56. 對(duì)不起,我把課本忘在家里了。
[誤] Sorry, I forgot my textbook at home.
[正] Sorry, I left my textbook at home.
注:原文中的“忘”是指“落在家里”的意思,不能翻譯成英文的 forget,而應(yīng)用表示“把...留在某地,丟下,落下”等的意思的 leave。
57. 中國(guó)足球隊(duì)擊敗了日本隊(duì),從而取得了參加半決賽的資格。
[誤] The Chinese football team beat the Japanese team, and is qualified to play in the half-finals.
[正] The Chinese football team beat the Japanese team, and is qualified to play in the semifinals.
注:semi- 是英語(yǔ)里的一個(gè)前綴,表示“半”,例如:automatic 是“自動(dòng)的”,那么 semiautomatic 就表示“半自動(dòng)的”;diameter 指“直徑”,那么 semi-diameter 就指“半徑”;monthly 指“月刊”,那么 semi-monthly 就表示“半月刊”。以上這些都跟 semifinal(半決賽)一樣,是約定俗成的。
58. 在自然災(zāi)害期間,絕大多數(shù)人都過(guò)著半饑半飽的生活。
[誤] During the natural calamity, most people were half hungry, half full.
[正] During the natural calamity, most people were underfed.
注:under- 是一個(gè)英語(yǔ)前綴,表示“......不足的”,如:underdeveloped(經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展不充分的),underage(未到法定年齡的)等。所以,underfeed 表示“未喂飽的,食物不足的”。漢語(yǔ)中“半......半......”的結(jié)構(gòu)可以翻譯成 half...half...,例如:As for this matter, I am half-believing, half-doubting(對(duì)于這件事我是半信半疑的);This composition is half literary, half vernacular(這篇文章寫(xiě)得半文不白的)。
59. 漢語(yǔ)是我們的母語(yǔ)。
[誤] Chinese is our mother language.
[正] Chinese is our mother tongue.
注:tongue 除了指“舌頭”,還可以用來(lái)指“語(yǔ)言,方言”,如 the Spanish tongue 并非指“西班牙舌頭”,而是指“西班牙語(yǔ)”。我們常說(shuō)的有“語(yǔ)言天賦”,英語(yǔ)里相應(yīng)的表達(dá)是 the gift of tongues。“母語(yǔ)”在英語(yǔ)中用 mother tongue 表達(dá),還可以說(shuō) parent language 或 linguistic parent,但 mother language 的說(shuō)法卻是不地道的。
60. 我爺爺是奔75的人了。
[誤] My grandpa is running for seventy-five.
[正] My grandpa is getting on for seventy-five.
注:run for 有“競(jìng)賽,競(jìng)選”之意,如:run for Congress(競(jìng)選國(guó)會(huì)議員),run for the presidency(競(jìng)選總統(tǒng))等。而 get on for 才表示“接近”,它通常用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),后面一般跟年齡或者時(shí)間,如:It’s getting on for midnight(快到半夜了)等。要意譯。
[誤] Sorry, I forgot my textbook at home.
[正] Sorry, I left my textbook at home.
注:原文中的“忘”是指“落在家里”的意思,不能翻譯成英文的 forget,而應(yīng)用表示“把...留在某地,丟下,落下”等的意思的 leave。
57. 中國(guó)足球隊(duì)擊敗了日本隊(duì),從而取得了參加半決賽的資格。
[誤] The Chinese football team beat the Japanese team, and is qualified to play in the half-finals.
[正] The Chinese football team beat the Japanese team, and is qualified to play in the semifinals.
注:semi- 是英語(yǔ)里的一個(gè)前綴,表示“半”,例如:automatic 是“自動(dòng)的”,那么 semiautomatic 就表示“半自動(dòng)的”;diameter 指“直徑”,那么 semi-diameter 就指“半徑”;monthly 指“月刊”,那么 semi-monthly 就表示“半月刊”。以上這些都跟 semifinal(半決賽)一樣,是約定俗成的。
58. 在自然災(zāi)害期間,絕大多數(shù)人都過(guò)著半饑半飽的生活。
[誤] During the natural calamity, most people were half hungry, half full.
[正] During the natural calamity, most people were underfed.
注:under- 是一個(gè)英語(yǔ)前綴,表示“......不足的”,如:underdeveloped(經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展不充分的),underage(未到法定年齡的)等。所以,underfeed 表示“未喂飽的,食物不足的”。漢語(yǔ)中“半......半......”的結(jié)構(gòu)可以翻譯成 half...half...,例如:As for this matter, I am half-believing, half-doubting(對(duì)于這件事我是半信半疑的);This composition is half literary, half vernacular(這篇文章寫(xiě)得半文不白的)。
59. 漢語(yǔ)是我們的母語(yǔ)。
[誤] Chinese is our mother language.
[正] Chinese is our mother tongue.
注:tongue 除了指“舌頭”,還可以用來(lái)指“語(yǔ)言,方言”,如 the Spanish tongue 并非指“西班牙舌頭”,而是指“西班牙語(yǔ)”。我們常說(shuō)的有“語(yǔ)言天賦”,英語(yǔ)里相應(yīng)的表達(dá)是 the gift of tongues。“母語(yǔ)”在英語(yǔ)中用 mother tongue 表達(dá),還可以說(shuō) parent language 或 linguistic parent,但 mother language 的說(shuō)法卻是不地道的。
60. 我爺爺是奔75的人了。
[誤] My grandpa is running for seventy-five.
[正] My grandpa is getting on for seventy-five.
注:run for 有“競(jìng)賽,競(jìng)選”之意,如:run for Congress(競(jìng)選國(guó)會(huì)議員),run for the presidency(競(jìng)選總統(tǒng))等。而 get on for 才表示“接近”,它通常用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),后面一般跟年齡或者時(shí)間,如:It’s getting on for midnight(快到半夜了)等。要意譯。