Part I：?jiǎn)卧~與短語(yǔ)
jazz n.爵士音樂(lè)；musical adj.音樂(lè)的，悅耳的；instrument n.器具；clavichord n.翼琴(鋼琴的前身)；Germany n.德國(guó)；keep vt. 保持；living room(n.)客廳；belong to(動(dòng)詞詞組)屬于；family n.家庭；grandfather n.祖父，外祖父；recently adv.近來(lái)，最近；damage vt.破壞，弄壞；string n.細(xì)繩，琴弦；break v.斷裂，弄斷；shock vt.使震驚；allow vt.允許；touch vt.觸摸；repair vt.修理；a friend of my father’s我父親朋友中的一位
Part II：語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)
被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
概念解釋?zhuān)罕粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)體現(xiàn)的是人或物與動(dòng)詞的關(guān)系問(wèn)題。當(dāng)句子詞序體現(xiàn)的是人或物發(fā)出動(dòng)作時(shí)，動(dòng)詞的形式用主動(dòng)態(tài)；當(dāng)句子詞序體現(xiàn)的是人或物被動(dòng)接受某一動(dòng)作或行為時(shí)，動(dòng)詞的形式就要用被動(dòng)態(tài)。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)在時(shí)間概念上可以體現(xiàn)為現(xiàn)在、過(guò)去、將來(lái)以及隸屬于這幾大時(shí)間范疇的進(jìn)行時(shí)。
示例1：We call this old musical instrument a clavichord.(我們發(fā)出call這個(gè)動(dòng)作，詞序上體現(xiàn)的也是這個(gè)狀態(tài)，所以，用主動(dòng)態(tài))
示例2：This musical instrument is called a clavichord.(該樂(lè)器與稱(chēng)為call之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，詞序上體現(xiàn)的也是這個(gè)狀態(tài)，所以要用被動(dòng)態(tài))
示例3：It was made in Germany.(it與制造make之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，詞序上體現(xiàn)的也是這個(gè)狀態(tài)，所以，用被動(dòng)態(tài))
示例4：Our clavichord is kept in the living room.(鋼琴與keep之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，詞序上亦如此，所以用被動(dòng)態(tài))
示例5：The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago.(該樂(lè)器與購(gòu)買(mǎi)buy之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，而且詞序上亦如此，所以用被動(dòng)態(tài))
示例6：Recently it was damaged by a visitor.(it與damage之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，詞序上亦如此，所以，用被動(dòng)態(tài))
示例7：Two of the strings were broken.(strings與break之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，詞序上亦如此，所以用被動(dòng)態(tài))
示例8：My father was shocked.(父親與shock之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，詞序上亦如此，所以用被動(dòng)態(tài))
示例9：We are not allowed to touch it.(我們與allow之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，詞序上亦如此，所以用被動(dòng)態(tài))
示例10：It is being repaired by a friend of my father’s.(it與repair之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，詞序上亦如此，所以用被動(dòng)態(tài)，同時(shí)，被修理的工作正處于進(jìn)行中，所以用了進(jìn)行體)
Part III：綜合訓(xùn)練
We have an old musical instrument (1) it is (2 call) a clavichord. It was (3 make) in Germany in 1681 (4) is (5 keep) in the living room. The instrument was (6 buy) by my grandfather many years ago (7) it has (8 belong) to our family (9) a long time. Recently it was (10 damage) by a visitor (11) she tried to play jazz (12) it. She struck the keys (13) hard (14) two of the strings were (15 break). My father was (16 shock) (17) now we are not (18 allow) (19) touch it. It is now (20 be) (21 repair) by a friend of my father’s.
答案：
(1) and; (2) called; (3) made; (4) and; (5) kept; (6) bought; (7) and; (8) belonged; (9) for; (10) damaged; (11) when; (12) on; (13) so; (14) that; (15) broken; (16) shocked; (17) and; (18) allowed; (19) to; (20) being; (21) repaired
