1995年P(guān)assage l
Money spent on advertising is money spent as well as any I know of. It serves directly to assist a rapid distribution of goods at reasonable price, thereby establishing a firm home market and so making it possible to provide for export at competitive prices. By drawing attention to new ideas it helps enormously to raise standards of living. By helping to increase demand it ensures an increased need for labour, and is therefore an effective way to fight unemployment. It lowers the costs of many services: without advertisements your daily newspaper would cost four times as much, the price of your television license would need to be doubled, and travel by bus or tube would cost 20 per cent more.
And perhaps most important of all, advertising provides a guarantee of reasonable value in the products and services you buy. Apart from the fact that twenty-seven acts of Parliament govern the terms of advertising, no regular advertiser dare promote a product that fails to live up to the promise of his advertisements. He might fool some people for a little while through misleading advertising. He will not do so for long, for mercifully the public has the good sense not to buy the inferior article more than once. If you see an article consistently advertised, it is the surest proof I know that the article does what is claimed for it , and that it represents good value.
Advertising does more for the material benefit of the community than any other force I can think of.
There is one more point I feel I ought to touch on. Recently I heard a well-known television personality declare that he was against advertising because it persuades rather than informs. He was drawing excessively fine distinctions. Of course advertising seeks to persuade.
If its message were confined merely to information-and that in itself would be difficult if not impossible to achieve, for even a detail such as the choice of the colour of a shirt is subtly persuasive----advertising would be so boring that no one would pay any attention. But perhaps that is what the well-known television personality wants.
51. By the first sentence of the passage the author means that__.
[A] he is fairly familiar with the cost of advertising
[B] everybody knows well that advertising is money consuming
[C] advertising costs money like everything else
[D] it is worthwhile to spend money on advertising
[答案] C
[解題思路]
本題可以直接從分析該句的角度解題。原句是 Money spent on advertising is money spent as well as any I know of，as well as的意思是也，和......一樣，而spent as well as any I know of用來(lái)形容該詞組前面的money這個(gè)詞，此外any 后面為了避免重復(fù)省略了money這個(gè)詞。因此整個(gè)句子的譯文是把錢花在做廣告上是我所知道的的花錢方式，可見(jiàn)C選項(xiàng)符合原文意思。其余三個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思都包含了原句之外的信息。
[題目譯文]
作者通過(guò)本文第一句想表達(dá)的意思是__.
[A] 他對(duì)于廣告成本的狀況相當(dāng)了解
[B] 每個(gè)人都清楚地知道打廣告要用很多錢
[C] 打廣告就像任何其他事情一樣需要花錢
[D] 在廣告上花錢是值得的 1995年P(guān)assage 2
There are two basic ways to see growth: one as a product, the other as a process. People have generally viewed personal growth as an external result or product that can easily be identified and measured. The worker who gets a promotion, the student whose grades improve, the foreigner who learns a new language-all these are examples of people who have measurable results to show for their efforts.
By contrast, the process of personal growth is much more difficult to determine, since by definition it is a journey and not the specific signposts or landmarks along the way. The process is not the road itself, but rather the attitudes and feelings people have, their caution or courage, as they encounter new experiences and unexpected obstacles. In this process, the journey never really ends; there are always new ways to experience the world, new ideas to try, new challenges to accept.
In order to grow, to travel new roads, people need to have a willingness to take risks, to confront the unknown, and to accept the possibility that they may fail at first. How we see our-selves as we try a new way of being is essential to our ability to grow. Do we perceive ourselves as quick and curious? If so, then we tend to take more chances and to be more open to unfamiliar experiences. Do we think we’re shy and indecisive? Then our sense of timidity can cause us to hesitate, to move slowly, and not to take a step until we know the ground is safe. Do we think we’re slow to adapt to change or that we’re not smart enough to cope with a new challenge? Then we are likely to take a more passive role or not try at all.
These feelings of insecurity and self-doubt are both unavoidable and necessary if we are to change and grow. If we do not confront and overcome these internal fears and doubts, if we protect ourselves too much, then we cease to grow. We become trapped inside a shell of our own making.
