石家莊市第20中學(xué) 鄢桂風(fēng) 范學(xué)敏
一、疑點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)*
1. Have you turned off your radio？你關(guān)掉收音機(jī)了嗎？
疑點(diǎn)：turn off表示“切斷、關(guān)上”之意，用于指切斷電源、關(guān)上水管等。它的反義詞是turn on。當(dāng)關(guān)掉的東西是代詞時，把代詞放在中間。
如：His mother told him to turn off TV and do his homework.他母親叫他關(guān)掉電視去做作業(yè)。
The tap is broken.If you want to save water，you must turn it off.
難點(diǎn)：與此相關(guān)的短語還有turn up“開大聲”，turn down“關(guān)小點(diǎn)聲”。用法同turn off/on.
如：It is too noisy. Please turn your radio down.
I can’t hear clearly. Would you please turn the tape up？
2.In the past twelve months they’ve had three major concerts and made a hit CD.在過去的12個月里他們舉行了3次大型 演唱會，出了一盤火暴的CD。
疑點(diǎn)：for/in the past/last twelve months/years/days/etc.常與現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)連用。
如：(1)For the past few days he has been ill.幾天來他一直生病。
(2)She has been ill for the last three days.這三個星期他在生病。
(3)In the past three years we have learned two thousand English words.
3年來我們學(xué)了2000個英語單詞。
難點(diǎn)：用于肯定句時，和以上短語連用的動詞必須是延續(xù)性動作。
如：He has had(而不是bought)the book for three years.他已經(jīng)買這本書三年了。
You have kept(不用borrow) the book for two weeks.你已經(jīng)借這本書兩個星期了。
3. This program started in 1980 and so far has brought thousands of overseas Chinese students to China to look for their families’roots.這個項(xiàng)目是1980年開始的，到目前為止已經(jīng)幫助了幾千名海外中國學(xué)生來中國尋根。
疑點(diǎn)：so far意為“到目前為止”，相當(dāng)于till now/up to now，可用于句首或句末，用作狀語，表示范圍、程度或距離，通常作為現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語出現(xiàn)。
如：I have read many foreign stories so far.
難點(diǎn)：so far as 意為“就…而論”、“到…程度”，表示程度、距離等。
如：So far as I know，he has been to Beijing many times.據(jù)我所知，他已去過北京許多次了。
4. I agree with you. 我同意你的看法。
疑點(diǎn)：agree with sb./sb.’s idea/ sb.’s view同意某人，同意某人的觀點(diǎn)、想法、主意。
如：My mother doesn’t agree with my father and me.我媽媽不同意我和爸爸的想法。
難點(diǎn)：agree還有許多的用法
(1)用于簡短回答中“同意”或“贊成”。如：Chocolate is good for your health. Do you agree？
Yes，I agree./No，I don’t agree.
(2)agree to do sth同意去做某事。如：I agree to ask someone for help.我同意向別人求助。
(3)agree to sth贊成某個建議、安排等。如：He agreed to your suggestion.他贊成你的建議。
(4)agree on sth. 在……方面達(dá)成一致。如：We agree on a price for the car.我們就車價(jià)達(dá)成一致意見。
(5)agree that+從句。如：Tom’s mother agree that he went on with his study.
5.You have probably never heard of Amy Winterbourne.你大概從未聽說過Amy Winterbourne.
疑點(diǎn)：hear of/about聽說，接名詞、代詞或動名詞。如：I have never heard of the story before.
難點(diǎn)：1)hear表示聽說時，后面接賓語從句。
如：I heard that his father died yesterday.
