全國2002年4月高等教育自學(xué)考試英語(一)試題4

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Passage Three
    Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
    Conflict, like stress, is a natural phenomenon when people interact.
    Conflict in some form is always present;
    however, It is not always negative. Conflict can be positive, for example,
    when you and your colleagues try
    to select the best possible alternative to a problem. However, much
     more attention is given to the negative
    aspects of conflict.
    Conflict occurs when we fear the unknown. This can be very simple:
     someone says something in a tone of
    voice different from our expectations, which raises questions in our
     mind as to what the real meaning might
    be. Of course conflict can, and does, occur in much more serious
    circumstances.
    Your ability to detect and understand conflict will place you in a better
     position to control the situation.
    Conflict is often categorized in three stages. Stage one is the day-to-day
    irritations( 惱人的事)that require
    minimal coping strategies. Stage one conflict is real but low in intensity.
    The intensity can increase if
    irritations increase and no solution is found.
    Stage two is reached when the parties become competitive. Each person
    protects his self-interest and fears
    loss of face. The win-lose attitude becomes integrated with the problem.
    Stage three is reached when the objective changes from wanting to win
     toward wanting to hurt the other
    party. This stage can be explosive because other people are drawn into
     the conflict and sides are chosen.
    Problem solving is no longer a realistic method of resolution.
    By understanding the three stages of conflict, it will be easier for you to
    handle the day-to-day situations to
    which you are exposed. You will also be able to detect potential conflict
    between others in which you do not
    want to get involved.
    31.Conflict is ____.
    A.paid attention to because it is negative
    B.only positive when occurring between colleagues
    C. universally present in human interactions
    D.similar to stress in every aspect
    32.Stage two conflict is different from stage one conflict in that ___.
    A.it is caused by daily disputes
    B.it is low in intensity
    C.it takes a form of competition
    D.it always leads to loss of face
    33.The third stage can be explosive because _____.
    A.quarreling becomes inevitable
    B.it is not longer a conflict between two individuals
    C.people begin to hate each other
    D.no solution is possible
    34.The ability to identify conflict ___.
    A.can help you make good use of conflict
    B.enables you to win every competition
    C.can prevent conflict from occurring
    D.can help you deal with the situation better
    35.The conflict between a student and his roommate caused by
    different living habits is an instance of ____.
    A.stage one conflict B.stage two conflict
    C.stgae three conflict D.none of the above