在《混淆的動詞形態(tài)》一文里談到某些不規(guī)則動詞（irregular verbs）的混淆。每個學(xué)習(xí)英語的人都會在不同階段或多或少碰到不規(guī)則動詞所帶來的麻煩，特別是在形態(tài)拼寫方面。
不規(guī)則動詞里是不是雜亂無序的動詞呢？當(dāng)然不是；實際上是亂中有序、有條不紊的。
首先，不規(guī)則動詞是針對規(guī)則動詞而言。
大家知道，規(guī)則動詞（regular verbs）的過去式（the past form）和過去分詞（the past participle）都一樣的要加上“ -ed/-d”，如：
①a. Jason worked until five o'clock（過去式）
b. Have you worked late?（過去分詞）
②a. Xiao Lin decided to go abroad（過去式）
b. Has his wife decided to join him ?（過去分詞）
不規(guī)則動詞則不然；它們的過去式和過去分詞并不一致，學(xué)習(xí)時要集中精神，一一加以辨別，才可避免錯誤。
語法學(xué)家根據(jù)動詞“原形、過去式、過去分詞”三形式上的變化，把不規(guī)則動詞劃分為下列類別：
㈠三種形式都相同
第一類的包括下列這些常見動詞：
① cut-cut-cut ; ② hurt-hurt-hurt ; ③ put-put-put; ④ shut-shut-shut; ⑤ cost-cost-cost; ⑥burst-burst-burst; ⑦ hit-hit-hit; ⑧ cast-cast-cast; ⑨ set-set-set; ⑩ let-let-let.
例如：
⑴a. Don't go on blowing the balloon! It will burst.
b. One of his car tyres had a nail and it burst.
c. The dog has burst free and ran away.
㈡其中兩種形式相同
第二類可分為十一小類；下面是其中常見的四種：
① bind-bound-bound; find-found-found
② bring-brought-brought;
think-thought-thought
③ dig-dug-dug; strike-struck-struck
④ bend-bent-bent; build-built-built
例如：
⑵a. You have to bend your head when you bow.
b The mechanic bent the wire and broke it.
c. Here come the woman bent down with age.
㈢三種形式都不同
第三類可再分為八小類，如下：
① take-took-taken; shake-shook-shaken
② hide-hid-hidden; bite-bit-bitten
③ tear-tore-torn; bear-bore-born/ borne
④ choose-chose-chosen;
speak-spoke-spoken
⑤ know-knew-known; blow-blew-blown
⑥ write-wrote-written; drive-drove-driven
⑦ drink-drank-drunk; begin-began-begun
⑧ show-showed-showed/shown;
swell-swelled/swollen
例如：
⑶a. Can you write down your name?
b. I wrote it there, didn't I?
c. Have you written to John, who is now in New York?
上述例子證明不規(guī)則動詞的確比規(guī)則動詞麻煩得多。莫怪有人說，英語動詞是所有詞類中，最難應(yīng)付的一種。這話很中肯，毫不夸張。幸好，不規(guī)則動詞也有跡可尋；就讓我們“步步追蹤”吧！
不規(guī)則動詞里是不是雜亂無序的動詞呢？當(dāng)然不是；實際上是亂中有序、有條不紊的。
首先，不規(guī)則動詞是針對規(guī)則動詞而言。
大家知道，規(guī)則動詞（regular verbs）的過去式（the past form）和過去分詞（the past participle）都一樣的要加上“ -ed/-d”，如：
①a. Jason worked until five o'clock（過去式）
b. Have you worked late?（過去分詞）
②a. Xiao Lin decided to go abroad（過去式）
b. Has his wife decided to join him ?（過去分詞）
不規(guī)則動詞則不然；它們的過去式和過去分詞并不一致，學(xué)習(xí)時要集中精神，一一加以辨別，才可避免錯誤。
語法學(xué)家根據(jù)動詞“原形、過去式、過去分詞”三形式上的變化，把不規(guī)則動詞劃分為下列類別：
㈠三種形式都相同
第一類的包括下列這些常見動詞：
① cut-cut-cut ; ② hurt-hurt-hurt ; ③ put-put-put; ④ shut-shut-shut; ⑤ cost-cost-cost; ⑥burst-burst-burst; ⑦ hit-hit-hit; ⑧ cast-cast-cast; ⑨ set-set-set; ⑩ let-let-let.
例如：
⑴a. Don't go on blowing the balloon! It will burst.
b. One of his car tyres had a nail and it burst.
c. The dog has burst free and ran away.
㈡其中兩種形式相同
第二類可分為十一小類；下面是其中常見的四種：
① bind-bound-bound; find-found-found
② bring-brought-brought;
think-thought-thought
③ dig-dug-dug; strike-struck-struck
④ bend-bent-bent; build-built-built
例如：
⑵a. You have to bend your head when you bow.
b The mechanic bent the wire and broke it.
c. Here come the woman bent down with age.
㈢三種形式都不同
第三類可再分為八小類，如下：
① take-took-taken; shake-shook-shaken
② hide-hid-hidden; bite-bit-bitten
③ tear-tore-torn; bear-bore-born/ borne
④ choose-chose-chosen;
speak-spoke-spoken
⑤ know-knew-known; blow-blew-blown
⑥ write-wrote-written; drive-drove-driven
⑦ drink-drank-drunk; begin-began-begun
⑧ show-showed-showed/shown;
swell-swelled/swollen
例如：
⑶a. Can you write down your name?
b. I wrote it there, didn't I?
c. Have you written to John, who is now in New York?
上述例子證明不規(guī)則動詞的確比規(guī)則動詞麻煩得多。莫怪有人說，英語動詞是所有詞類中，最難應(yīng)付的一種。這話很中肯，毫不夸張。幸好，不規(guī)則動詞也有跡可尋；就讓我們“步步追蹤”吧！