96年4月section 3
1.【正確答案】B
【中文釋義】
據(jù)稱，科學(xué)家們會(huì)避免作出欺騙性的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果的宣告，因?yàn)榇嬖谶@種可能，當(dāng)其他的研究者們不能復(fù)制他的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果時(shí)，他們就會(huì)被揭露出來。
【解題分析】 這一句的基本含義在No.8第三套section 1的第三題就有過重復(fù)，在92年的考卷中也重復(fù)了。科學(xué)家們r(jià)eplicate或是duplicate相互的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果就是為了檢驗(yàn)結(jié)果的真?zhèn)?，原句中?be exposed顯然是由cannot duplicate their findings所導(dǎo)致的。
【重點(diǎn)詞條】
fraudulent characterized by, based on, or done by fraud: deceitful —— fraud.u.lent.ly adv —— fraud.u.lent.ness n
radical 1: of, relating to, or proceeding from a root: as a (1): of or growing from the root of a plant <~ tubers> (2): growing from the base of a stem, from a rootlike stem, or from a stem that does not rise above the ground <~ leaves> b: of, relating to, or constituting a linguistic root c: of or relating to a mathematical root d: designed to remove the root of a disease or all diseased tissue <~ surgery> 2: of or relating to the origin: fundamental 3 a: marked by a considerable departure from the usual or traditional: extreme b: tending or disposed to make extreme changes in existing views, habits, conditions, or institutions c: of, relating to, or constituting a political group associated with views, practices, and policies of extreme change d: advocating extreme measures to retain or restore a political state of affairs 4 slang: excellent, cool —— rad.i.cal.ness n 2radical n (1641) 1 a: a root part b: a basic principle: foundation 2 a: root 6 b: a sound or letter belonging to a radical 3: one who is radical 4: free radical; also: a group of atoms bonded together that is considered an entity in various kinds of reactions 5 a: a mathematical expression indicating a root by means of a radical sign b: radical sign
extravagant 1 a obs: strange, curious b archaic: wandering 2 a: exceeding the limits of reason or necessity <~ claims> b: lacking in moderation, balance, and restraint <~ praise> c: extremely or excessively elaborate 3 a: spending much more than necessary b: profuse, lavish 4: unreasonably high in price syn see excessive —— ex.trav.a.gant.ly adv
2.【正確答案】C
【中文釋義】
通過戶挨戶地居住在一塊未分開的土地上，核心家庭被包含在了一個(gè)更大的親戚群當(dāng)中，這就使得共同相處及與親戚處理好關(guān)系的壓力非常強(qiáng)大。
【解題分析】 第二個(gè)空格處于and的小連接當(dāng)中，and之后表示與別人共處，所以and前同樣應(yīng)有這方面的含義。五個(gè)選項(xiàng)中能表示出與別人處好關(guān)系的詞只有一個(gè)答案C。
【重點(diǎn)詞條】
shave 1 a: to remove a thin layer from b: to cut off in thin layers or shreds: slice c: to cut off closely 2 a: to sever the hair from (the head or another part of the body) close to the roots b: to cut off (hair or beard) close to the skin 3 a: to discount (a note) at an exorbitant rate b: deduct, reduce 4: to come close to or touch lightly in passing ~ vi 1: to cut off hair or beard close to the skin 2: to proceed with difficulty: scrape 2shave n (bef. 12c) 1: shaver 3 2: a thin slice: shaving 3: an act or process of shaving
embed 1 a: to enclose closely in or as if in a matrix b: to make something an integral part of c: to prepare (a microscopy specimen) for sectioning by infiltrating with and enclosing in a supporting substance 2: to surround closely ~ vi: to become embedded —— em.bed.ment n
3.【正確答案】B
【中文釋義】
和吸氣所需要的大量肌肉活動(dòng)相比，呼氣通常是一個(gè)消極被動(dòng)的過程。
【解題分析】前后對立面轉(zhuǎn)折，所以下文的呼氣應(yīng)該不需要肌肉的活動(dòng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)了不需要自身肌肉參與的形容詞為B，盡管有人感覺A也可以，但實(shí)際上，如果下文要強(qiáng)調(diào)呼氣是個(gè)緩慢的過程，則和下文相對比的應(yīng)該是大量肌肉活動(dòng)就造成了吸氣很快，而上文強(qiáng)調(diào)的是肌肉的參與，所以下文應(yīng)對稱地強(qiáng)調(diào)肌肉不參與。這樣答案只有可能是B。
【重點(diǎn)詞條】
substantial 1 a: consisting of or relating to substance b: not imaginary or illusory: real, true c: important, essential 2: ample to satisfy and nourish: full 3 a: possessed of means: well-to-do b: considerable in quantity: significantly great 4: firmly constructed: sturdy 5: being largely but not wholly that which is specified —— substantial n —— sub.stan.ti.al.i.ty n —— sub.stan.tial.ly adv —— sub.stan.tial.ness n
4.【正確答案】C
【中文釋義】
關(guān)于高中生活的紀(jì)錄片是如此的真實(shí)和勾人心弦，以至于懷舊的情緒淹沒了大學(xué)年齡的觀眾。
【解題分析】 so…that…結(jié)構(gòu)的結(jié)果是大學(xué)年齡的觀眾被激發(fā)出了懷舊的情緒，所以可得答案C，答案B的pitiful的含義是“令人同情的”，如果選B，那么結(jié)果就應(yīng)該是產(chǎn)生同情心，而原文中是產(chǎn)生了懷舊的情緒，所以B并不正確。