57. When the author says a new way of being (line2-3, Para. 3) he is referring to__.
[A] a new approach to experiencing the world
[B] a new way of taking risks
[C] a new method of perceiving ourselves
[D] a new system of adaptation to change
[答案] A
[解題思路]
本題 a new way of being所在句子為How we see our-selves as we try a new way of being is essential to our ability to grow，其中可以判斷being在這里的意思是生存。B選項(xiàng)對(duì)應(yīng)的是第三段第一句話的一個(gè)小方面，因此可以排除。第二句話后面的文字提了三個(gè)問(wèn)題并作了相應(yīng)的回答，分三個(gè)方面對(duì)第二句話提供解釋，C和D選項(xiàng)都只是對(duì)應(yīng)其中的一個(gè)方面，因而也可以排除。原句的意思是我們?cè)趪L試新的生存方式的時(shí)候如何看待自己對(duì)于自己能力增長(zhǎng)是非常重要的，A選項(xiàng)與其最接近。
[題目譯文]
當(dāng)作者提到a new way of being（第三段第2-3行），他指的是__.
[A] 一種經(jīng)歷世界的新方式
[B] 一種審視自己的新方法
[C] 一種承擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的新方式
[D] 一種適應(yīng)變化的新系統(tǒng)1995年P(guān)assage 3
In such a changing, complex society formerly simple solutions to informational needs become complicated. Many of life’ s problems which were solved by asking family members, friends or colleagues are beyond the capability of the extended family to resolve. Where to turn for expert information and how to determine which expert advice to accept are questions facing many people today.
In addition to this, there is the growing mobility of people since World War Ⅱ. As families move away from their stable community, their friends of many years, their extended family relationships, the informal flow of information is cut off, and with it the confidence that information will be available when needed and will be trustworthy and reliable. The almost unconscious flow of information about the simplest aspects of living can be cut off. Thus, things once learned subconsciously through the casual communications of the extended family must be consciously learned.
Adding to societal changes today is an enormous stockpile of information. The individual now has more information available than any generation, and the task of finding that one piece of information relevant to his or her specific problem is complicated , time-consuming and sometimes even overwhelming .
Coupled with the growing quantity of information is the development of technologies which enable the storage and delivery of more information with greater speed to more locations than has ever been possible before. Computer technology makes it possible to store vast amounts of data in machine-readable files, and to program computers to locate specific information. Telecommunications developments enable the sending of messages via television, radio, and very shortly, electronic mail to bombard people with multitudes of messages. Satellites have extended the power of communications to report events at the instant of occurrence. Expertise can be shared world wide through teleconferencing, and problems in dispute can be settled without the participants leaving their homes and/or jobs to travel to a distant conference site. Technology has facilitated the sharing of information and the storage and delivery of information, thus making more information available to more people.
In this world of change and complexity, the need for information is of greatest importance. Those people who have accurate, reliable up-to-date information to solve the day-to-day problems, the critical problems of their business, social and family life, will survive and succeed. Knowledge is power may well be the truest saying and access to information may be the most critical requirement of all people.
59. The word it (line 3, para. 2) most probably refers to__.
[A] the lack of stable communities
[B] the breakdown of informal information channels
[C] the increased mobility of families
[D] the growing number of people moving from place to place
[答案] B
[解題思路]
本題中 it這個(gè)詞所在的句子為原文第二段的第二句話As families move away from their stable community, their friends of many years, their extended family relationships, the informal flow of information is cut off, and with it the confidence that information will be available when needed and will be trustworthy and reliable 由于很多家庭搬出了原來(lái)那個(gè)穩(wěn)定的社區(qū)，由此離開(kāi)了多年的朋友、并脫離了家族的聯(lián)系，其非正式的信息交流就被中斷了，因此他們也需要時(shí)就可以獲得可靠信息的信心也隨之失去了），with it可見(jiàn)it指代的是之前所闡述的內(nèi)容，即the informal flow of information is cut off，即非正式的信息交流，可見(jiàn)對(duì)應(yīng)的正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)的相關(guān)內(nèi)容也都有出現(xiàn)在第二段，但均不是it指代的內(nèi)容。
[題目譯文]
it這個(gè)詞（第二段第三行）最有可能指的是__.
[A] 缺少穩(wěn)定的團(tuán)體
[B] 非正式信息渠道的崩潰
[C] 家庭流動(dòng)性的提高
[D] 更多的人們從一個(gè)地方搬到另一個(gè)地方 1996年P(guān)assage l
Tight-lipped elders used to say, It’s not what you want in this world, but what you get.
Psychology teaches that you do get what you want if you know what you want and want the right things.
You can make a mental blueprint of a desire as you would make a blueprint of a house, and each of us is continually making these blueprints in the general routine of everyday living. If we intend to have friends to dinner, we plan the menu, make a shopping list, decide which food to cook first, and such planning is an essential for any type of meal to be served，考試大.