2)hear from=get/receive a letter from意為“收到…的信”，“得到…的消息”from后面加表示人的名詞或代詞
如：How often do you hear from your father？你每隔多久收到你父親的來信？
6. The walls are made from old glass bottles that are glued together.墻是由膠合在一起的舊玻璃瓶做成的。
疑點(diǎn)：be made from 意思是“由… 制成”，但制成品不能看出原材料。
如：Paper is made from wood.紙是由木頭制成的。
難點(diǎn)：be made還可以構(gòu)成其他詞組，注意區(qū)分。
(1)be made of意為“由…原材料制成”，主語為制成品，而且能看出原材料，of后面接表示原材料的名詞。如：This jacket is made of cotton.這件上衣是棉花做的。
(2)be made in表示某一產(chǎn)品在某地生產(chǎn)或制造，in后面跟表示地點(diǎn)的名詞。
如：Trains are made in Zhuzhou.火車是株洲制造的。
(3)be made by意為“由(誰)制造的”，by后面接動作的執(zhí)行者。如：The desk was made by his brother.這張桌子是他弟弟做的。
二、重點(diǎn)講解
1. Have you packed yet？你打包了嗎？
(1)這是一個現(xiàn)在完成時的句型，它是在兩個時間上，一是過去，一是現(xiàn)在。它的動作發(fā)生在過去，但對現(xiàn)在有影響或結(jié)果，而這種影響和結(jié)果是說話人的興趣所在，所以常常后面不用時間狀語。Have/has+動詞的過去分詞，是它的基本結(jié)構(gòu)。
如：Someone has broken the door.有人把門打破了。(結(jié)果，門仍破著)
(2)pack包裝，把……裝箱pack sth(up)into…整理行裝
如：Pack clothes into a truck.把衣服裝進(jìn)衣箱內(nèi)。
pack into塞進(jìn)，擠進(jìn)。如：The children packed into the cinemas on a wet day.在雨天，孩子們擠進(jìn)電*。
2. I have not cleaned out the refrigerator yet.我還沒把 冰箱清除干凈。
clean sth out打掃某物之內(nèi)部，掃除某物的塵土等。如：It is time for you to clean your bedroom.現(xiàn)在該你打掃你的臥室的時候了。
clean sth up清除罪犯和不道德分子，整頓(某物)。
如：The mayor has decided to clean up the city.市長已決定要整頓市政。
clean sth down清掃，擦干凈。如：Clean down the walls.把墻上的塵土掃下。
3. I have not done any of these things yet because my grandfather came to chat to me.那些事情我一樣也還沒做，因?yàn)槲易娓竵砗臀伊奶臁?BR> (1)because連詞，因?yàn)?。如：I did it because they asked me to do it.我做這事是因?yàn)樗麄円易觥?BR> (2)because所表達(dá)的原因是不知道的，如要表達(dá)明顯的理由，或被認(rèn)為是知道的，就用as，for，或so。如：As it is raining，you had better take a taxi.=It is raining，so you had better take a taxi.既然下雨，你坐 出租車來。
(3)because of 后面加名詞或名詞短語。
如：Because of his bad legs，he could not walk so fast as the others.因?yàn)樗耐扔忻?，他不能和別人一樣走得快。
4.Be sure not to miss them if they come to a city near you-if you can get tickets.如果他們到了一個離你近的城市，務(wù)必不要錯過，如果你能得到票的話。
be sure to do務(wù)必，一定要。如：Be sure to tell me when you arrive home.到家后務(wù)必要告訴我一聲。
★注意動詞不定式to do的否定形式，要直接在to do前加not。如：Be sure not to wake up the sleeping boy.一定不要吵醒在睡覺的孩子。
5. I feel like I have done something that wasn’t important to me before.我想我做了些原先對我并不重要的一些事情。
feel like+ doing sth.想要，欲要。如：I don’t feel like eating a big meal now.我現(xiàn)在不想吃大餐。
6. They provide homes for many endangered animals，and help to educate the public about caring for them.我們?yōu)闉l危動物們提供住所，并教育公眾照顧他們。
provide sth for sb /provide sb with sth把某物提供給某人。如：These letters should provide us with all the information we need.這些信應(yīng)該為我們提供所需的全部信息。
三、語法展示
(一)特殊副詞的用法
現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)我們在前面的一、二個單元中已講述過，所以本單元只講現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)與幾個副詞的關(guān)系。
1. ever， never
ever“曾經(jīng)”，表示從過去到目前為止的時間，用于現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的疑問和含有級的從句中，否定句中常用never代替ever，在反意疑問句中，附加問句用肯定。
如：(1)Have you ever been to Hefei？你曾去過合肥嗎？
(2)This is the most interesting film that I have ever seen.這是我曾看過的電影中最有趣的一部。