【重點(diǎn)詞條】
pitiful 1 archaic: full of pity: compassionate 2 a: deserving or arousing pity or commiseration b: exciting pitying contempt (as by meanness or inadequacy) —— piti.ful.ly adv —— piti.ful.ness n
evocative evoking or tending to evoke an esp. emotional response —— evoc.a.tive.ly adv —— evoc.a.tive.ness n
clinical 1: of, relating to, or conducted in or as if in a clinic: as a: involving direct observation of the patient b: diagnosable by or based on clinical observation 2: analytical or coolly dispassionate —— clin.i.cal.ly adv
5.【正確答案】C
【中文釋義】
盡管喬治·奧凱夫以他對沙漠風(fēng)光的熟悉為有名，但他的城市主題作品證實(shí)了他長期居住在紐約。
【解題分析】 前后轉(zhuǎn)折，上句是對沙漠的熟悉，所以下句應(yīng)該肯定他在紐約的居住，這樣就構(gòu)成了“盡管住在大都市，卻對沙漠風(fēng)光很熟悉”這樣的轉(zhuǎn)折句。
【重點(diǎn)詞條】
obfuscate 1 a: darken b: to make obscure 2: confuse —— ob.fus.ca.tion n —— ob.fus.ca.to.ry adj
attest 1 a: to affirm to be true or genuine; specif: to authenticate by signing as a witness b: to authenticate officially 2: to establish or verify the usage of 3: to be proof of: manifest 4: to put on oath ~ vi: to bear witness: testify <~ to a belief> syn see certify —— at.tes.ta.tion n —— at.test.er n
contend 1: to strive or vie in contest or rivalry or against difficulties: struggle 2: to strive in debate: argue ~ vt 1: maintain, assert <~ed that he was right> 2: to struggle for: contest
6.【正確答案】C
【中文釋義】
盡管這個(gè)研究被定性為交叉課程，它實(shí)際上并沒有對課題的綜合。
【解題分析】 前后轉(zhuǎn)折，后文應(yīng)該否定disciplinary這個(gè)詞。
【重點(diǎn)詞條】
encapsulate 1: to enclose in or as if in a capsule 2: epitomize, summarize <~ an era in an aphorism> ~ vi: to become encapsulated —— en.cap.su.la.tion n
designate 1: to indicate and set apart for a specific purpose, office, or duty <~ a group to prepare a plan> 2 a: to point out the location of b: to distinguish as to class c: specify, stipulate 3: denote 4: to call by a distinctive title, term, or expression —— des.ig.na.tive adj —— des.ig.na.tor n —— des.ig.na.to.ry adj
7.【正確答案】C
【中文釋義】
很多精神治療醫(yī)生不能利用前沿的研究結(jié)果，這可能應(yīng)歸因于這些發(fā)現(xiàn)結(jié)果過于專業(yè)化的性質(zhì)：即使是重要的發(fā)現(xiàn)結(jié)果也可能是沒有用的。
【解題分析】 冒號后表示重復(fù)，冒號后表達(dá)出這些結(jié)果沒有用，而第一個(gè)空格要求填上治療醫(yī)生對這些結(jié)果沒有做什么動(dòng)作，事實(shí)上這些結(jié)果沒有用當(dāng)然就是指這些結(jié)果沒有被治療專家們要上，所以第一空格直接填使用就可以了。
【重點(diǎn)詞條】
baffling 1: to defeat or check (as a person) by confusing or puzzling: disconcert 2: to check or break the force or flow of by or as if by a baffle syn see frustrate —— baf.fle.ment n —— baf.fler n —— baf.fling.ly adv 2baffle n (ca. 1900): a device (as a plate, wall, or screen) to deflect, check, or regulate flow (as of a fluid, light, or sound) —— baf.fled adj
envision to picture to oneself <~s a career dedicated to promoting peace> syn see think
accessible_ 1: providing access 2 a: capable of being reached <~ by rail>; also: being within reach b: easy to speak or deal with <~ people> 3: capable of being influenced: open 4: capable of being used or seen: available 5: capable of being understood or appreciated —— ac.ces.si.bil.i.ty n —— ac.ces.si.ble.ness n —— ac.ces.si.bly adv
96年4月Section 7
1.【正確答案】E
【中文釋義】在十九世紀(jì),小說家和沒有同情心的旅行者將美國西部描繪成一塊永遠(yuǎn)多災(zāi)多難的土地,而開發(fā)商和理想主義者們卻創(chuàng)造出了極為吸引人的具有無窮無盡希望的土地的形象。
【解題分析】上下句分別是兩種截然不同的人，所以盡管whereas不能表達(dá)對立面轉(zhuǎn)折，但這兩種相反的人都顯然提示我們應(yīng)挑選反義詞，下句支持美國西部，認(rèn)為其是一個(gè)充滿無窮希望的土地，所以上句應(yīng)為一個(gè)對等的反義詞，即無窮災(zāi)難的土地。所以正確答案選E。
【重點(diǎn)詞條】unremitting not remitting: constant, incessant —— un.re.mit.ting.ly adv
identical 1: being the same: selfsame 2: having such close resemblance as to be essentially the same <~ hats>——often used with to or with 3 a: having the same cause or origin <~ infections> b: monozygotic syn see same —— iden.ti.cal.ly adv —— iden.ti.cal.ness n
compelling 1: to drive or urge forcefully or irresistibly 2: to cause to do or occur by overwhelming pressure 3 archaic: to drive together syn see force —— com.pel.la.ble adj
underplay 1: to act or present (as a role or a scene) with restraint: play down 2: to play a card lower than (a held high card)
downplay play down, de-emphasize
2.【正確答案】E
【中文釋義】蜜蜂比土蜂更有群居性：和后者不一樣的是，前者一起尋找食物并且將它們個(gè)人的發(fā)現(xiàn)發(fā)信號給另外一個(gè)蜜蜂。
【解題分析】冒號后表示重復(fù)解釋，后文的together等詞匯顯然是一再提示蜜蜂的群居性格。
