職稱英語等級考試試題答案及題解理工類(A級)(4)

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Why Would They Falsely Confess?
     Why on earth would an innocent person falsely confess to committing a crime? To most
    people,it just doesn’t seem logical.But it is logical,say experts。if you understand what call
    happen in a police interrogation(審訊)room.
     Under the right conditions,people’s minds are susceptible(易受影響的)to influence,and
    the pressure put on suspects during police questioning is enormous. (46)“The
    pressure is important to understand,because otherwise it’s impossible to understand why
    someone would say he did something he didn’t do.The answer is:to put all end to an
    uncomfortable situation that will continue until he does confess.
     Developmental psychologist Mary Redlich recently conducted a laboratory study to
    determine how likely people are to confess to things they didn’t do. (47)the
    researchers then intentionally crashed the computers and accused the participants of hitting
    “alt” key to see if they would sign a statement falsely taking responsibility.
    Redlich’s findings clearly demonstrate how easy it can be to get people to falsely
    59 percent of the young adults in the experiment immediately confessed. (48) Of
    the 15-to 16-year-olds,72 percent signed confessions,as
    13-year-olds.
     “There’s no question that young people are more at risk,”says Saul Kassin,a psychology
    professor at Williams College,who has done similar studies with similar . (49)
     Both Kassin and Redlich note that the entire ‘‘interrogation” in their experiments consisted
    of a simple accusation-not hours of aggressive questioning--and still,most participants falsely
    decision.”
    (50)“In some ways,”says Kassin,“false confession becomes a rational
    A In her experiment,participants were seated at computers and told not to hit the“alt” key,
     because doing So would crash the systems.
    B Because of the stress of a police interrogation,they conclude,suspects can become
    convinced that falsely confessing is the easiest way out of a bad situation.
    C “It’s a little like somebody’s working on them with a dental(牙齒) drill,” says Franklin
     Zimring,a law professor at the University of California at Berkeley.
    D“But the baseline is that adults are highly vulnerable too.”
    E The court found him innocent and he was released.
    F Redlich also found that the younger the participant,the more likely a false confession.
    第6部分:完形填空 (第51--~65題,每題1分,共15分)
     閱讀下面的短文,文中有15處空白,每處空白給出了4個選項,請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容從
    4個選項中選擇1個答案,涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。
    The Greatest Mystery Of Whales
    The whale is a warm-blooded,air-breathing animal,giving birth to its young alive,sucking
    them--and,like all mammals,originated on land.There are many
    front flippers(鰭狀肢),used for steering and stability, are traces of feet.
    (51)of this.Its
     Immense strength is——(52)into the great body of the big whales,and in fact most
    of a whale’s body is one gigantic muscle.The blue whale’s pulling strength has been estimated
    (53)400 horsepower.One specimen was reported to have towed(拖)a whaling
    vessel for seven hours at the (54) of eight knot (節(jié)).
    An angry whale will (55) A famous example of this was the fate of
    Whaler Essex, (56)was sunk off the coast of South America early in the last century.
    More recently, steel ships have (57)their plates buckled(使彎曲)in the same way.
    Sperm whales(抹香鯨)were known to seize the old-time whaleboats in their jaws and crush
    Them.
    The greatest (58)of whales is their diving ability.The sperm whale dives to the
    Bottom for his (59)food,the octopus(章魚).In that search he is known to go as far
    Down as 3,200 feet, where the. (60)is 1,400 pounds,to a square inch.Doing so he
    Will (61)underwater long as one hour.Two special skills are involved in this
    storing up enough (62)(all whales are air—breathed)and tolerating the great change
    in pressure.Just how he does it scientists have not (63).It is believed that some of
    the oxygen is stored in a special (64)of blood vessels,rather than just held in the
    lungs.And it is believed that a special kind of oil in his head is some sort of compensating
    mechanism that (65)adjusts the internal pressure of his body.But since you can’t
    bring a live whale into the laboratory for study, no one knows just how these things work.
    51 A aspects B signs C ways D reasons
    52 A worked B divided C built D moved
    53 A at B in C of D with
    54A number B degree C distance D rate
    55A abandon B attack C leave D board
    56A as B who C which D t}1at
    57A had B operated C Seen D caught
    58A interest B job C danger D mystery
    59A favorite B fast C new D sufficient
    60A depth B pressure C level D size
    61A set B become C remain D rest .
    62A heat B energy C food D oxygen
    63A witnessed B determined C applied D calculated
    64A system B place C arrangement D equipment
    65A mentally B artificially C manually D automatically