英語講義【21】連接詞及其用法

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在英語詞類中,連接詞可說是最容易掌握的一種。
    從結構上說,英語連接詞分兩大類:并列連詞(coordinating conjunctions)和從屬連詞(subordinating conjunctions)。
    并列連詞連接兩個或兩個以上地位平等的字、詞組或分句。例如:(1) Air and water are indispensable to me.
    (2) She likes going out with friends or playing outdoor games.
    (3) Most workers have a good income, so they look very happy.
    從屬連詞連接兩個或兩個以上的分句,形成復雜句中的從屬分句。例如:
    (4) He said that he did not want to go .
    (5) Many things have happened since I last saw him.
    (6) You may come if you want to.
    上述連詞的用法,看起來不難,但錯誤也難免。下面是些好例子:
    (1) This book may be used both as a text as well as a reference book.
    這里的“as well as”和“both”不能搭配,應該將“as well ”改為“and”,使“both……and……”變成關聯(lián)連詞( correlative conjunction)
    (2) He not only speaks Mandarin but also English.
    這里的“not only”應該移到“speaks”后面,使這個動詞兼顧兩個等立賓語:“Mandarin”和“English”。
    (3) Although he is fat, but he is very weak.
    英語里的“although”和“but”是不見面的 ,因此這句里的“ but”要去掉,不然“although”就要出來。
    (4) Jim is not so strong like you.
    這里的“not so”必須和“as”連成一體;介詞“l(fā)ike”是不適宜的。
    (5) No sooner had we reached our destination, they left.
    "No sooner"必須和"than" 配成關聯(lián)連詞,把"than" 省掉是不對的,應該補上:
    No sooner had we reached our destination than they left.
    這句子的意思也可透過“as soon as”反映出來:
    “As soon as we reached our destination, they left.”
    (6) I took a taxi and which took me to the station.
    這里的并列連詞“and”是多余的,必須去掉。如果要保留“and ”也可,但是形容詞分句里的關系代詞“Which”要改成主語“it” ,使整個句子變成并列分句如下:
    I took a taxi and it took me to the station.
    (7) My friend came up to me and held my hand, said good-bye excitedly.
    這里的“and”應該用來連接最后兩個謂語才對:
    My friend came up to me, held my hand, and said good-bye excitedly.
    不然,就要把“said”改成“saying”。
    My friend came up to me and held my hand, saying good-bye excitedly.