Spare a Kidney?
It is no longer unnsual for a spouse or relative to donate a kidnev，to a loved one，but the number of Americans who have given a kidney to a friend，a co—worker or even a complete stranger has risen sharply from 68 in 1994 to 176 in 1998．
There are many reasons．First，it's possible to live a normal life with only one kidney．(The remaming kidney enlarges to make up most of the difference．)In addition a kidney from a live donor lasts longer than a kidney taken from someone who has died suddenly．But the biggest change in the past few years is that transplant surgeons have started using laparoscopic techniques to remove the donor kidney through a much smaller incision，and this can cut recove17 time for the donor from six weeks to four weeks．
Just because you do something，however，it doesn’t mean you should．Donating a kidney means undergoing an operation that carries some risk．You could argue that you may be helpmg to save a life，but you certainly can’t pretend that you’re better off with one kidney instead of two．
so，what are the risks?“As with any major operation，there is a chance of dyin9，of reoperation due to bleeding，of infection，of vein clots in the legs or a hernia at the incision，”says Dr．Arthur Matas，director of the renal—trans—plant program at the university of Minnesota Medical Center in Minneapolis．Even：laparoscopy，a relatively new technique for kidney donation，is not risk—free．Doctors estimate that chances of dying from the procedure are about 3 in 10，000．
There's no money to be made；selling an organ is illegal．But the recipient’s。insurance normally covers your operation and immediate aftercare．Your costs can include hotel bills，lost pay during recovery or possible future disability．
Ahhourgh transplant centers must evaluate any potential donor’s suitability，it never hums to have an independent opinion．The most common contraindications are heart disease，diabetes and high blood pressure．
Never let anyone，not even a close relative，pressure you into giving up an organ一一no matter if you’re healthy．“There’s often the feeling that you’re not a good friend，father，mother if you don’t do this，”says Arthus Caplan，director of the University of Pennsylvania’s center for Bioethics．Some transplant centers will invent a“medical problem”on behalf of those who are reluctant to donate but feel they can’t say no．
1．From l994 to 1998 the number of Americans who had donated a kidney reached 244．
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
2．One of the reasons why the Humber of kidney donors has risen is that one is better off with one kidney instead of two．
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
3．Yo don’t have to be dead to donate a kidney，but you had better know the risks before you give it up．
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
4．None of the Americans who donates a kidney during the period lasting from l994 to 1998 died from the procedure．
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
5．No one sells organs in the U．S．since it is illegal．
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
6．People with heart disease，diabetes and high pressure are not suitable for kidney donation．
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
7．Some transplant eenters invent，“medical problems”to cheat potential kidney donors．
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
1．B．該題是細節(jié)題。借助題干中的時間詞(from l994 to 1998)作為答案線索，這樣在第一段找到直接答案相關句，判斷問題句的說法錯誤。因為原文是說“捐贈腎臟的人數(shù)在1994年是68人，而到了1998年就增加到了176人”，與問題句中說的“從1994年到l998年捐贈腎臟的人數(shù)達到了244人”不一致。
2．B．借助常識判斷該句的說法不合理，因此推斷該題答案可能為“錯誤”。如果借助原文，利用題于中出現(xiàn)的“reasons，better off，with one kidney linstead of two”作為答案線索，這樣發(fā)現(xiàn)答案相關句：You could argue that you may be helping to save a life，but you certainly can’t pretend that you’re better off with one kidney instead of two．該句說“你不能假稱有一只腎臟比有兩只腎臟更好”，顯然該句的說法與問題句的說法不一致。
3．A．該句憑借常識判斷說法正確，因此答案可能是“正確”或“沒提到”。借助題干中的risks作為答案線索詞，找到答案相關句：Donating a kidney means undergoing an operation that cann’es some risk．So，what are the risks7．Even laparoscopy，a relatively new technique for kidney donation．is not．risk—free．Doctors estimate that chanees of dying from the procedure are about 3 in 10，000．該劃線句尤其是在用數(shù)字表述死于腎臟移植的風險率，因此文章中涉及到risks的句子所暗示的含義與問題句的說法一致。
4．c．借助題干中的from l994 to 1998作為答案線索詞，這樣發(fā)現(xiàn)文章中涉及到from 1994 to 1998的句子
中并沒有提到有多少人死于捐獻手術中。所以判斷該問題句為“沒提到”。
5．C．根據(jù)常識判斷該問題句的說法太絕對，很可能是錯誤的，利用題干中的illegal作為答案線索詞，這樣在第5段發(fā)現(xiàn)了“illegal”一詞(There’s no money to be made；selling an organ is illegal．)，但并沒有提到在美國有沒有人賣器官。加入收藏
6．A．利用題干中的細節(jié)(he叫disease，diabetes，high pressure)詞作為答案線索詞，這樣在第6段中找到直接答案相關句(The most common contraindications(禁忌征候)are heart disease，diabetes and high blood pressure．)，該句的含義與題干的說法一致。
7．B．利用題干中的“medical problems”作為答案線索詞，這樣文章最后一句中找到直接答案相關句(Some transplant centers will invent a“medical problem”on behalf of those who are reluclant to donate but feel they can’t say no．)，判斷該句的說法與問題句的說法不一致：原文說“編造‘醫(yī)學問題’的原因是為了替那些不愿捐贈的人保住面子”而不是問題句中所說的“欺騙可能進行腎臟捐贈的人”