Likewise, if you want to find a job, take a sheet of paper, and write a brief account of yourself. In making a blueprint for a job, begin with yourself, for when you know exactly what you have to offer, you can intelligently plan where to sell your services.
This account of yourself is actually a sketch of your working life and should include education, experience and references. Such an account is valuable. It can be referred to in filling out standard application blanks and is extremely helpful in personal interviews. While talking to you, your could-be employer is deciding whether your wares and abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner.
When you have carefully prepared a blueprint of your abilities and desires, you have something tangible to sell. Then you are ready to hunt for a job. Get all the possible information about your could-be job. Make inquiries as to the details regarding the job and the firm. Keep your eyes and ears open, and use your own judgment. Spend a certain amount of time each day seeking the employment you wish for, and keep in mind: Securing a job is your job now.
51. What do the elders mean when they say, It’s not what you want in this world, but what you get.?
[A] You’ll certainly get what you want.
[B] It’s no use dreaming.
[C] You should be dissatisfied with what you have.
[D] It’s essential to set a goal for yourself.
[答案] B
[解題思路]
題干信息來(lái)自文章的第一句話 Tight-lipped elders used to say, It’s not what you want in this world, but what you get.（金口難開(kāi)的老人們經(jīng)常說(shuō)：在這個(gè)世界上，最重要的不是你想要什么，而是你得到了什么。）。A選項(xiàng)的表述與引言不著邊際，而C、D選項(xiàng)都是與引文暗含的意思相反的，而只有B選型符合題意，即光有夢(mèng)想是沒(méi)用的，關(guān)鍵是腳踏實(shí)地地把握自己已經(jīng)擁有的東西。
[題目譯文]
老人們說(shuō)：在這個(gè)世界上，最重要的不是你想要什么，而是你得到了什么。這話是什么意思呢？
[A] 你肯定會(huì)得到你想要得東西。
[B] 做夢(mèng)是沒(méi)有用的。
[C] 你不應(yīng)該滿足于你已經(jīng)擁有的東西。
[D] 為自己確定一個(gè)目標(biāo)是至關(guān)重要的。
Money spent on advertising is money spent as well as any I know of. It serves directly to assist a rapid distribution of goods at reasonable price, thereby establishing a firm home market and so making it possible to provide for export at competitive prices. By drawing attention to new ideas it helps enormously to raise standards of living. By helping to increase demand it ensures an increased need for labour, and is therefore an effective way to fight unemployment. It lowers the costs of many services: without advertisements your daily newspaper would cost four times as much, the price of your television license would need to be doubled, and travel by bus or tube would cost 20 per cent more.
And perhaps most important of all, advertising provides a guarantee of reasonable value in the products and services you buy. Apart from the fact that twenty-seven acts of Parliament govern the terms of advertising, no regular advertiser dare promote a product that fails to live up to the promise of his advertisements. He might fool some people for a little while through misleading advertising. He will not do so for long, for mercifully the public has the good sense not to buy the inferior article more than once. If you see an article consistently advertised, it is the surest proof I know that the article does what is claimed for it , and that it represents good value.
Advertising does more for the material benefit of the community than any other force I can think of.
There is one more point I feel I ought to touch on. Recently I heard a well-known television personality declare that he was against advertising because it persuades rather than informs. He was drawing excessively fine distinctions. Of course advertising seeks to persuade.
If its message were confined merely to information-and that in itself would be difficult if not impossible to achieve, for even a detail such as the choice of the colour of a shirt is subtly persuasive----advertising would be so boring that no one would pay any attention. But perhaps that is what the well-known television personality wants.
51. By the first sentence of the passage the author means that__.
[A] he is fairly familiar with the cost of advertising
[B] everybody knows well that advertising is money consuming
[C] advertising costs money like everything else
[D] it is worthwhile to spend money on advertising
[答案] C
[解題思路]
本題可以直接從分析該句的角度解題。原句是 Money spent on advertising is money spent as well as any I know of，as well as的意思是也，和......一樣，而spent as well as any I know of用來(lái)形容該詞組前面的money這個(gè)詞，此外any 后面為了避免重復(fù)省略了money這個(gè)詞。因此整個(gè)句子的譯文是把錢花在做廣告上是我所知道的的花錢方式，可見(jiàn)C選項(xiàng)符合原文意思。其余三個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思都包含了原句之外的信息。
[題目譯文]
作者通過(guò)本文第一句想表達(dá)的意思是__.