【重點(diǎn)詞條】insular 1 a: of, relating to, or constituting an island b: dwelling or situated on an island <~ residents> 2: characteristic of an isolated people; esp: being, having, or reflecting a narrow provincial viewpoint 3: of or relating to an island of cells or tissue —— in.su.lar.ism n —— in.su.lar.i.ty n —— in.su.lar.ly adv
social 1: involving allies or confederates 2 a: marked by or passed in pleasant companionship with one's friends or associates b: sociable c: of, relating to, or designed for sociability 3: of or relating to human society, the interaction of the individual and the group, or the welfare of human beings as members of society <~ institutions> 4 a: tending to form cooperative and interdependent relationships with others of one's kind: gregarious b: living and breeding in more or less organized communities <~ insects> c of a plant: tending to grow in groups or masses so as to form a pure stand 5 a: of, relating to, or based on rank or status in a particular society b: of, relating to, or characteristic of the upper classes c: formal 2social n (1870): sociable
3.【正確答案】A
【中文釋義】 喬以完全相同的力度談及膚淺瑣碎和生死攸關(guān)的事件，好象對他而言嚴(yán)重的問題和瑣碎的問題沒有什么區(qū)別。
【解題分析】請注意這一句的比較結(jié)構(gòu)。上句用to the same degree 來表示同級比較，下句用mattered neither more or less than 來表示同級比較，所以就表現(xiàn)出了兩套比較結(jié)構(gòu)這種基本題型。此時(shí)比較雙方不應(yīng)發(fā)生變化，故第一個(gè)空格應(yīng)填下文出現(xiàn)過的serious issues，第二個(gè)空格應(yīng)填上文的superfluous。
【重點(diǎn)詞條】 superficiality 1: the quality or state of being superficial 2: something superficial
humdrum monotonous, dull —— humdrum n
4.【正確答案】B
【中文釋義】戴維斯的社會(huì)學(xué)研究的價(jià)值被地毫無顧忌地挑選材料的做法破壞了，他之所以這樣做是為了證實(shí)自己的觀點(diǎn)，同時(shí)忽略那些指向別的結(jié)論的事實(shí)。
【解題分析】while的前后為對比關(guān)系，通常我們又會(huì)主動(dòng)地在while前后找反義詞，這樣就可以將不明確的對比關(guān)系進(jìn)一步深化為對立面轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，此句的 while前后出現(xiàn)了一組反義詞，his own claims和other possible conclusions。所以解題思路頓時(shí)就明快了，while 之前是use了那些支持his own claims 的材料，那么while之后就應(yīng)該不使用那些支持other possible conclusions 的材料，所以第二個(gè)空格應(yīng)與use反義，可得答案B。
【重點(diǎn)詞條】unscrupulous not scrupulous: unprincipled —— un.scru.pu.lous.ly adv —— un.scru.pu.lous.ness n
deploy 1 a: to extend (a military unit) esp. in width b: to place in battle formation or appropriate positions 2: to spread out, utilize, or arrange esp. strategically ~ vi: to move in being deployed —— de.ploy.able adj —— de.ploy.ment n
5.【正確答案】E
【中文釋義】一旦文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期的畫家們學(xué)會(huì)了如何表現(xiàn)深度和體積，他們就能夠用更加真實(shí)可信的三維空間的圖像來代替中世紀(jì)的象征的，二維空間的約定俗成的表現(xiàn)方法。
【解題分析】主句的動(dòng)詞為replace A with B，顯然A和B應(yīng)該是反義詞，故第二個(gè)空格應(yīng)與symbolic構(gòu)成反義詞，事實(shí)上two-dimensional space已經(jīng)與actual space構(gòu)成了一個(gè)明顯的反義，與symbolic構(gòu)成反義的有C和E兩個(gè)答案，C答案導(dǎo)致前后文矛盾。
【重點(diǎn)詞條】render 1 a: to melt down <~ suet>; also: to extract by melting <~ lard> b: to treat so as to convert into industrial fats and oils or fertilizer 2 a: to transmit to another: deliver b: give up, yield c: to furnish for consideration, approval, or information: as (1): to hand down (a legal judgment) (2): to agree on and report (a verdict) 3 a: to give in return or retribution b (1): give back, restore (2): reflect, echo c: to give in acknowledgment of dependence or obligation: pay d: to do (a service) for another 4 a (1): to cause to be or become: make <~ed him helpless> (2): impart b (1): to reproduce or represent by artistic or verbal means: depict (2): to give a performance of (3): to produce a copy or version of (4): to execute the motions of <~ a salute> c: translate 5: to direct the execution of: administer <~ justice> 6: to apply a coat of plaster or cement directly to ~ vi: to give recompense —— ren.der.able adj —— ren.der.er n 2render n (1647): a return esp. in goods or services due from a feudal tenant to his lord
