四級(jí)聽(tīng)力考前輔導(dǎo)5

字號(hào):

(5)上下義概念的考查
     有些問(wèn)題問(wèn)的是含義之類(lèi),但其實(shí)考查的是對(duì)上下義關(guān)系的掌握?! ?BR>     3.對(duì)話聽(tīng)力中其它考查項(xiàng)目,如因果、條件、否定、比較等等。
     a.肯定與否定
     (1)含否定語(yǔ)義的副詞和形容詞,如: hardly, barely, scarcely, rarely, little, seldom, few等。
     (2)含否定語(yǔ)義的代詞和連詞, 如:nobody, nothing, neither, nor 等。
     (3)含否定意義的詞綴, 如:im-,un-,mis-,dis-, -less 等。
     (4)含否定語(yǔ)義的動(dòng)詞、動(dòng)詞詞組及介詞詞組,如:fail, miss, avoid, deny, hate, stop, refuse, doubt, far from, anything but, instead of, rather than 等。
     (5)含too...to的結(jié)構(gòu)。
     (6)強(qiáng)調(diào)否定句,句首的否定詞多數(shù)是never, little, rarely, 并且句子必須倒裝,如:Never before have I..., Little did they..., Rarely do we...等。
     (7) 雙重否定句,如 not uncommon, no one can deny..., not care less等。
     (8) 注意縮寫(xiě)形式的否定讀音,如: aren’t, don’t, hasn’t, weren’t, wasn’t等。
     b.具有倍數(shù)意義的名詞、形容詞、副詞或動(dòng)詞等
     times 乘,quarter 四分之一, twice 兩倍,one-third/fourth 三/四分之一,couple 雙,三兩個(gè), discount 折扣, half(of) ……的一半,half as much/ many as 加半倍,一倍半,double 使加倍,增加一倍,twice as much/ many as 是……的兩倍 percentage 百分比,off減、降、少, pair (a pair of) 一對(duì),一雙
     c.比較與選擇
     as…as和……一樣,not as/not so … as … 和……不一樣,twice (half) as … as…是……兩倍/一半三組表示同級(jí)比較。more/less…than,not more… than,not/no+比較級(jí)(=級(jí))三組表示不等比較:“……比……更”。類(lèi)似詞還有never better, nothing better, than ever before, than anyone else, than anything else 等等。
     其它:the more…,the more…表示越……越……,not so much… as (=less… than …) 與其說(shuō)……不如說(shuō)……
     其它暗含的比較形式還有:動(dòng)詞prefer… rather than/to … , reduce … (to),形容詞 top, favorite,句型 would rather … than … (寧可……也不……),the last (=the least likely), not the less (=none the less)仍然,依然