[A] 他對(duì)于廣告成本的狀況相當(dāng)了解
[B] 每個(gè)人都清楚地知道打廣告要用很多錢
[C] 打廣告就像任何其他事情一樣需要花錢
[D] 在廣告上花錢是值得的 1995年P(guān)assage 2
There are two basic ways to see growth: one as a product, the other as a process. People have generally viewed personal growth as an external result or product that can easily be identified and measured. The worker who gets a promotion, the student whose grades improve, the foreigner who learns a new language-all these are examples of people who have measurable results to show for their efforts.
By contrast, the process of personal growth is much more difficult to determine, since by definition it is a journey and not the specific signposts or landmarks along the way. The process is not the road itself, but rather the attitudes and feelings people have, their caution or courage, as they encounter new experiences and unexpected obstacles. In this process, the journey never really ends; there are always new ways to experience the world, new ideas to try, new challenges to accept.
In order to grow, to travel new roads, people need to have a willingness to take risks, to confront the unknown, and to accept the possibility that they may fail at first. How we see our-selves as we try a new way of being is essential to our ability to grow. Do we perceive ourselves as quick and curious? If so, then we tend to take more chances and to be more open to unfamiliar experiences. Do we think we’re shy and indecisive? Then our sense of timidity can cause us to hesitate, to move slowly, and not to take a step until we know the ground is safe. Do we think we’re slow to adapt to change or that we’re not smart enough to cope with a new challenge? Then we are likely to take a more passive role or not try at all.
These feelings of insecurity and self-doubt are both unavoidable and necessary if we are to change and grow. If we do not confront and overcome these internal fears and doubts, if we protect ourselves too much, then we cease to grow. We become trapped inside a shell of our own making.
57. When the author says a new way of being (line2-3, Para. 3) he is referring to__.
[A] a new approach to experiencing the world
[B] a new way of taking risks
[C] a new method of perceiving ourselves
[D] a new system of adaptation to change
[答案] A
[解題思路]
本題 a new way of being所在句子為How we see our-selves as we try a new way of being is essential to our ability to grow，其中可以判斷being在這里的意思是生存。B選項(xiàng)對(duì)應(yīng)的是第三段第一句話的一個(gè)小方面，因此可以排除。第二句話后面的文字提了三個(gè)問(wèn)題并作了相應(yīng)的回答，分三個(gè)方面對(duì)第二句話提供解釋，C和D選項(xiàng)都只是對(duì)應(yīng)其中的一個(gè)方面，因而也可以排除。原句的意思是我們?cè)趪L試新的生存方式的時(shí)候如何看待自己對(duì)于自己能力增長(zhǎng)是非常重要的，A選項(xiàng)與其最接近。
[題目譯文]
當(dāng)作者提到a new way of being（第三段第2-3行），他指的是__.
[A] 一種經(jīng)歷世界的新方式
[B] 一種審視自己的新方法
[C] 一種承擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的新方式
[D] 一種適應(yīng)變化的新系統(tǒng)1995年P(guān)assage 3
In such a changing, complex society formerly simple solutions to informational needs become complicated. Many of life’ s problems which were solved by asking family members, friends or colleagues are beyond the capability of the extended family to resolve. Where to turn for expert information and how to determine which expert advice to accept are questions facing many people today.
In addition to this, there is the growing mobility of people since World War Ⅱ. As families move away from their stable community, their friends of many years, their extended family relationships, the informal flow of information is cut off, and with it the confidence that information will be available when needed and will be trustworthy and reliable. The almost unconscious flow of information about the simplest aspects of living can be cut off. Thus, things once learned subconsciously through the casual communications of the extended family must be consciously learned.
Adding to societal changes today is an enormous stockpile of information. The individual now has more information available than any generation, and the task of finding that one piece of information relevant to his or her specific problem is complicated , time-consuming and sometimes even overwhelming .
Coupled with the growing quantity of information is the development of technologies which enable the storage and delivery of more information with greater speed to more locations than has ever been possible before. Computer technology makes it possible to store vast amounts of data in machine-readable files, and to program computers to locate specific information. Telecommunications developments enable the sending of messages via television, radio, and very shortly, electronic mail to bombard people with multitudes of messages. Satellites have extended the power of communications to report events at the instant of occurrence. Expertise can be shared world wide through teleconferencing, and problems in dispute can be settled without the participants leaving their homes and/or jobs to travel to a distant conference site. Technology has facilitated the sharing of information and the storage and delivery of information, thus making more information available to more people.