convention 1 a: agreement, contract b: an agreement between states for regulation of matters affecting all of them c: a compact between opposing commanders esp. concerning prisoner exchange or armistice d: a general agreement about basic principles or procedures; also: a principle or procedure accepted as true or correct by convention 2 a: the summoning or convening of an assembly b: an assembly of persons met for a common purpose; esp: a meeting of the delegates of a political party for the purpose of formulating a platform and selecting candidates for office c: the usu. state or national organization of a religious denomination 3 a: usage or custom esp. in social matters b: a rule of conduct or behavior c: a practice in bidding or playing that conveys information between partners in a card game (as bridge) d: an established technique, practice, or device (as in literature or the theater)
adumbrate 1: to foreshadow vaguely: intimate 2 a: to give a sketchy representation or outline of b: to suggest or disclose partially 3: overshadow, obscure —— ad.um.bra.tion n —— ad.um.bra.tive adj —— ad.um.bra.tive.ly adv
6.【正確答案】E
【中文釋義】他滿以為自己會(huì)因?yàn)楦婷芏艿礁屑?，但?shí)際上他遇到了的是近似于敵意的冷漠。
【解題分析】由but instead可以得出結(jié)論空格與gratitude 構(gòu)成反義詞；或者空格后的分隔結(jié)構(gòu)同樣構(gòu)成一個(gè)解題方法，(bordering)與敵意態(tài)度接近的當(dāng)然是答案E的difference。
【重點(diǎn)詞條】border 1: an outer part or edge 2: an ornamental design at the edge of a fabric or rug 3: a narrow bed of planted ground along the edge of a garden or walk 4: boundary 5: a plain or decorative margin around printed matter —— bor.dered adj 2border vb bor.dered ; bor.der.ing vt (14c) 1: to put a border on 2: to touch at the edge or boundary: bound <~s the city on the south> ~ vi 1: to lie on the border 2: to approach the nature of a specified thing: verge <~s on the ridiculous> —— bor.der.er n
openness 1: having no enclosing or confining barrier: accessible on all or nearly all sides 2 a (1): being in a position or adjustment to permit passage: not shut or locked (2): having a barrier (as a door) so adjusted as to allow passage b: having the lips parted c: not buttoned or zipped 3 a: completely free from concealment: exposed to general view or knowledge b: exposed or vulnerable to attack or question: subject <~ to doubt> 4 a: not covered with a top, roof, or lid b: having no protective covering <~ wiring> 5: not restricted to a particular group or category of participants <~ to the public> <~ housing>: as a: enterable by both amateur and professional contestants b: enterable by a registered voter regardless of political affiliation 6: fit to be traveled over: presenting no obstacle to passage or view <~ country> 7: having the parts or surfaces laid out in an expanded position: spread out: unfolded 8 a (1): low 13 (2): formed with the tongue in a lower position b (1): having clarity and resonance unimpaired by undue tension or constriction of the throat (2) of a tone: produced by an open string or on a wind instrument by the lip without the use of slides, valves, or keys 9 a: available to follow or make use of b: not taken up with duties or engagements c: not finally decided: subject to further consideration d: available for a qualified applicant: vacant e: remaining available for use or filling until canceled f: available for future purchase 10 a: characterized by ready accessibility and usu. generous attitude: as (1): generous in giving (2): willing to hear and consider or to accept and deal with: responsive (3): free from reserve or pretense: frank b: accessible to the influx of new factors (as foreign goods) 11 a: having openings, interruptions, or spaces: as (1): being porous and friable <~ soil> (2): sparsely distributed: scattered <~ population> (3) of a compound: having components separated by a space in writing or printing (as opaque pr adv —— open.ly adv —— open.ness n 2open vb opened ; open.ing vt (bef. 12c) 1 a: to move (as a door) from a closed position b: to make available for entry or passage by turning back (as a barrier) or removing (as a cover or an obstruction) 2 a: to make available for or active in a regular function <~ a new store> b: to make accessible for a particular purpose <~ed new land for settlement> <~ the way for changes> c: to initiate access to (a computer file) prior to use 3 a: to disclose or expose to view: reveal b: to make more discerning or responsive: enlighten c: to bring into view or come in sight of by changing position 4 a: to make an opening in <~ed the boil> b: to loosen and make less compact <~ the soil> 5: to spread out: unfold <~ed the book> 6 a: to enter upon: begin <~ed the meeting> b: to commence action in a card game by making (a first bid), putting a first bet in (the pot), or playing (a card or suit) as first lead 7: to restore or recall (as an order) from a finally determined state to a state in which the parties are free to prosecute or oppose ~ vi 1: to become open 2 a: to spread out: expand b: to become disclosed 3: to become enlightened or responsive 4: to give access 5: speak out 2 6 a: to begin a course or activity b: to make a bet, bid, or lead in commencing a round or hand of a card game —— open.abil.i.ty n —— open.able adj 3open n (13c) 1: opening 2: open and unobstructed space: as a: open air b: open water 3: an open contest, competition, or tournament 4: a public or unconcealed state or position
7．【正確答案】C
【中文釋義】這位外交官，因?yàn)樗谔幚磉@種精微的談判所表現(xiàn)出的耐心和技巧而被選拔出來，在談判中拒絕做出任何決策，因?yàn)樵谀菚r(shí)候任何突然的都是不恰當(dāng)?shù)摹?BR> 【解題分析】這位外交官的特征性格已經(jīng)在her demonstrated patience and skill中充分表現(xiàn)出來，對于一個(gè)有足夠耐心的人而言sudden committen 當(dāng)然是一個(gè)不好的做法，所以第二空格可以選A、C、D，再根據(jù)because 的因果關(guān)系可得答案C。
【重點(diǎn)詞條】decline 1 archaic: to turn from a straight course: stray 2 a: to slope downward: descend b: to bend down: droop c: to stoop to what is unworthy 3 a of a celestial body: to sink toward setting b: to draw toward a close: wane 4: to tend toward an inferior state or weaker condition 5: to withhold consent 6: to become less in amount ~ vt 1: to give in prescribed order the grammatical forms of (a noun, pronoun, or adjective) 2 obs a: avert b: avoid 3: to cause to bend or bow downward 4 a: to refuse to undertake, undergo, engage in, or comply with b: to refuse esp. courteously <~ an invitation> —— de.clin.able adj —— de.clin.er n
syn decline, refuse, reject, repudiate, spurn mean to turn away by not accepting, receiving, or considering. decline often implies courteous refusal esp. of offers or invitations . refuse suggests more positiveness or ungraciousness and often implies the denial of something asked for . reject implies a peremptory refusal by sending away or discarding . repudiate implies a casting off or disowning as untrue, unauthorized, or unworthy of acceptance . spurn stresses contempt or disdain in rejection or repudiation . 2decline n (14c) 1: the process of declining: a: a gradual physical or mental sinking and wasting away b: a change to a lower state or level 2: the period during which something is deteriorating or approaching its end 3: a downward slope: declivity 4: a wasting disease; esp: pulmonary tuberculosis syn see deterioration
unconscionable 1: not guided or controlled by conscience: unscrupulous 2 a: excessive, unreasonable b: shockingly unfair or unjust <~ sales practices> —— un.con.scio.na.bil.i.ty n —— un.con.scio.na.ble.ness n —— un.con.scio.na.bly adv
1.【正確答案】B
【中文釋義】
據(jù)稱，科學(xué)家們會(huì)避免作出欺騙性的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果的宣告，因?yàn)榇嬖谶@種可能，當(dāng)其他的研究者們不能復(fù)制他的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果時(shí)，他們就會(huì)被揭露出來。
【解題分析】 這一句的基本含義在No.8第三套section 1的第三題就有過重復(fù)，在92年的考卷中也重復(fù)了。科學(xué)家們r(jià)eplicate或是duplicate相互的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果就是為了檢驗(yàn)結(jié)果的真?zhèn)?，原句中?be exposed顯然是由cannot duplicate their findings所導(dǎo)致的。
【重點(diǎn)詞條】
fraudulent characterized by, based on, or done by fraud: deceitful —— fraud.u.lent.ly adv —— fraud.u.lent.ness n
radical 1: of, relating to, or proceeding from a root: as a (1): of or growing from the root of a plant <~ tubers> (2): growing from the base of a stem, from a rootlike stem, or from a stem that does not rise above the ground <~ leaves> b: of, relating to, or constituting a linguistic root c: of or relating to a mathematical root d: designed to remove the root of a disease or all diseased tissue <~ surgery> 2: of or relating to the origin: fundamental 3 a: marked by a considerable departure from the usual or traditional: extreme b: tending or disposed to make extreme changes in existing views, habits, conditions, or institutions c: of, relating to, or constituting a political group associated with views, practices, and policies of extreme change d: advocating extreme measures to retain or restore a political state of affairs 4 slang: excellent, cool —— rad.i.cal.ness n 2radical n (1641) 1 a: a root part b: a basic principle: foundation 2 a: root 6 b: a sound or letter belonging to a radical 3: one who is radical 4: free radical; also: a group of atoms bonded together that is considered an entity in various kinds of reactions 5 a: a mathematical expression indicating a root by means of a radical sign b: radical sign
