英語講義【53】疊聲合成詞

字號(hào):

在英語合成詞中,有一種不是很普遍的,也較少人注意的,那就是疊聲合成詞(repetition compounds)。
    疊聲合成詞多數(shù)是名詞,也可轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞、動(dòng)詞或副詞,有三種形式:
    Ⅰ兩個(gè)字都相同,如:
    ● He pooh-poohed my idea.(輕視)
    ● It is a hush-hush report not to be made public.(秘密的)
    ● The boy said bye-bye to his parents.(再見)
    其他類似的疊聲合成詞有:
    clank-clank(鏈子聲), drip-drip(雨水聲), tap-tap(打字機(jī)的聲音), so so(馬馬虎虎), goody-goody(偽善的), fifty-fifty(各半的), pretty-pretty(打扮得很俗氣的), thump-thump(砰然聲), snip-snip(剪聲)等。
    Ⅱ第二字的元音和第一字的不同,如:
    ● Electric networks criss-cross the whole island.(交叉往來)
    ● The government dilly-dallied over lengthening the retirement age.(猶疑不決)
    ● The blinds flip-flopped in the wind.(飄搖、搖曳)
    ● The drunkard zig-zagged along the road.(彎彎曲曲地走)
    ● Most women like knick-knacks.(小裝飾品)
    ● Is it possible to get rid of the riff-raff of a society?(下等人)
    ● The graduating students had a pleasant sing-song in the garden.(歌唱會(huì))
    ● Do you like wishy-washy soup?(淡而無味的)
    Ⅲ第二字的輔音和第一字的不同,如:
    ● Barbarians in ancient times had to kow-tow to government officials.(叩頭)
    ● Some people are not used to the hub-bub of the city. (喧囂)
    ● I pity those who lead a humdrum life year in year out.(單調(diào)的)
    ● Willy-nilly, young people at the age of 18 must go for military training.(不管愿意或不愿意)
    ● Don't play hanky-panky with your friends.(陰謀詭計(jì))
    ● When rain suddenly came, the pedestrians ran helter-skelter.(狼狽地)
    ● Tom and his friends used to hob-nob in the bar.(共飲、親切地交談)
    ● The defeated soldiers retreated pell-mell.(混亂地)
    ● The market in the morning is usually filled with hurly-burly.(喧鬧)
    疊聲合成詞形象清新,但數(shù)量不多,用的范疇也較局限,通常都不在嚴(yán)肅或正式的場合出現(xiàn)。