英語(yǔ)講義【68】英語(yǔ)慣用語(yǔ)的簡(jiǎn)化

字號(hào):

語(yǔ)言是社會(huì)的產(chǎn)物。任何語(yǔ)言都在隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展而發(fā)展。其中一個(gè)突出的傾向,就是簡(jiǎn)化。例如英語(yǔ)有些慣用語(yǔ)中的小小成分就可以省略不用,趨向于較簡(jiǎn)單的形式。
    以下便是些慣用語(yǔ)某些成分可以被合法省略的例子:
    ⒈定冠詞 the 的省略,如:
    ● pull the strings→pull strings:通過人事用其影響力
    ● the long and the short of……→the long and short of……:總而言之
    ● if the worst comes to the worst→if worst comes to worst :大不了
    ● to go through the proper channels→to go through proper channels:通過正常渠道
    ⒉不定冠詞的省略,如:
    ● in a great measure→in great measure:在很大程度上
    ● at a breakneck speed→at breakneck speed:以驚險(xiǎn)速度
    ⒊名詞復(fù)數(shù)符號(hào)的省略,如:
    ● to rack one's brains→to rack one's brain:絞盡腦汁
    ● in the interests of……→in the interest of:為了……利益起見
    ⒋所有格代名詞的省略,如:
    ● to save one's face→to save face:保存面子
    ● to take one's leave of→to take leave:請(qǐng)假
    ⒌返身代詞的省略,如:
    ● to stand oneself aloof from→to stand aloof from:遠(yuǎn)離
    ● to adapt oneself to→to adapt to:適應(yīng)
    ⒍形容詞的省略,如:
    ● to make both ends meet→to make ends meet:收支平衡
    ● to take one's own life→to take one's life :犧牲自己
    ● to hit the right nail on the head→to hit the nail on the head:做對(duì)、答對(duì)
    ● at long last→at last:終于
    ⒎介詞的省略,如:
    ● to take to flight→to take flight:逃之夭夭
    ● at full length→full length:詳細(xì)地
    ⒏副詞的省略,如:
    ● to have too many irons in the fire→to have many irons in the fire:要做的事太多
    ● to put out to sea→to put to sea:?jiǎn)⒑?BR>    ⒐“As”及其他詞語(yǔ)的省略,如:
    ● as regular as clockwork→regular as clockwork:很準(zhǔn)時(shí)地
    ● as blind as a bat→blind as a bat:視力不良
    ● his word is as good as his bond→His word is his bond:重視諾言