[動(dòng)詞不定式]不定式作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)

字號(hào):

1) 有些有動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+不定式的結(jié)構(gòu)。例如:
    advise allow cause challenge command compel
    drive 驅(qū)使 enable encourage forbid force impel
    induce instruct invite like/love order permit
    make let have want get warn
    persuade request send tell train urge
    例如;
    Father will not allow us to play on the street.  父親不讓我們?cè)诮稚贤嫠!?BR>    The officer ordered his men to fire. 長(zhǎng)官命令士兵開(kāi)火。
    注意:有些動(dòng)詞如make,have,get,want等可用不定式作做賓補(bǔ),也可用分詞作賓補(bǔ)?,F(xiàn)在分詞表達(dá)主動(dòng),也表達(dá)正在進(jìn)行,過(guò)去分詞表達(dá)被動(dòng)。
    2) 有些有動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+不定式的結(jié)構(gòu),不定式的動(dòng)詞往往是be,不定式一般可以省去。例如:
    consider find believe think declare(聲稱) appoint
    guess fancy(設(shè)想) guess judge imagine know
    例如:
    We believe him to be guilty. 我們相信他是有罪的。
    We know him to be a fool. 我們知道他是個(gè)笨蛋。(to be 不能省去)
    典型例題
    Charles Babbage is generally considered ___ the first computer.
    A. to invent B. inventing  C. to have invented  D. having invented
    答案:C. 一般沒(méi)有consider+賓語(yǔ)+be以外不定式的結(jié)構(gòu),也沒(méi)有consider+賓語(yǔ)+doing的結(jié)構(gòu),排除A、B、D.consider用動(dòng)詞be以外的不定式作賓補(bǔ)時(shí),一般要求用不定式的完成式,故選C.
    3) 有些動(dòng)詞可以跟there +to be的結(jié)構(gòu)。例如:
    believe   expect   intend   like   love   mean
    prefer   want   wish understand      
    例如:
    We didn't expect there to be so many people there. 我們沒(méi)料到會(huì)有那么多人在那里。
    You wouldn‘t want there to be another war. 你不至于想讓另外一場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)發(fā)生吧。