L
Labor force 勞動力
The total number of workers, including both the employed and unemployed
Labor-force participation rate 勞動力參工率
The percentage of the population that is in the labor force
Law of demand 需求規(guī)律
The claim that, other things being equal, the quantity demanded of a good falls when the price of the good rises
Law of supply 供給規(guī)律
The claim that, others things being equal, the quantity supplied of a good rises when the price of the good rises
Law of supply and demand 供求規(guī)律
The claim that the price of any good adjusts to bring the supply and demand for that good into balance
Life Cycle 生命周期
The regular pattern of income variation over a person’s life
Liquidity 流動性
The ease with which an asset can be converted into the economy’s medium of exchange
Lump-sum tax 定額稅
A tax that is the same amount for every person
learning by doing 干中學(xué)
the increase in productivity that occurs as a firm gains experience from producing, and that results in a decrease in the firm’s production costs
learning curve 學(xué)習(xí)曲線；經(jīng)驗曲線
the curve describing how costs of production decline as cumulative output increases over time
less developed countries (LDCs) 發(fā)展中國家
the poorest nations of the world, including much of Africa, Latin America, and Asia
life-cycle hypothesis 生命周期假說
the theory that individuals typically save when they are young and working and spend their savings as they age and retire
life-cycle savings motive 生命周期儲蓄動機(jī)
people save during their working lives so that they can consume more during retirement
limit pricing 限制性定價
the practice of charging a lower price than the level at which marginal revenue equals marginal cost, as a way of deterring entry by persuading potential competitors that their profits from entering are likely to be limited
Lorenz curve 洛倫茲曲線
a curve that shows the cumulative proportion of income that goes to each cumulative proportion of the population, starting with the lowest income group
Luddites 盧德派分子
early nineteenth-century workmen who destroyed labor-saving machinery rather than see it taking over their jobs
Labor force 勞動力
The total number of workers, including both the employed and unemployed
Labor-force participation rate 勞動力參工率
The percentage of the population that is in the labor force
Law of demand 需求規(guī)律
The claim that, other things being equal, the quantity demanded of a good falls when the price of the good rises
Law of supply 供給規(guī)律
The claim that, others things being equal, the quantity supplied of a good rises when the price of the good rises
Law of supply and demand 供求規(guī)律
The claim that the price of any good adjusts to bring the supply and demand for that good into balance
Life Cycle 生命周期
The regular pattern of income variation over a person’s life
Liquidity 流動性
The ease with which an asset can be converted into the economy’s medium of exchange
Lump-sum tax 定額稅
A tax that is the same amount for every person
learning by doing 干中學(xué)
the increase in productivity that occurs as a firm gains experience from producing, and that results in a decrease in the firm’s production costs
learning curve 學(xué)習(xí)曲線；經(jīng)驗曲線
the curve describing how costs of production decline as cumulative output increases over time
less developed countries (LDCs) 發(fā)展中國家
the poorest nations of the world, including much of Africa, Latin America, and Asia
life-cycle hypothesis 生命周期假說
the theory that individuals typically save when they are young and working and spend their savings as they age and retire
life-cycle savings motive 生命周期儲蓄動機(jī)
people save during their working lives so that they can consume more during retirement
limit pricing 限制性定價
the practice of charging a lower price than the level at which marginal revenue equals marginal cost, as a way of deterring entry by persuading potential competitors that their profits from entering are likely to be limited
Lorenz curve 洛倫茲曲線
a curve that shows the cumulative proportion of income that goes to each cumulative proportion of the population, starting with the lowest income group
Luddites 盧德派分子
early nineteenth-century workmen who destroyed labor-saving machinery rather than see it taking over their jobs