extravagant 1 a obs: strange, curious b archaic: wandering 2 a: exceeding the limits of reason or necessity <~ claims> b: lacking in moderation, balance, and restraint <~ praise> c: extremely or excessively elaborate 3 a: spending much more than necessary b: profuse, lavish 4: unreasonably high in price syn see excessive —— ex.trav.a.gant.ly adv
2.【正確答案】C
【中文釋義】
通過戶挨戶地居住在一塊未分開的土地上，核心家庭被包含在了一個(gè)更大的親戚群當(dāng)中，這就使得共同相處及與親戚處理好關(guān)系的壓力非常強(qiáng)大。
【解題分析】 第二個(gè)空格處于and的小連接當(dāng)中，and之后表示與別人共處，所以and前同樣應(yīng)有這方面的含義。五個(gè)選項(xiàng)中能表示出與別人處好關(guān)系的詞只有一個(gè)答案C。
【重點(diǎn)詞條】
shave 1 a: to remove a thin layer from b: to cut off in thin layers or shreds: slice c: to cut off closely 2 a: to sever the hair from (the head or another part of the body) close to the roots b: to cut off (hair or beard) close to the skin 3 a: to discount (a note) at an exorbitant rate b: deduct, reduce 4: to come close to or touch lightly in passing ~ vi 1: to cut off hair or beard close to the skin 2: to proceed with difficulty: scrape 2shave n (bef. 12c) 1: shaver 3 2: a thin slice: shaving 3: an act or process of shaving
embed 1 a: to enclose closely in or as if in a matrix b: to make something an integral part of c: to prepare (a microscopy specimen) for sectioning by infiltrating with and enclosing in a supporting substance 2: to surround closely ~ vi: to become embedded —— em.bed.ment n
3.【正確答案】B
【中文釋義】
和吸氣所需要的大量肌肉活動(dòng)相比，呼氣通常是一個(gè)消極被動(dòng)的過程。
【解題分析】前后對立面轉(zhuǎn)折，所以下文的呼氣應(yīng)該不需要肌肉的活動(dòng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)了不需要自身肌肉參與的形容詞為B，盡管有人感覺A也可以，但實(shí)際上，如果下文要強(qiáng)調(diào)呼氣是個(gè)緩慢的過程，則和下文相對比的應(yīng)該是大量肌肉活動(dòng)就造成了吸氣很快，而上文強(qiáng)調(diào)的是肌肉的參與，所以下文應(yīng)對稱地強(qiáng)調(diào)肌肉不參與。這樣答案只有可能是B。
【重點(diǎn)詞條】
substantial 1 a: consisting of or relating to substance b: not imaginary or illusory: real, true c: important, essential 2: ample to satisfy and nourish: full 3 a: possessed of means: well-to-do b: considerable in quantity: significantly great 4: firmly constructed: sturdy 5: being largely but not wholly that which is specified —— substantial n —— sub.stan.ti.al.i.ty n —— sub.stan.tial.ly adv —— sub.stan.tial.ness n
4.【正確答案】C
【中文釋義】
關(guān)于高中生活的紀(jì)錄片是如此的真實(shí)和勾人心弦，以至于懷舊的情緒淹沒了大學(xué)年齡的觀眾。
【解題分析】 so…that…結(jié)構(gòu)的結(jié)果是大學(xué)年齡的觀眾被激發(fā)出了懷舊的情緒，所以可得答案C，答案B的pitiful的含義是“令人同情的”，如果選B，那么結(jié)果就應(yīng)該是產(chǎn)生同情心，而原文中是產(chǎn)生了懷舊的情緒，所以B并不正確。
【重點(diǎn)詞條】
pitiful 1 archaic: full of pity: compassionate 2 a: deserving or arousing pity or commiseration b: exciting pitying contempt (as by meanness or inadequacy) —— piti.ful.ly adv —— piti.ful.ness n
evocative evoking or tending to evoke an esp. emotional response —— evoc.a.tive.ly adv —— evoc.a.tive.ness n
clinical 1: of, relating to, or conducted in or as if in a clinic: as a: involving direct observation of the patient b: diagnosable by or based on clinical observation 2: analytical or coolly dispassionate —— clin.i.cal.ly adv
5.【正確答案】C
【中文釋義】
盡管喬治·奧凱夫以他對沙漠風(fēng)光的熟悉為有名，但他的城市主題作品證實(shí)了他長期居住在紐約。
【解題分析】 前后轉(zhuǎn)折，上句是對沙漠的熟悉，所以下句應(yīng)該肯定他在紐約的居住，這樣就構(gòu)成了“盡管住在大都市，卻對沙漠風(fēng)光很熟悉”這樣的轉(zhuǎn)折句。
【重點(diǎn)詞條】
obfuscate 1 a: darken b: to make obscure 2: confuse —— ob.fus.ca.tion n —— ob.fus.ca.to.ry adj
attest 1 a: to affirm to be true or genuine; specif: to authenticate by signing as a witness b: to authenticate officially 2: to establish or verify the usage of 3: to be proof of: manifest 4: to put on oath ~ vi: to bear witness: testify <~ to a belief> syn see certify —— at.tes.ta.tion n —— at.test.er n
contend 1: to strive or vie in contest or rivalry or against difficulties: struggle 2: to strive in debate: argue ~ vt 1: maintain, assert <~ed that he was right> 2: to struggle for: contest
