each individual person, therefore, it is reasonable to attribute to each person the responsibility for preserving it. a, 必須要承認(rèn)的是，我們共同使用環(huán)境資源，the condition of the environment may have directly effect on each person。所以，人人都has the obligation to protect the environment from being polluted. b, 只有人人都積極地保護環(huán)境，
2， However, to leave all the responsibility to individuals is hardly a wise decision. Despite of the argument above, we should still not lose the sight of the fact that individuals have strong propensity of self-interest and short-term consideration. 沒有政府的監(jiān)督，很少有人自愿作出犧牲以保護環(huán)境（voluntarily make sacrifice to protect the environment.）比如如果政府不forbidden smoking in public，smokers may enjoy their cigarettes whenever they want. Deforestation kill excessively
很多情況下，重大fatal的保護環(huán)境舉措，沒有政府的支持做不到。比如工廠dumping noxious water into the river/ deforestation/ kill excessively…以上那些行動，個人的力量根本不能阻止prohibit.
Optional words:
Preserve/ conserve/ maintain
Thesis sentence: While individual person can do a lot to protect our natural environment, the responsibility of preservation the overall environment lies in the hands of government with help form each individual in the society.
View1: Experience tells us that individuals tend to act on behalf of their own short-term economic and political interest, not on behalf of the environment or the public at large.
View2:the government has certain advantages in preserving the environment.
Evidence:
the government can place certain regulations on the wastes and pollutants towards environment emitted by industries.
Fines deprived from corporations and individual ones that disobey the environmental regulations can be used on many ways such as preserve the forests, planting trees, create conserved areas that will improve our current situations.
While nearly everyone would agree in principle that certain efforts to preserve the natural environment are in humankind’s best interest, environmental issues always involve a tug of war (n. 拔河, 兩派間的激烈競爭) among conflicting political and economic interests. For this reason, and because serious environmental problems are generally large in scale, government participation is needed to ensure environmental preservation.
Experience tells us that individuals (and private corporations owned by individuals) tend to act on behalf of their own short-term economic and political interest, not on behalf of the environment or the public at large. For example, current technology makes possible the complete elimination of polluting emissions from automobiles. Nevertheless, neither automobile manufacturers nor consumers are willing or able to voluntarily make the short-term sacrifices necessary to accomplish this goal. Only the government holds the regulatory and enforcement power to impose the necessary standards and to ensure that we achieve such goals.
Aside from the problems of self-interest and enforcement, environmental issues inherently involve public health and are far too pandemic in nature for individuals to solve on their own. Many of the most egregious environmental violations traverse state and sometimes national borders. Environmental hazards are akin to those involving food and drug safety and to protecting borders against enemies; individuals have neither the power nor the resources to address these widespread hazards.
In the final analysis, only the authority and scope of power that a government possesses can ensure the attainment of agreed-upon environmental goals. Because individuals are incapable of assuming this responsibility, government must do so.
“保護自然環(huán)境的責(zé)任完全屬于每個個人，而非政府?！?BR> 1， 個人往往是按照自己的利益辦事即使有環(huán)保意愿但和個人利益沖突或要損失個人利益時候往往就會選擇犧牲環(huán)境moreover個人往往是短視的，只關(guān)注眼前不注意長遠(yuǎn)。政府則相反
2， 環(huán)保常常規(guī)模很大，個人無力完成。
3， 誠然每個保護環(huán)境的措施都是要個人的參與的。但是這種參與是在政府的統(tǒng)籌下的。象作者那樣的論斷是草率的
a tug of war拔河，兩派間的激烈競爭 a political tug of war between those in favor of the new legislation and those against it.
large in scale participation participate ensure preservation individual
on behalf of 為了 at large 逍遙自在不受限制的；全體地普遍地
Experience tells us that individuals tend to act on behalf of their own short-term economic and political interest, not on behalf of the environment or the public at large.
complete elimination emission automobile nevertheless不過 manufacturer manufacture because voluntarily volunteer voluntary volunteer voluntary voluntarily sacrifice accomplish
regulatory調(diào)整的 enforcement impose necessary standard ensure achieve aside from inherently inherent pandemic全國流行的 epidemic流行的 traverse border environment environmental hazard enemy analysis authority authoritative possess attainment agreed-upon 意見一致的
1， The proponents of this assertion may argue that the natural environment ultimately belongs to each individual person, therefore, it is reasonable to attribute to each person the responsibility for preserving it. a, 必須要承認(rèn)的是，我們共同使用環(huán)境資源，the condition of the environment may have directly effect on each person。所以，人人都has the obligation to protect the environment from being polluted. b, 只有人人都積極地保護環(huán)境，
2， However, to leave all the responsibility to individuals is hardly a wise decision. Despite of the argument above, we should still not lose the sight of the fact that individuals have strong propensity of self-interest and short-term consideration. 沒有政府的監(jiān)督，很少有人自愿作出犧牲以保護環(huán)境（voluntarily make sacrifice to protect the environment.）比如如果政府不forbidden smoking in public，smokers may enjoy their cigarettes whenever they want. Deforestation kill excessively
很多情況下，重大fatal的保護環(huán)境舉措，沒有政府的支持做不到。比如工廠dumping noxious water into the river/ deforestation/ kill excessively…以上那些行動，個人的力量根本不能阻止prohibit.
Optional words:
Preserve/ conserve/ maintain
Thesis sentence: While individual person can do a lot to protect our natural environment, the responsibility of preservation the overall environment lies in the hands of government with help form each individual in the society.
View1: Experience tells us that individuals tend to act on behalf of their own short-term economic and political interest, not on behalf of the environment or the public at large.
View2:the government has certain advantages in preserving the environment.
Evidence:
the government can place certain regulations on the wastes and pollutants towards environment emitted by industries.
Fines deprived from corporations and individual ones that disobey the environmental regulations can be used on many ways such as preserve the forests, planting trees, create conserved areas that will improve our current situations.
While nearly everyone would agree in principle that certain efforts to preserve the natural environment are in humankind’s best interest, environmental issues always involve a tug of war (n. 拔河, 兩派間的激烈競爭) among conflicting political and economic interests. For this reason, and because serious environmental problems are generally large in scale, government participation is needed to ensure environmental preservation.
Experience tells us that individuals (and private corporations owned by individuals) tend to act on behalf of their own short-term economic and political interest, not on behalf of the environment or the public at large. For example, current technology makes possible the complete elimination of polluting emissions from automobiles. Nevertheless, neither automobile manufacturers nor consumers are willing or able to voluntarily make the short-term sacrifices necessary to accomplish this goal. Only the government holds the regulatory and enforcement power to impose the necessary standards and to ensure that we achieve such goals.
Aside from the problems of self-interest and enforcement, environmental issues inherently involve public health and are far too pandemic in nature for individuals to solve on their own. Many of the most egregious environmental violations traverse state and sometimes national borders. Environmental hazards are akin to those involving food and drug safety and to protecting borders against enemies; individuals have neither the power nor the resources to address these widespread hazards.
In the final analysis, only the authority and scope of power that a government possesses can ensure the attainment of agreed-upon environmental goals. Because individuals are incapable of assuming this responsibility, government must do so.