In this world of change and complexity, the need for information is of greatest importance. Those people who have accurate, reliable up-to-date information to solve the day-to-day problems, the critical problems of their business, social and family life, will survive and succeed. Knowledge is power may well be the truest saying and access to information may be the most critical requirement of all people.
59. The word it (line 3, para. 2) most probably refers to__.
[A] the lack of stable communities
[B] the breakdown of informal information channels
[C] the increased mobility of families
[D] the growing number of people moving from place to place
[答案] B
[解題思路]
本題中 it這個(gè)詞所在的句子為原文第二段的第二句話As families move away from their stable community, their friends of many years, their extended family relationships, the informal flow of information is cut off, and with it the confidence that information will be available when needed and will be trustworthy and reliable 由于很多家庭搬出了原來(lái)那個(gè)穩(wěn)定的社區(qū)，由此離開(kāi)了多年的朋友、并脫離了家族的聯(lián)系，其非正式的信息交流就被中斷了，因此他們也需要時(shí)就可以獲得可靠信息的信心也隨之失去了），with it可見(jiàn)it指代的是之前所闡述的內(nèi)容，即the informal flow of information is cut off，即非正式的信息交流，可見(jiàn)對(duì)應(yīng)的正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)的相關(guān)內(nèi)容也都有出現(xiàn)在第二段，但均不是it指代的內(nèi)容。
[題目譯文]
it這個(gè)詞（第二段第三行）最有可能指的是__.
[A] 缺少穩(wěn)定的團(tuán)體
[B] 非正式信息渠道的崩潰
[C] 家庭流動(dòng)性的提高
[D] 更多的人們從一個(gè)地方搬到另一個(gè)地方 1996年P(guān)assage l
Tight-lipped elders used to say, It’s not what you want in this world, but what you get.
Psychology teaches that you do get what you want if you know what you want and want the right things.
You can make a mental blueprint of a desire as you would make a blueprint of a house, and each of us is continually making these blueprints in the general routine of everyday living. If we intend to have friends to dinner, we plan the menu, make a shopping list, decide which food to cook first, and such planning is an essential for any type of meal to be served，考試大.
Likewise, if you want to find a job, take a sheet of paper, and write a brief account of yourself. In making a blueprint for a job, begin with yourself, for when you know exactly what you have to offer, you can intelligently plan where to sell your services.
This account of yourself is actually a sketch of your working life and should include education, experience and references. Such an account is valuable. It can be referred to in filling out standard application blanks and is extremely helpful in personal interviews. While talking to you, your could-be employer is deciding whether your wares and abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner.
When you have carefully prepared a blueprint of your abilities and desires, you have something tangible to sell. Then you are ready to hunt for a job. Get all the possible information about your could-be job. Make inquiries as to the details regarding the job and the firm. Keep your eyes and ears open, and use your own judgment. Spend a certain amount of time each day seeking the employment you wish for, and keep in mind: Securing a job is your job now.
51. What do the elders mean when they say, It’s not what you want in this world, but what you get.?
[A] You’ll certainly get what you want.
[B] It’s no use dreaming.
[C] You should be dissatisfied with what you have.
[D] It’s essential to set a goal for yourself.
[答案] B
[解題思路]
題干信息來(lái)自文章的第一句話 Tight-lipped elders used to say, It’s not what you want in this world, but what you get.（金口難開(kāi)的老人們經(jīng)常說(shuō)：在這個(gè)世界上，最重要的不是你想要什么，而是你得到了什么。）。A選項(xiàng)的表述與引言不著邊際，而C、D選項(xiàng)都是與引文暗含的意思相反的，而只有B選型符合題意，即光有夢(mèng)想是沒(méi)用的，關(guān)鍵是腳踏實(shí)地地把握自己已經(jīng)擁有的東西。
[題目譯文]
老人們說(shuō)：在這個(gè)世界上，最重要的不是你想要什么，而是你得到了什么。這話是什么意思呢？
[A] 你肯定會(huì)得到你想要得東西。
[B] 做夢(mèng)是沒(méi)有用的。
[C] 你不應(yīng)該滿足于你已經(jīng)擁有的東西。
[D] 為自己確定一個(gè)目標(biāo)是至關(guān)重要的。