(3)He has never been to the Great Wall，has he？他從未去過 長城，是嗎？
2. still，just
still“仍然，還”，強(qiáng)調(diào)過去開始的情況或動作仍在繼續(xù)，指時間，強(qiáng)調(diào)延續(xù)；just“剛剛，剛才”，多與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。注意要與just now區(qū)別開，just now指過去的時間，常與過去時連用。
如：(1)Has your sister still lived here？你妹妹仍然住在這兒嗎？
(2)I have just finished lunch.我剛吃過中飯。
(3)I saw her mother just now.我剛才看見了她母親。
3. before，ago
兩者都可作副詞用，before表示過去時間的以前，可獨(dú)立使用，泛指“以前”，可用于現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)或一般過去時態(tài)。ago不能獨(dú)立使用，要置于時間段的詞組之后，只能用于過去時態(tài)，表示從現(xiàn)在算起以前的時間。但可以用在情態(tài)動詞加完成時態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)中，表示現(xiàn)在對過去發(fā)生的事情的推測。此外與since連用，構(gòu)成since…ago用于現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。
如：(1)She has seen the film before. 她以前看過這部電影。
(2)Mary saw Jim a week ago.瑪麗一周前見過吉姆。
(3)A lot of new things have happened since ten years ago.自十年前以來發(fā)生了很多新鮮事。
4. since，for
since：“自從”，表示的是一個時間點(diǎn)，可用作介詞，也可作連詞。用作介詞時，后接指時間點(diǎn)的名詞或短語；用作連詞時，后跟一個時間狀語從句，但其前的謂語動詞或主句的謂語動詞須用現(xiàn)在完成時。for構(gòu)成的短語在現(xiàn)在完成時里，表示時間的長度，后須跟“一段時間”，不可跟“時間點(diǎn)”。
如：(1)He has worked at that factory since he came to the city.他到這城市以來一直在這家工廠工作。
(2)I have studied English for three years. 我學(xué)習(xí)英語已有三年了。
(二)have been to 與have gone to 的區(qū)別
(1)have been to表示“已經(jīng)去過某地”，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在所去的地方了
如：He has been to America twice.他已經(jīng)去過美國兩次了。
(2)have gone to表示“去了某地”，并未回來，最起碼不在當(dāng)?shù)亍?BR> He is not here. He has gone to America.他不在這里，他去美國了。
四、同步練習(xí)
(一)單項(xiàng)選擇：
1.Please go to the station＿＿＿＿ to when the train to Beijing starts to leave.
A. find for
B. look for
C. find out
D. find
2.We need friends to＿＿＿＿ ，or we will feel＿＿＿＿ .
A. chat， alone
B. chat with， lonely
C. speak， lonely
D. talk with，alone
3. He was＿＿＿＿ with his head＿＿＿＿ his arms.
A. sleeping，over
B. sleepy，back
C. asleep，on
D. sleeping，around
4. We wait for＿＿＿＿ Tom for hour and ＿＿＿＿h(yuǎn)alf.
A. an，a
B. a，an
C. a，/
D. /，a
5. There＿＿＿＿ great changes in our country since 1979.
A. have been
B. were
C. has been
D. are
6. I feel like＿＿＿＿ fishing now.
A. going to
B. going
C. going for
D. to go to
7. There will not be enough space to＿＿＿＿ the earth in the future.
A. live on
B. live in
C. live on in
D. live in on
8. I think the environment is really important.＿＿＿＿ ，I like＿＿＿＿ my bike.
A. Beside， riding
B. Besides，riding
C. Except，to ride
D. Except，riding
9. ＿＿＿＿the Great Green Wall，the land produce more crops.
A. Thanks for
B. Thanks to
C. Thank to
D. Thank for
10. ——＿＿＿＿ everyone arrived yet？ ——No. Dick＿＿＿＿ come yet.
A. Have，doesn’t
B. Has，doesn’t
C. Have，hasn’t
D. Has，hasn’t
11. I’m old enough to wash＿＿＿＿ clothes by myself. You can just wash＿＿＿＿ .
A. my，your
B. mine，yours
C. my，yours
D. your，my
12. If I＿＿＿＿ five minutes， I＿＿＿＿ everything ready.
A.am given，will get
B. will give，will get
C. will be given，get
D. have，get
13. ——How long＿＿＿＿ the film＿＿＿＿ ？ ——For about twenty minutes.