Part IV：句型轉(zhuǎn)換
將下面句子進(jìn)行程度的合并：
1. We have an old musical instrument. It is called a clavichord.
2. It was made in Germany in 1681. It is kept in the living room.
3. The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago. It has belonged to our family for a long time.
4. Recently it was damaged by a visitor. She tried to play jazz on it.
5. She struck the keys too hard. Two of the strings were broken.
6. My father was shocked. Now we are not allowed to touch it.
7. Two of the strings were broken. It is being repaired by a friend of my father’s.
答案：
1. We have an old musical instrument and it is called a clavichord.
2. It was made in Germany in 1681 and is kept in the living room.
3. The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago and it has belonged to our family for a long time.
4. Recently it was damaged by a visitor when she tried to play jazz on it.
5. She struck the keys so hard that two of the strings were broken.
6. My father was shocked and now we are not allowed to touch it.
7. Two of the strings were broken and it is being repaired by a friend of my father’s
jazz n.爵士音樂(lè)；musical adj.音樂(lè)的，悅耳的；instrument n.器具；clavichord n.翼琴(鋼琴的前身)；Germany n.德國(guó)；keep vt. 保持；living room(n.)客廳；belong to(動(dòng)詞詞組)屬于；family n.家庭；grandfather n.祖父，外祖父；recently adv.近來(lái)，最近；damage vt.破壞，弄壞；string n.細(xì)繩，琴弦；break v.斷裂，弄斷；shock vt.使震驚；allow vt.允許；touch vt.觸摸；repair vt.修理；a friend of my father’s我父親朋友中的一位
Part II：語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)
被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
概念解釋?zhuān)罕粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)體現(xiàn)的是人或物與動(dòng)詞的關(guān)系問(wèn)題。當(dāng)句子詞序體現(xiàn)的是人或物發(fā)出動(dòng)作時(shí)，動(dòng)詞的形式用主動(dòng)態(tài)；當(dāng)句子詞序體現(xiàn)的是人或物被動(dòng)接受某一動(dòng)作或行為時(shí)，動(dòng)詞的形式就要用被動(dòng)態(tài)。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)在時(shí)間概念上可以體現(xiàn)為現(xiàn)在、過(guò)去、將來(lái)以及隸屬于這幾大時(shí)間范疇的進(jìn)行時(shí)。
示例1：We call this old musical instrument a clavichord.(我們發(fā)出call這個(gè)動(dòng)作，詞序上體現(xiàn)的也是這個(gè)狀態(tài)，所以，用主動(dòng)態(tài))
示例2：This musical instrument is called a clavichord.(該樂(lè)器與稱(chēng)為call之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，詞序上體現(xiàn)的也是這個(gè)狀態(tài)，所以要用被動(dòng)態(tài))
示例3：It was made in Germany.(it與制造make之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，詞序上體現(xiàn)的也是這個(gè)狀態(tài)，所以，用被動(dòng)態(tài))
示例4：Our clavichord is kept in the living room.(鋼琴與keep之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，詞序上亦如此，所以用被動(dòng)態(tài))
示例5：The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago.(該樂(lè)器與購(gòu)買(mǎi)buy之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，而且詞序上亦如此，所以用被動(dòng)態(tài))
示例6：Recently it was damaged by a visitor.(it與damage之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，詞序上亦如此，所以，用被動(dòng)態(tài))
示例7：Two of the strings were broken.(strings與break之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，詞序上亦如此，所以用被動(dòng)態(tài))
示例8：My father was shocked.(父親與shock之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，詞序上亦如此，所以用被動(dòng)態(tài))
示例9：We are not allowed to touch it.(我們與allow之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，詞序上亦如此，所以用被動(dòng)態(tài))
示例10：It is being repaired by a friend of my father’s.(it與repair之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，詞序上亦如此，所以用被動(dòng)態(tài)，同時(shí)，被修理的工作正處于進(jìn)行中，所以用了進(jìn)行體)
Part III：綜合訓(xùn)練
We have an old musical instrument (1) it is (2 call) a clavichord. It was (3 make) in Germany in 1681 (4) is (5 keep) in the living room. The instrument was (6 buy) by my grandfather many years ago (7) it has (8 belong) to our family (9) a long time. Recently it was (10 damage) by a visitor (11) she tried to play jazz (12) it. She struck the keys (13) hard (14) two of the strings were (15 break). My father was (16 shock) (17) now we are not (18 allow) (19) touch it. It is now (20 be) (21 repair) by a friend of my father’s.
答案：
(1) and; (2) called; (3) made; (4) and; (5) kept; (6) bought; (7) and; (8) belonged; (9) for; (10) damaged; (11) when; (12) on; (13) so; (14) that; (15) broken; (16) shocked; (17) and; (18) allowed; (19) to; (20) being; (21) repaired
Part IV：句型轉(zhuǎn)換
將下面句子進(jìn)行程度的合并：
1. We have an old musical instrument. It is called a clavichord.
2. It was made in Germany in 1681. It is kept in the living room.
3. The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago. It has belonged to our family for a long time.
4. Recently it was damaged by a visitor. She tried to play jazz on it.
5. She struck the keys too hard. Two of the strings were broken.
6. My father was shocked. Now we are not allowed to touch it.
7. Two of the strings were broken. It is being repaired by a friend of my father’s.
答案：
1. We have an old musical instrument and it is called a clavichord.
2. It was made in Germany in 1681 and is kept in the living room.
3. The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago and it has belonged to our family for a long time.
4. Recently it was damaged by a visitor when she tried to play jazz on it.
5. She struck the keys so hard that two of the strings were broken.
6. My father was shocked and now we are not allowed to touch it.
7. Two of the strings were broken and it is being repaired by a friend of my father’s