6.【正確答案】C
【中文釋義】
盡管這個(gè)研究被定性為交叉課程，它實(shí)際上并沒有對課題的綜合。
【解題分析】 前后轉(zhuǎn)折，后文應(yīng)該否定disciplinary這個(gè)詞。
【重點(diǎn)詞條】
encapsulate 1: to enclose in or as if in a capsule 2: epitomize, summarize <~ an era in an aphorism> ~ vi: to become encapsulated —— en.cap.su.la.tion n
designate 1: to indicate and set apart for a specific purpose, office, or duty <~ a group to prepare a plan> 2 a: to point out the location of b: to distinguish as to class c: specify, stipulate 3: denote 4: to call by a distinctive title, term, or expression —— des.ig.na.tive adj —— des.ig.na.tor n —— des.ig.na.to.ry adj
7.【正確答案】C
【中文釋義】
很多精神治療醫(yī)生不能利用前沿的研究結(jié)果，這可能應(yīng)歸因于這些發(fā)現(xiàn)結(jié)果過于專業(yè)化的性質(zhì)：即使是重要的發(fā)現(xiàn)結(jié)果也可能是沒有用的。
【解題分析】 冒號后表示重復(fù)，冒號后表達(dá)出這些結(jié)果沒有用，而第一個(gè)空格要求填上治療醫(yī)生對這些結(jié)果沒有做什么動(dòng)作，事實(shí)上這些結(jié)果沒有用當(dāng)然就是指這些結(jié)果沒有被治療專家們要上，所以第一空格直接填使用就可以了。
【重點(diǎn)詞條】
baffling 1: to defeat or check (as a person) by confusing or puzzling: disconcert 2: to check or break the force or flow of by or as if by a baffle syn see frustrate —— baf.fle.ment n —— baf.fler n —— baf.fling.ly adv 2baffle n (ca. 1900): a device (as a plate, wall, or screen) to deflect, check, or regulate flow (as of a fluid, light, or sound) —— baf.fled adj
envision to picture to oneself <~s a career dedicated to promoting peace> syn see think
accessible_ 1: providing access 2 a: capable of being reached <~ by rail>; also: being within reach b: easy to speak or deal with <~ people> 3: capable of being influenced: open 4: capable of being used or seen: available 5: capable of being understood or appreciated —— ac.ces.si.bil.i.ty n —— ac.ces.si.ble.ness n —— ac.ces.si.bly adv
96年4月Section 7
1.【正確答案】E
【中文釋義】在十九世紀(jì),小說家和沒有同情心的旅行者將美國西部描繪成一塊永遠(yuǎn)多災(zāi)多難的土地,而開發(fā)商和理想主義者們卻創(chuàng)造出了極為吸引人的具有無窮無盡希望的土地的形象。
【解題分析】上下句分別是兩種截然不同的人，所以盡管whereas不能表達(dá)對立面轉(zhuǎn)折，但這兩種相反的人都顯然提示我們應(yīng)挑選反義詞，下句支持美國西部，認(rèn)為其是一個(gè)充滿無窮希望的土地，所以上句應(yīng)為一個(gè)對等的反義詞，即無窮災(zāi)難的土地。所以正確答案選E。
【重點(diǎn)詞條】unremitting not remitting: constant, incessant —— un.re.mit.ting.ly adv
identical 1: being the same: selfsame 2: having such close resemblance as to be essentially the same <~ hats>——often used with to or with 3 a: having the same cause or origin <~ infections> b: monozygotic syn see same —— iden.ti.cal.ly adv —— iden.ti.cal.ness n
compelling 1: to drive or urge forcefully or irresistibly 2: to cause to do or occur by overwhelming pressure 3 archaic: to drive together syn see force —— com.pel.la.ble adj
underplay 1: to act or present (as a role or a scene) with restraint: play down 2: to play a card lower than (a held high card)
downplay play down, de-emphasize
2.【正確答案】E
【中文釋義】蜜蜂比土蜂更有群居性：和后者不一樣的是，前者一起尋找食物并且將它們個(gè)人的發(fā)現(xiàn)發(fā)信號給另外一個(gè)蜜蜂。
【解題分析】冒號后表示重復(fù)解釋，后文的together等詞匯顯然是一再提示蜜蜂的群居性格。
【重點(diǎn)詞條】insular 1 a: of, relating to, or constituting an island b: dwelling or situated on an island <~ residents> 2: characteristic of an isolated people; esp: being, having, or reflecting a narrow provincial viewpoint 3: of or relating to an island of cells or tissue —— in.su.lar.ism n —— in.su.lar.i.ty n —— in.su.lar.ly adv
social 1: involving allies or confederates 2 a: marked by or passed in pleasant companionship with one's friends or associates b: sociable c: of, relating to, or designed for sociability 3: of or relating to human society, the interaction of the individual and the group, or the welfare of human beings as members of society <~ institutions> 4 a: tending to form cooperative and interdependent relationships with others of one's kind: gregarious b: living and breeding in more or less organized communities <~ insects> c of a plant: tending to grow in groups or masses so as to form a pure stand 5 a: of, relating to, or based on rank or status in a particular society b: of, relating to, or characteristic of the upper classes c: formal 2social n (1870): sociable
3.【正確答案】A
【中文釋義】 喬以完全相同的力度談及膚淺瑣碎和生死攸關(guān)的事件，好象對他而言嚴(yán)重的問題和瑣碎的問題沒有什么區(qū)別。
【解題分析】請注意這一句的比較結(jié)構(gòu)。上句用to the same degree 來表示同級比較，下句用mattered neither more or less than 來表示同級比較，所以就表現(xiàn)出了兩套比較結(jié)構(gòu)這種基本題型。此時(shí)比較雙方不應(yīng)發(fā)生變化，故第一個(gè)空格應(yīng)填下文出現(xiàn)過的serious issues，第二個(gè)空格應(yīng)填上文的superfluous。