A. did， begin
B. has， begun
C. has， been on
D. has， been
14. The boys＿＿＿＿ red sports shirts are the fans of our team.
A. with B. in
C. at D. from
15. Are all of you against＿＿＿＿ a new zoo in your town？
A. build B. building
C. to build D. builds
(二)用所給詞的正確形式填空
1. Some of the rivers near here＿＿＿＿ (污染) three years ago.
2. The＿＿＿＿ (背景)of the movie is very beautiful and cool.
3. They often collect waste paper and bottles for＿＿＿＿ (回收)to protect the environment.
4. I sat there to write a composition，but I found I was completely without____(靈感).
5. ＿＿＿＿(多虧了)your help，I caught up with my classmates.
(三)同步寫作
你聽說過某些瀕臨滅絕的動物嗎？請以Why should we protect wildlife animals？為題，用英語寫一篇短文，說明為什么要保護(hù)野生動物。詞數(shù)為80個詞左右。
寫作提示：1. 為什么有些野生動物處于危險(xiǎn)之中;2.為什么保護(hù)野生動物很重要;3.我們應(yīng)該采取什么措施來保護(hù)野生動物。
提示詞語：wildlife(野生的)，endangered，tiger，panda，destroy(破壞)，fur，take measures(采取措施)，plant，tree，build a birdhouse
答案：
(一)1-5 CBDAA 6-10 BDBBD
11-15CACBB
(二)1.were polluted 2. background 3. recycling 4. inspiration 5. Thanks to
(三)One possible version：
Why should we protect wildlife animals？
Do you know of any endangered animals？Why are they in danger？
I think there are many endangered animals in the world，such as tigers and pandas.
When farmers cut down trees，tigers can no longer hide and hunt. Many tigers are killed by people who want to sell their fur for money. And there are few places where pandas can live.
We are not alone in the world. We human beings could not live without all the plants and animals around us. So protecting wildlife animals are very important. We must take measures to keep plants from being destroyed and stop animals from being killed. If each of us can plant a tree and build a birdhouse，the world will be more beautiful. It is very easy but useful.
一、疑點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)*
1. Have you turned off your radio？你關(guān)掉收音機(jī)了嗎？
疑點(diǎn)：turn off表示“切斷、關(guān)上”之意，用于指切斷電源、關(guān)上水管等。它的反義詞是turn on。當(dāng)關(guān)掉的東西是代詞時，把代詞放在中間。
如：His mother told him to turn off TV and do his homework.他母親叫他關(guān)掉電視去做作業(yè)。
The tap is broken.If you want to save water，you must turn it off.
難點(diǎn)：與此相關(guān)的短語還有turn up“開大聲”，turn down“關(guān)小點(diǎn)聲”。用法同turn off/on.
如：It is too noisy. Please turn your radio down.
I can’t hear clearly. Would you please turn the tape up？
2.In the past twelve months they’ve had three major concerts and made a hit CD.在過去的12個月里他們舉行了3次大型 演唱會，出了一盤火暴的CD。
疑點(diǎn)：for/in the past/last twelve months/years/days/etc.常與現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)連用。
如：(1)For the past few days he has been ill.幾天來他一直生病。
(2)She has been ill for the last three days.這三個星期他在生病。
(3)In the past three years we have learned two thousand English words.
3年來我們學(xué)了2000個英語單詞。
難點(diǎn)：用于肯定句時，和以上短語連用的動詞必須是延續(xù)性動作。
如：He has had(而不是bought)the book for three years.他已經(jīng)買這本書三年了。
You have kept(不用borrow) the book for two weeks.你已經(jīng)借這本書兩個星期了。
3. This program started in 1980 and so far has brought thousands of overseas Chinese students to China to look for their families’roots.這個項(xiàng)目是1980年開始的，到目前為止已經(jīng)幫助了幾千名海外中國學(xué)生來中國尋根。
疑點(diǎn)：so far意為“到目前為止”，相當(dāng)于till now/up to now，可用于句首或句末，用作狀語，表示范圍、程度或距離，通常作為現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語出現(xiàn)。
如：I have read many foreign stories so far.
