4(目的狀語(yǔ))
To associate with friends, we should be honest and open.
To achieve happiness, one has a long way to go.
5(賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))
Difficulties train oneto be great.
The updating society requires peopleto accept new things positively.
6(插入語(yǔ))
To start with, the eye-catching development of technology is a good case in point.
Needless to say, we can never do without media.
(二)V-ing:V-ing由動(dòng)詞加ing構(gòu)成，及物動(dòng)詞的ving可以帶賓語(yǔ)。ving在句中可以做除了謂語(yǔ)外的任何成分。ving一般在寫作中可以做主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)，和插入語(yǔ)。
1做主語(yǔ)：Helping othersis happiness in itself.
Losingcan be a real beginning.
2做賓語(yǔ)：Change requiresadapting oneself to a new environment.
Reading a book is likeopening a window to the outside world.
3做定語(yǔ)：
A前置(將Ving放在名詞前修飾名詞 相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞)
Change is anexcitingbusiness.
The Internet is developing at aneye-dazzlingspeed.
B后置 (將Ving放在名詞后修飾名詞 相當(dāng)于一個(gè)省略了的定語(yǔ)從句)
Peopleholding the latter viewdo strongly believe that international tourism has more benefits. = Peoplewho hold the latter viewdo strongly believe that international tourism has more benefits.
Childrenspending too much time surfing the Internetmay suffer from some psychological illnesses. = Childrenwho spend too much time surfing the Internetmay suffer from some psychological illnesses.
4做狀語(yǔ)： (只要主句的主語(yǔ)是Ving的發(fā)出者，Ving可以做所有的狀語(yǔ))
Having entered the 21stcentury, we are now blessed with more opportunities and confronted with more challenges.
Surfing the Internet, we are often annoyed by various advertisements.
Serving in the army, women can perform. as well as men do.
5做插入語(yǔ)：
A常規(guī)(一些可以做插入語(yǔ)的副詞后加上Speaking而意思不變)
1 Properly speaking,
2 Generally speaking,
3B特殊 (一些由Ving構(gòu)成的特殊插入語(yǔ))
1 Speaking of…
9 (三)V-ed: Ved由動(dòng)詞加ed構(gòu)成。Ved一般在寫作中可以做定語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)，和插入語(yǔ)。
(1)做定語(yǔ)：
A前置(將Ved放在名詞前修飾名詞 相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞)
Chance favors thepreparedmind.
It seems that we have embarked upon anever-acceleratedera.
B后置 (將Ved放在名詞后修飾名詞 相當(dāng)于一個(gè)省略了的定語(yǔ)從句)
Difficultiesmasteredare opportunities. = Difficultieswhich are masteredare opportunities.
Childrenencouraged to study alonecan cultivate their independence and toughness. = Childrenwho are encouraged to study alonecan cultivate their independence and toughness.
(2)做狀語(yǔ)：(只要主句的主語(yǔ)是Ved的承受者，Ved可以做所有的狀語(yǔ))
Well done, the smallest task becomes a miracle of achievement.
Encouraged to learn competition, children will adapt themselves to the society better in the future.
(3)做插入語(yǔ)：
1 Compared with…,
2 Compared to…,
3 Given…,
4 Given closer analysis,
5 Based on the above factors,
6 Based on the above discussion,
7 Simply stated,
8 Simply put
To associate with friends, we should be honest and open.
To achieve happiness, one has a long way to go.
5(賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))
Difficulties train oneto be great.
The updating society requires peopleto accept new things positively.
6(插入語(yǔ))
To start with, the eye-catching development of technology is a good case in point.
Needless to say, we can never do without media.
(二)V-ing:V-ing由動(dòng)詞加ing構(gòu)成，及物動(dòng)詞的ving可以帶賓語(yǔ)。ving在句中可以做除了謂語(yǔ)外的任何成分。ving一般在寫作中可以做主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)，和插入語(yǔ)。
1做主語(yǔ)：Helping othersis happiness in itself.
Losingcan be a real beginning.
2做賓語(yǔ)：Change requiresadapting oneself to a new environment.
Reading a book is likeopening a window to the outside world.
3做定語(yǔ)：
A前置(將Ving放在名詞前修飾名詞 相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞)
Change is anexcitingbusiness.
The Internet is developing at aneye-dazzlingspeed.
B后置 (將Ving放在名詞后修飾名詞 相當(dāng)于一個(gè)省略了的定語(yǔ)從句)
Peopleholding the latter viewdo strongly believe that international tourism has more benefits. = Peoplewho hold the latter viewdo strongly believe that international tourism has more benefits.
Childrenspending too much time surfing the Internetmay suffer from some psychological illnesses. = Childrenwho spend too much time surfing the Internetmay suffer from some psychological illnesses.
4做狀語(yǔ)： (只要主句的主語(yǔ)是Ving的發(fā)出者，Ving可以做所有的狀語(yǔ))
Having entered the 21stcentury, we are now blessed with more opportunities and confronted with more challenges.
Surfing the Internet, we are often annoyed by various advertisements.
Serving in the army, women can perform. as well as men do.
5做插入語(yǔ)：
A常規(guī)(一些可以做插入語(yǔ)的副詞后加上Speaking而意思不變)
1 Properly speaking,
2 Generally speaking,
3B特殊 (一些由Ving構(gòu)成的特殊插入語(yǔ))
1 Speaking of…
9 (三)V-ed: Ved由動(dòng)詞加ed構(gòu)成。Ved一般在寫作中可以做定語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)，和插入語(yǔ)。
(1)做定語(yǔ)：
A前置(將Ved放在名詞前修飾名詞 相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞)
Chance favors thepreparedmind.
It seems that we have embarked upon anever-acceleratedera.
B后置 (將Ved放在名詞后修飾名詞 相當(dāng)于一個(gè)省略了的定語(yǔ)從句)
Difficultiesmasteredare opportunities. = Difficultieswhich are masteredare opportunities.
Childrenencouraged to study alonecan cultivate their independence and toughness. = Childrenwho are encouraged to study alonecan cultivate their independence and toughness.
(2)做狀語(yǔ)：(只要主句的主語(yǔ)是Ved的承受者，Ved可以做所有的狀語(yǔ))
Well done, the smallest task becomes a miracle of achievement.
Encouraged to learn competition, children will adapt themselves to the society better in the future.
(3)做插入語(yǔ)：
1 Compared with…,
2 Compared to…,
3 Given…,
4 Given closer analysis,
5 Based on the above factors,
6 Based on the above discussion,
7 Simply stated,
8 Simply put