口譯考前聽力熱詞大匯總

字號(hào):

觀察歷年考試,可以發(fā)現(xiàn)口譯考試的取材的特點(diǎn)可以稱為“雙S”特點(diǎn),即具有“實(shí)用性”、“實(shí)效性”。2009年初的這次口譯考試,必定會(huì)涉及2008年的熱點(diǎn)話題。09年考試極有可能涉及的便是以下2008年的五大話題:
    通貨膨脹 匯率變化 次貸危機(jī) 飲食健康 環(huán)境保護(hù)
    以下詞匯都是從考題和新聞中精挑細(xì)選而出,每個(gè)詞選擇的依據(jù)都是按照出題的可能性。
    2008世界范圍內(nèi)價(jià)值的話題,便是次級(jí)信貸危機(jī),因?yàn)檫@次危機(jī)不僅嚴(yán)重影響了美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì),而且導(dǎo)致了全世界范圍的金融危機(jī)和經(jīng)濟(jì)急速下滑,其作用滲透到了各個(gè)領(lǐng)域。由此可涉及到多個(gè)話題,例如失業(yè)、通脹、倒閉、就業(yè)、飲食變化等生活熱點(diǎn)話題。所以在此,將這一熱點(diǎn)話題所涵蓋的重要聽力詞匯列舉,是考生應(yīng)付此次考試的必備單詞。
    經(jīng)濟(jì)類話題:
    次貸危機(jī): subprime mortgage crisis (SMC)
    地產(chǎn)泡沫: real estate bubble -- 相關(guān):泡沫經(jīng)濟(jì): bubble economy
    經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退或蕭條: economic recession/ economic declining / economic depression
    經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇:economic recovery
    全球金融危機(jī):Global financial crisis / financial turmoil / meltdown
    利率:interest rate
    可調(diào)整利率: adjustable rate
    固定利率:fixed rate
    匯率:exchange rate
    貨幣升值:appreciation
    貨幣貶值: depreciation
    貨幣發(fā)行:note issue
    貨幣流通:circulation
    拋售美國(guó)債:short-selling US treasury bonds
    外匯儲(chǔ)備:foreign currency reserve
    黃金儲(chǔ)備: gold reserve
    順差: favorable balance / surplus
    逆差: adverse balance / deficit
    房貸: home-loan
    投機(jī)者: speculator
    拋售房產(chǎn): flip one's house
    信用危機(jī):credit risk
    信用不足: poor credit
    不良貸款:non-performing loan / Bad loan
    救市資金:bailout (居2008美國(guó)熱詞排行榜首位)
    宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì):macroeconomic
    財(cái)政刺激:fiscal stimulus
    跨國(guó)公司:global corporation
    申請(qǐng)破產(chǎn):file for bankruptcy
    收購(gòu):take over
    股市大跌:crash/nosedive/plummet
    裁員:ax jobs (大刀闊斧的砍) lay off / cut jobs / 口語(yǔ)委婉可以說(shuō) I'm between jobs.
    失業(yè)率:unemployment rate
    刺激消費(fèi):to stimulate consumption
    擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需:to expand domestic demands
    美聯(lián)儲(chǔ):Federal Reserve
    貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義、貿(mào)易壁壘:trade protectionism; trade barrier (美國(guó)宣揚(yáng)“買國(guó)貨”的實(shí)質(zhì))
    股市下滑(挫):slide / fall / slump / tumble
    經(jīng)濟(jì)刺激方案:economic stimulus plan
    道瓊斯:Dow Jones Industrial average(INDU) (曾經(jīng)在近年聽力翻譯單句中出現(xiàn)過(guò))
    納斯達(dá)克: Nasdaq composite
    汽車商:Automaker ( GM n Chrysler )
    原油:crude oil 也曾在00年聽力新聞中考過(guò)
    金價(jià):... an ounce (注意“一盎司”的連讀,很像announce)
    環(huán)保類詞匯:
    環(huán)保歷來(lái)是考試熱點(diǎn),常在中高級(jí)口譯聽力翻譯或高級(jí)口譯聽力筆記填空題中出現(xiàn),詞匯的特點(diǎn)是長(zhǎng)詞較多,難背但易聽出。不像經(jīng)濟(jì)類話題,由于環(huán)報(bào)話題大家相對(duì)熟悉,所以,在準(zhǔn)備時(shí)只需把相關(guān)熱點(diǎn)詞匯念過(guò)3-5遍即可解決該話題。我在眾多環(huán)保詞匯中篩選出以下考察可能性較高的詞匯,有些已經(jīng)考過(guò)(標(biāo)出)但不妨礙再出一次。請(qǐng)加以重視。