難點(diǎn)：so far as 意為“就…而論”、“到…程度”，表示程度、距離等。
如：So far as I know，he has been to Beijing many times.據(jù)我所知，他已去過北京許多次了。
4. I agree with you. 我同意你的看法。
疑點(diǎn)：agree with sb./sb.’s idea/ sb.’s view同意某人，同意某人的觀點(diǎn)、想法、主意。
如：My mother doesn’t agree with my father and me.我媽媽不同意我和爸爸的想法。
難點(diǎn)：agree還有許多的用法
(1)用于簡短回答中“同意”或“贊成”。如：Chocolate is good for your health. Do you agree？
Yes，I agree./No，I don’t agree.
(2)agree to do sth同意去做某事。如：I agree to ask someone for help.我同意向別人求助。
(3)agree to sth贊成某個建議、安排等。如：He agreed to your suggestion.他贊成你的建議。
(4)agree on sth. 在……方面達(dá)成一致。如：We agree on a price for the car.我們就車價(jià)達(dá)成一致意見。
(5)agree that+從句。如：Tom’s mother agree that he went on with his study.
5.You have probably never heard of Amy Winterbourne.你大概從未聽說過Amy Winterbourne.
疑點(diǎn)：hear of/about聽說，接名詞、代詞或動名詞。如：I have never heard of the story before.
難點(diǎn)：1)hear表示聽說時，后面接賓語從句。
如：I heard that his father died yesterday.
2)hear from=get/receive a letter from意為“收到…的信”，“得到…的消息”from后面加表示人的名詞或代詞
如：How often do you hear from your father？你每隔多久收到你父親的來信？
6. The walls are made from old glass bottles that are glued together.墻是由膠合在一起的舊玻璃瓶做成的。
疑點(diǎn)：be made from 意思是“由… 制成”，但制成品不能看出原材料。
如：Paper is made from wood.紙是由木頭制成的。
難點(diǎn)：be made還可以構(gòu)成其他詞組，注意區(qū)分。
(1)be made of意為“由…原材料制成”，主語為制成品，而且能看出原材料，of后面接表示原材料的名詞。如：This jacket is made of cotton.這件上衣是棉花做的。
(2)be made in表示某一產(chǎn)品在某地生產(chǎn)或制造，in后面跟表示地點(diǎn)的名詞。
如：Trains are made in Zhuzhou.火車是株洲制造的。
(3)be made by意為“由(誰)制造的”，by后面接動作的執(zhí)行者。如：The desk was made by his brother.這張桌子是他弟弟做的。
二、重點(diǎn)講解
1. Have you packed yet？你打包了嗎？
(1)這是一個現(xiàn)在完成時的句型，它是在兩個時間上，一是過去，一是現(xiàn)在。它的動作發(fā)生在過去，但對現(xiàn)在有影響或結(jié)果，而這種影響和結(jié)果是說話人的興趣所在，所以常常后面不用時間狀語。Have/has+動詞的過去分詞，是它的基本結(jié)構(gòu)。
如：Someone has broken the door.有人把門打破了。(結(jié)果，門仍破著)
(2)pack包裝，把……裝箱pack sth(up)into…整理行裝
如：Pack clothes into a truck.把衣服裝進(jìn)衣箱內(nèi)。
pack into塞進(jìn)，擠進(jìn)。如：The children packed into the cinemas on a wet day.在雨天，孩子們擠進(jìn)電*。
2. I have not cleaned out the refrigerator yet.我還沒把 冰箱清除干凈。
clean sth out打掃某物之內(nèi)部，掃除某物的塵土等。如：It is time for you to clean your bedroom.現(xiàn)在該你打掃你的臥室的時候了。
clean sth up清除罪犯和不道德分子，整頓(某物)。
如：The mayor has decided to clean up the city.市長已決定要整頓市政。
clean sth down清掃，擦干凈。如：Clean down the walls.把墻上的塵土掃下。
3. I have not done any of these things yet because my grandfather came to chat to me.那些事情我一樣也還沒做，因?yàn)槲易娓竵砗臀伊奶臁?BR> (1)because連詞，因?yàn)?。如：I did it because they asked me to do it.我做這事是因?yàn)樗麄円易觥?BR> (2)because所表達(dá)的原因是不知道的，如要表達(dá)明顯的理由，或被認(rèn)為是知道的，就用as，for，或so。如：As it is raining，you had better take a taxi.=It is raining，so you had better take a taxi.既然下雨，你坐 出租車來。
(3)because of 后面加名詞或名詞短語。
如：Because of his bad legs，he could not walk so fast as the others.因?yàn)樗耐扔忻?，他不能和別人一樣走得快。
