動詞不定式是學(xué)習(xí)英語的難點(diǎn)之一，也是構(gòu)成長句的一個(gè)重要因素。不定式有自己的賓語、狀語和補(bǔ)足語，組成不定式短語。在分析句子時(shí)要把不定式短語看作一個(gè)整體。不定式在句中可作主語、表語、賓語、定語、狀語和補(bǔ)足語。
不定式短語在句中分析與翻譯的實(shí)例
75.You will remember that the materials which combine to make a mixture do not completely lose their individual qualities.They do not do so because their molecules are not broken up and built into new molecules with new qualities.
你們要記住，組成混合物的各種物質(zhì)完全沒有失去它們各自的性質(zhì)。它們之所以這樣，是因?yàn)樗鼈兊姆肿硬]有分解，沒有形成具有新性質(zhì)的新分子。（不定式短語to make a mixture是謂語combine的結(jié)果狀語。）
76.The moon's pull causes water in the oceans to be a little deeper at the point closest to the moon and also at a point farthest from themoon，on the oppositeside of the earth.
月球的引力會引起近月點(diǎn)處和地球另一端的遠(yuǎn)月點(diǎn)處海洋的海水略深一些。（cause sth.To do sb，“引起……作……”。to be alittle deeper.……作water賓語補(bǔ)足語。）
77. It is also a familiar fact that a force is required to slow down or stop a body which is already in motion，and that a sidewise force must be exerted on a moving body to deviate it from a straight line.
要使一個(gè)已經(jīng)運(yùn)動的物體慢下來或使其停止運(yùn)動就需要作用力；要使該物體偏離直線運(yùn)動，就需要橫向作用力，這也是大家所熟悉的事實(shí)。（it是形式主語，代替that引出的兩個(gè)主語從句。不定式短語to deviate.……1ine是目的狀語，其中it代替the moving body.）
78.Though only l07 elements have been discovered，they combine in enough different ways to make the millions and millions of different things in the world.
雖然只發(fā)現(xiàn)了107種元素，但是這些元素以不同的方式化合在一起就會形成世界上無數(shù)的千差萬別的東西。（不定式短語to make.……作結(jié)果狀語，說明enough.）
79.Since we have already associated flow of charge or current with the existence of potential difference，it becomes of interest and importance to establish a quantitative relation between these two quantities.
因?yàn)槲覀円呀?jīng)把電荷的流動即電流與電位差的存在聯(lián)系起來，因而在這兩個(gè)量之間確立一種數(shù)量關(guān)系就成為重要而值得注意的問題了。（不定式短語to establish.一quantities是主語，it是形式主語。）
80.Apart from the enormous outflow of funds from the oil-consuming countries，a more basic concern is the capability of the major exporters of crude oil to achieve a continuing production target roughly doubling output every tenyears to meet the required oil demand if present trend continues.
且不談用油國的資金大量外流，更令人擔(dān)心的重要問題是：如果目前的這種趨勢繼續(xù)發(fā)展下去，那么主要原油出口國是否有能力每10年大致將產(chǎn)量翻一番以滿足對石油的需求。
（a-partfrom，“除了，且不說”。of.……oil作capability的定語，不定式短語to achieve.……continue也作定語，修飾capability.這個(gè)不定式短語中包含有：現(xiàn)在分詞短語roughly doubling.……continue.這個(gè)短語中又包含有不定式短語作目的狀語to meet.……continue和if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語，這兩個(gè)狀語都用來修飾doubling.）
不定式短語在句中分析與翻譯的實(shí)例
75.You will remember that the materials which combine to make a mixture do not completely lose their individual qualities.They do not do so because their molecules are not broken up and built into new molecules with new qualities.
你們要記住，組成混合物的各種物質(zhì)完全沒有失去它們各自的性質(zhì)。它們之所以這樣，是因?yàn)樗鼈兊姆肿硬]有分解，沒有形成具有新性質(zhì)的新分子。（不定式短語to make a mixture是謂語combine的結(jié)果狀語。）
76.The moon's pull causes water in the oceans to be a little deeper at the point closest to the moon and also at a point farthest from themoon，on the oppositeside of the earth.
月球的引力會引起近月點(diǎn)處和地球另一端的遠(yuǎn)月點(diǎn)處海洋的海水略深一些。（cause sth.To do sb，“引起……作……”。to be alittle deeper.……作water賓語補(bǔ)足語。）
77. It is also a familiar fact that a force is required to slow down or stop a body which is already in motion，and that a sidewise force must be exerted on a moving body to deviate it from a straight line.
要使一個(gè)已經(jīng)運(yùn)動的物體慢下來或使其停止運(yùn)動就需要作用力；要使該物體偏離直線運(yùn)動，就需要橫向作用力，這也是大家所熟悉的事實(shí)。（it是形式主語，代替that引出的兩個(gè)主語從句。不定式短語to deviate.……1ine是目的狀語，其中it代替the moving body.）
78.Though only l07 elements have been discovered，they combine in enough different ways to make the millions and millions of different things in the world.
雖然只發(fā)現(xiàn)了107種元素，但是這些元素以不同的方式化合在一起就會形成世界上無數(shù)的千差萬別的東西。（不定式短語to make.……作結(jié)果狀語，說明enough.）
79.Since we have already associated flow of charge or current with the existence of potential difference，it becomes of interest and importance to establish a quantitative relation between these two quantities.
因?yàn)槲覀円呀?jīng)把電荷的流動即電流與電位差的存在聯(lián)系起來，因而在這兩個(gè)量之間確立一種數(shù)量關(guān)系就成為重要而值得注意的問題了。（不定式短語to establish.一quantities是主語，it是形式主語。）
80.Apart from the enormous outflow of funds from the oil-consuming countries，a more basic concern is the capability of the major exporters of crude oil to achieve a continuing production target roughly doubling output every tenyears to meet the required oil demand if present trend continues.
且不談用油國的資金大量外流，更令人擔(dān)心的重要問題是：如果目前的這種趨勢繼續(xù)發(fā)展下去，那么主要原油出口國是否有能力每10年大致將產(chǎn)量翻一番以滿足對石油的需求。
（a-partfrom，“除了，且不說”。of.……oil作capability的定語，不定式短語to achieve.……continue也作定語，修飾capability.這個(gè)不定式短語中包含有：現(xiàn)在分詞短語roughly doubling.……continue.這個(gè)短語中又包含有不定式短語作目的狀語to meet.……continue和if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語，這兩個(gè)狀語都用來修飾doubling.）