    工業(yè)固體廢物 industrial solid wastes
    白色污染 white pollution
    可降解 bio-degradable 曾考
    放射性廢料 radioactive waste
    有機(jī)污染物 organic pollutants 曾考
    三廢 waste water, waste gas, solid waste 曾考
    城市垃圾 urban refuse
    森林砍伐率 deforestation rate
    水土流失 soil erosion
    土壤鹽堿化 soil alkalization
    生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè) environment-friendly agriculture 或 eco-agriculture
    海水淡化 sea water desalinization
    造林工程 afforestation project
    森林覆蓋率 forest 曾考 coverage
    防風(fēng)林 wind breaks
    防沙林 sand breaks
    資源消耗 resource degradation
    可再生資源 develop renewable resources 曾考
    再循環(huán)利用 recycling system 曾考
    環(huán)保產(chǎn)品 environment-friendly products
    自然保護(hù)區(qū) nature reserve
    珍稀瀕危物種 rare and endangered species 曾考
    環(huán)境惡化 environmental degradation
    酸雨、越境空氣污染 acid rain and transboundary air pollution 曾考
    工業(yè)粉塵排放 industrial dust discharge
    煙塵排放 soot emissions
    礦物燃料:fossil fuels 曾考
    煤、石油、天然氣: coal, oil, natural gas 曾考
    清潔能源 clean energy
    汽車尾氣排放 motor vehicle exhaust 曾考
    汽車尾氣 car exhaust 曾考
    無(wú)鉛汽油 lead-free gasoline
    小排量汽車 small-displacement (engine) vehicles
    溫室效應(yīng) greenhouse effect
    城市污水 domestic sewage
    衛(wèi)生健康類:
    08年是世界艾滋病日20周年。艾滋病的傳播問(wèn)題和如何正確對(duì)待艾滋病人,這一方面的話題隨著世界艾滋病攜帶者人數(shù)不斷上升,已成為一個(gè)社會(huì)問(wèn)題,屬于熱點(diǎn)話題,對(duì)于和諧社會(huì)概念下的2009及2010年的口譯考試具有參考價(jià)值。
    相關(guān)背景詞匯:
    艾滋病AIDS, Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
    艾滋病病毒,人體免疫缺損病毒 human immunodeficiency virus
    艾滋病毒帶原者 HIV carriers
    艾滋病攜帶者 HIV patients
    艾滋村 HIV/AIDS villages
    傳染/傳播 transmission
    傳染方式/ 流行方式 spread path
    丑化與歧視 stigma and discrimination
    高危險(xiǎn)群 high-risk populations
    公共保健 public health care
    婚前性行為 premarital sex
    HIV陽(yáng)性 HIV positive
    患上/染上 to suffer from/ to be infected with/ to be afflicted with/ contract (the virus/AIDS)
    性傳染病 sexually transmitted disease (STD)
    接種疫苗 vaccination
    相關(guān)知識(shí)必讀:
    1 December 2008 marks the 20th anniversary of World AIDS Day. This year’s theme is “Lead – Empower – Deliver" Designating leadership as the theme provides an opportunity to highlight both political leadership and celebrate leadership that has been witnessed at all levels of society.
    2008年12月1日是世界艾滋病日的第20個(gè)紀(jì)念日。世界防治艾滋病運(yùn)動(dòng)合作伙伴提出今年世界艾滋病日的主題為“領(lǐng)導(dǎo)作用、增強(qiáng)力量和履行承諾” 。
    "We have to end the stigma and discrimination that still stop so many people from learning how to prevent HIV and get treatment. And we need resources -- enough to provide services that will have a real impact in communities and on entire nations. The need to lead, empower and deliver on AIDS is as real and urgent as ever." -- Ban Kimoon
    “我們必須制止仍妨礙很多人學(xué)會(huì)如何預(yù)防艾滋病毒、仍妨礙他們得到治療的污名和歧視。我們還需要資源——即足以提供服務(wù),真正惠及社區(qū)乃至整個(gè)國(guó)家的資源?!?-潘基文