4.Be sure not to miss them if they come to a city near you-if you can get tickets.如果他們到了一個離你近的城市，務(wù)必不要錯過，如果你能得到票的話。
be sure to do務(wù)必，一定要。如：Be sure to tell me when you arrive home.到家后務(wù)必要告訴我一聲。
★注意動詞不定式to do的否定形式，要直接在to do前加not。如：Be sure not to wake up the sleeping boy.一定不要吵醒在睡覺的孩子。
5. I feel like I have done something that wasn’t important to me before.我想我做了些原先對我并不重要的一些事情。
feel like+ doing sth.想要，欲要。如：I don’t feel like eating a big meal now.我現(xiàn)在不想吃大餐。
6. They provide homes for many endangered animals，and help to educate the public about caring for them.我們?yōu)闉l危動物們提供住所，并教育公眾照顧他們。
provide sth for sb /provide sb with sth把某物提供給某人。如：These letters should provide us with all the information we need.這些信應(yīng)該為我們提供所需的全部信息。
三、語法展示
(一)特殊副詞的用法
現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)我們在前面的一、二個單元中已講述過，所以本單元只講現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)與幾個副詞的關(guān)系。
1. ever， never
ever“曾經(jīng)”，表示從過去到目前為止的時間，用于現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的疑問和含有級的從句中，否定句中常用never代替ever，在反意疑問句中，附加問句用肯定。
如：(1)Have you ever been to Hefei？你曾去過合肥嗎？
(2)This is the most interesting film that I have ever seen.這是我曾看過的電影中最有趣的一部。
(3)He has never been to the Great Wall，has he？他從未去過 長城，是嗎？
2. still，just
still“仍然，還”，強(qiáng)調(diào)過去開始的情況或動作仍在繼續(xù)，指時間，強(qiáng)調(diào)延續(xù)；just“剛剛，剛才”，多與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。注意要與just now區(qū)別開，just now指過去的時間，常與過去時連用。
如：(1)Has your sister still lived here？你妹妹仍然住在這兒嗎？
(2)I have just finished lunch.我剛吃過中飯。
(3)I saw her mother just now.我剛才看見了她母親。
3. before，ago
兩者都可作副詞用，before表示過去時間的以前，可獨(dú)立使用，泛指“以前”，可用于現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)或一般過去時態(tài)。ago不能獨(dú)立使用，要置于時間段的詞組之后，只能用于過去時態(tài)，表示從現(xiàn)在算起以前的時間。但可以用在情態(tài)動詞加完成時態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)中，表示現(xiàn)在對過去發(fā)生的事情的推測。此外與since連用，構(gòu)成since…ago用于現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。
如：(1)She has seen the film before. 她以前看過這部電影。
(2)Mary saw Jim a week ago.瑪麗一周前見過吉姆。
(3)A lot of new things have happened since ten years ago.自十年前以來發(fā)生了很多新鮮事。
4. since，for
since：“自從”，表示的是一個時間點(diǎn)，可用作介詞，也可作連詞。用作介詞時，后接指時間點(diǎn)的名詞或短語；用作連詞時，后跟一個時間狀語從句，但其前的謂語動詞或主句的謂語動詞須用現(xiàn)在完成時。for構(gòu)成的短語在現(xiàn)在完成時里，表示時間的長度，后須跟“一段時間”，不可跟“時間點(diǎn)”。
如：(1)He has worked at that factory since he came to the city.他到這城市以來一直在這家工廠工作。
(2)I have studied English for three years. 我學(xué)習(xí)英語已有三年了。
(二)have been to 與have gone to 的區(qū)別
(1)have been to表示“已經(jīng)去過某地”，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在所去的地方了
如：He has been to America twice.他已經(jīng)去過美國兩次了。
(2)have gone to表示“去了某地”，并未回來，最起碼不在當(dāng)?shù)亍?BR> He is not here. He has gone to America.他不在這里，他去美國了。
四、同步練習(xí)
(一)單項(xiàng)選擇：
1.Please go to the station＿＿＿＿ to when the train to Beijing starts to leave.