It is no longer unnsual for a spouse or relative to donate a kidnev，to a loved one，but the number of Americans who have given a kidney to a friend，a co—worker or even a complete stranger has risen sharply from 68 in 1994 to 176 in 1998．
There are many reasons．First，it's possible to live a normal life with only one kidney．(The remaming kidney enlarges to make up most of the difference．)In addition a kidney from a live donor lasts longer than a kidney taken from someone who has died suddenly．But the biggest change in the past few years is that transplant surgeons have started using laparoscopic techniques to remove the donor kidney through a much smaller incision，and this can cut recove17 time for the donor from six weeks to four weeks．
Just because you do something，however，it doesn’t mean you should．Donating a kidney means undergoing an operation that carries some risk．You could argue that you may be helpmg to save a life，but you certainly can’t pretend that you’re better off with one kidney instead of two．
so，what are the risks?“As with any major operation，there is a chance of dyin9，of reoperation due to bleeding，of infection，of vein clots in the legs or a hernia at the incision，”says Dr．Arthur Matas，director of the renal—trans—plant program at the university of Minnesota Medical Center in Minneapolis．Even：laparoscopy，a relatively new technique for kidney donation，is not risk—free．Doctors estimate that chances of dying from the procedure are about 3 in 10，000．
There's no money to be made；selling an organ is illegal．But the recipient’s。insurance normally covers your operation and immediate aftercare．Your costs can include hotel bills，lost pay during recovery or possible future disability．
Ahhourgh transplant centers must evaluate any potential donor’s suitability，it never hums to have an independent opinion．The most common contraindications are heart disease，diabetes and high blood pressure．
Never let anyone，not even a close relative，pressure you into giving up an organ一一no matter if you’re healthy．“There’s often the feeling that you’re not a good friend，father，mother if you don’t do this，”says Arthus Caplan，director of the University of Pennsylvania’s center for Bioethics．Some transplant centers will invent a“medical problem”on behalf of those who are reluctant to donate but feel they can’t say no．
1．From l994 to 1998 the number of Americans who had donated a kidney reached 244．
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
2．One of the reasons why the Humber of kidney donors has risen is that one is better off with one kidney instead of two．
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
3．Yo don’t have to be dead to donate a kidney，but you had better know the risks before you give it up．
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
4．None of the Americans who donates a kidney during the period lasting from l994 to 1998 died from the procedure．
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
5．No one sells organs in the U．S．since it is illegal．
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
6．People with heart disease，diabetes and high pressure are not suitable for kidney donation．
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
7．Some transplant eenters invent，“medical problems”to cheat potential kidney donors．
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
1．B．該題是細節(jié)題。借助題干中的時間詞(from l994 to 1998)作為答案線索，這樣在第一段找到直接答案相關句，判斷問題句的說法錯誤。因為原文是說“捐贈腎臟的人數(shù)在1994年是68人，而到了1998年就增加到了176人”，與問題句中說的“從1994年到l998年捐贈腎臟的人數(shù)達到了244人”不一致。
2．B．借助常識判斷該句的說法不合理，因此推斷該題答案可能為“錯誤”。如果借助原文，利用題于中出現(xiàn)的“reasons，better off，with one kidney linstead of two”作為答案線索，這樣發(fā)現(xiàn)答案相關句：You could argue that you may be helping to save a life，but you certainly can’t pretend that you’re better off with one kidney instead of two．該句說“你不能假稱有一只腎臟比有兩只腎臟更好”，顯然該句的說法與問題句的說法不一致。
3．A．該句憑借常識判斷說法正確，因此答案可能是“正確”或“沒提到”。借助題干中的risks作為答案線索詞，找到答案相關句：Donating a kidney means undergoing an operation that cann’es some risk．So，what are the risks7．Even laparoscopy，a relatively new technique for kidney donation．is not．risk—free．Doctors estimate that chanees of dying from the procedure are about 3 in 10，000．該劃線句尤其是在用數(shù)字表述死于腎臟移植的風險率，因此文章中涉及到risks的句子所暗示的含義與問題句的說法一致。
4．c．借助題干中的from l994 to 1998作為答案線索詞，這樣發(fā)現(xiàn)文章中涉及到from 1994 to 1998的句子
中并沒有提到有多少人死于捐獻手術中。所以判斷該問題句為“沒提到”。
5．C．根據(jù)常識判斷該問題句的說法太絕對，很可能是錯誤的，利用題干中的illegal作為答案線索詞，這樣在第5段發(fā)現(xiàn)了“illegal”一詞(There’s no money to be made；selling an organ is illegal．)，但并沒有提到在美國有沒有人賣器官。加入收藏
6．A．利用題干中的細節(jié)(he叫disease，diabetes，high pressure)詞作為答案線索詞，這樣在第6段中找到直接答案相關句(The most common contraindications(禁忌征候)are heart disease，diabetes and high blood pressure．)，該句的含義與題干的說法一致。
7．B．利用題干中的“medical problems”作為答案線索詞，這樣文章最后一句中找到直接答案相關句(Some transplant centers will invent a“medical problem”on behalf of those who are reluclant to donate but feel they can’t say no．)，判斷該句的說法與問題句的說法不一致：原文說“編造‘醫(yī)學問題’的原因是為了替那些不愿捐贈的人保住面子”而不是問題句中所說的“欺騙可能進行腎臟捐贈的人”