A. find for
B. look for
C. find out
D. find
2.We need friends to＿＿＿＿ ，or we will feel＿＿＿＿ .
A. chat， alone
B. chat with， lonely
C. speak， lonely
D. talk with，alone
3. He was＿＿＿＿ with his head＿＿＿＿ his arms.
A. sleeping，over
B. sleepy，back
C. asleep，on
D. sleeping，around
4. We wait for＿＿＿＿ Tom for hour and ＿＿＿＿h(yuǎn)alf.
A. an，a
B. a，an
C. a，/
D. /，a
5. There＿＿＿＿ great changes in our country since 1979.
A. have been
B. were
C. has been
D. are
6. I feel like＿＿＿＿ fishing now.
A. going to
B. going
C. going for
D. to go to
7. There will not be enough space to＿＿＿＿ the earth in the future.
A. live on
B. live in
C. live on in
D. live in on
8. I think the environment is really important.＿＿＿＿ ，I like＿＿＿＿ my bike.
A. Beside， riding
B. Besides，riding
C. Except，to ride
D. Except，riding
9. ＿＿＿＿the Great Green Wall，the land produce more crops.
A. Thanks for
B. Thanks to
C. Thank to
D. Thank for
10. ——＿＿＿＿ everyone arrived yet？ ——No. Dick＿＿＿＿ come yet.
A. Have，doesn’t
B. Has，doesn’t
C. Have，hasn’t
D. Has，hasn’t
11. I’m old enough to wash＿＿＿＿ clothes by myself. You can just wash＿＿＿＿ .
A. my，your
B. mine，yours
C. my，yours
D. your，my
12. If I＿＿＿＿ five minutes， I＿＿＿＿ everything ready.
A.am given，will get
B. will give，will get
C. will be given，get
D. have，get
13. ——How long＿＿＿＿ the film＿＿＿＿ ？ ——For about twenty minutes.
A. did， begin
B. has， begun
C. has， been on
D. has， been
14. The boys＿＿＿＿ red sports shirts are the fans of our team.
A. with B. in
C. at D. from
15. Are all of you against＿＿＿＿ a new zoo in your town？
A. build B. building
C. to build D. builds
(二)用所給詞的正確形式填空
1. Some of the rivers near here＿＿＿＿ (污染) three years ago.
2. The＿＿＿＿ (背景)of the movie is very beautiful and cool.
3. They often collect waste paper and bottles for＿＿＿＿ (回收)to protect the environment.
4. I sat there to write a composition，but I found I was completely without____(靈感).
5. ＿＿＿＿(多虧了)your help，I caught up with my classmates.
(三)同步寫作
你聽說過某些瀕臨滅絕的動物嗎？請以Why should we protect wildlife animals？為題，用英語寫一篇短文，說明為什么要保護(hù)野生動物。詞數(shù)為80個詞左右。
寫作提示：1. 為什么有些野生動物處于危險(xiǎn)之中;2.為什么保護(hù)野生動物很重要;3.我們應(yīng)該采取什么措施來保護(hù)野生動物。
提示詞語：wildlife(野生的)，endangered，tiger，panda，destroy(破壞)，fur，take measures(采取措施)，plant，tree，build a birdhouse
答案：
(一)1-5 CBDAA 6-10 BDBBD
11-15CACBB
(二)1.were polluted 2. background 3. recycling 4. inspiration 5. Thanks to
(三)One possible version：
Why should we protect wildlife animals？
Do you know of any endangered animals？Why are they in danger？
I think there are many endangered animals in the world，such as tigers and pandas.
When farmers cut down trees，tigers can no longer hide and hunt. Many tigers are killed by people who want to sell their fur for money. And there are few places where pandas can live.
We are not alone in the world. We human beings could not live without all the plants and animals around us. So protecting wildlife animals are very important. We must take measures to keep plants from being destroyed and stop animals from being killed. If each of us can plant a tree and build a birdhouse，the world will be more beautiful. It is very easy but useful.