【重點(diǎn)詞條】 superficiality 1: the quality or state of being superficial 2: something superficial
humdrum monotonous, dull —— humdrum n
4.【正確答案】B
【中文釋義】戴維斯的社會(huì)學(xué)研究的價(jià)值被地毫無顧忌地挑選材料的做法破壞了，他之所以這樣做是為了證實(shí)自己的觀點(diǎn)，同時(shí)忽略那些指向別的結(jié)論的事實(shí)。
【解題分析】while的前后為對比關(guān)系，通常我們又會(huì)主動(dòng)地在while前后找反義詞，這樣就可以將不明確的對比關(guān)系進(jìn)一步深化為對立面轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，此句的 while前后出現(xiàn)了一組反義詞，his own claims和other possible conclusions。所以解題思路頓時(shí)就明快了，while 之前是use了那些支持his own claims 的材料，那么while之后就應(yīng)該不使用那些支持other possible conclusions 的材料，所以第二個(gè)空格應(yīng)與use反義，可得答案B。
【重點(diǎn)詞條】unscrupulous not scrupulous: unprincipled —— un.scru.pu.lous.ly adv —— un.scru.pu.lous.ness n
deploy 1 a: to extend (a military unit) esp. in width b: to place in battle formation or appropriate positions 2: to spread out, utilize, or arrange esp. strategically ~ vi: to move in being deployed —— de.ploy.able adj —— de.ploy.ment n
5.【正確答案】E
【中文釋義】一旦文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期的畫家們學(xué)會(huì)了如何表現(xiàn)深度和體積，他們就能夠用更加真實(shí)可信的三維空間的圖像來代替中世紀(jì)的象征的，二維空間的約定俗成的表現(xiàn)方法。
【解題分析】主句的動(dòng)詞為replace A with B，顯然A和B應(yīng)該是反義詞，故第二個(gè)空格應(yīng)與symbolic構(gòu)成反義詞，事實(shí)上two-dimensional space已經(jīng)與actual space構(gòu)成了一個(gè)明顯的反義，與symbolic構(gòu)成反義的有C和E兩個(gè)答案，C答案導(dǎo)致前后文矛盾。
【重點(diǎn)詞條】render 1 a: to melt down <~ suet>; also: to extract by melting <~ lard> b: to treat so as to convert into industrial fats and oils or fertilizer 2 a: to transmit to another: deliver b: give up, yield c: to furnish for consideration, approval, or information: as (1): to hand down (a legal judgment) (2): to agree on and report (a verdict) 3 a: to give in return or retribution b (1): give back, restore (2): reflect, echo c: to give in acknowledgment of dependence or obligation: pay d: to do (a service) for another 4 a (1): to cause to be or become: make <~ed him helpless> (2): impart b (1): to reproduce or represent by artistic or verbal means: depict (2): to give a performance of (3): to produce a copy or version of (4): to execute the motions of <~ a salute> c: translate 5: to direct the execution of: administer <~ justice> 6: to apply a coat of plaster or cement directly to ~ vi: to give recompense —— ren.der.able adj —— ren.der.er n 2render n (1647): a return esp. in goods or services due from a feudal tenant to his lord
convention 1 a: agreement, contract b: an agreement between states for regulation of matters affecting all of them c: a compact between opposing commanders esp. concerning prisoner exchange or armistice d: a general agreement about basic principles or procedures; also: a principle or procedure accepted as true or correct by convention 2 a: the summoning or convening of an assembly b: an assembly of persons met for a common purpose; esp: a meeting of the delegates of a political party for the purpose of formulating a platform and selecting candidates for office c: the usu. state or national organization of a religious denomination 3 a: usage or custom esp. in social matters b: a rule of conduct or behavior c: a practice in bidding or playing that conveys information between partners in a card game (as bridge) d: an established technique, practice, or device (as in literature or the theater)
adumbrate 1: to foreshadow vaguely: intimate 2 a: to give a sketchy representation or outline of b: to suggest or disclose partially 3: overshadow, obscure —— ad.um.bra.tion n —— ad.um.bra.tive adj —— ad.um.bra.tive.ly adv
6.【正確答案】E
【中文釋義】他滿以為自己會(huì)因?yàn)楦婷芏艿礁屑?，但?shí)際上他遇到了的是近似于敵意的冷漠。
【解題分析】由but instead可以得出結(jié)論空格與gratitude 構(gòu)成反義詞；或者空格后的分隔結(jié)構(gòu)同樣構(gòu)成一個(gè)解題方法，(bordering)與敵意態(tài)度接近的當(dāng)然是答案E的difference。
【重點(diǎn)詞條】border 1: an outer part or edge 2: an ornamental design at the edge of a fabric or rug 3: a narrow bed of planted ground along the edge of a garden or walk 4: boundary 5: a plain or decorative margin around printed matter —— bor.dered adj 2border vb bor.dered ; bor.der.ing vt (14c) 1: to put a border on 2: to touch at the edge or boundary: bound <~s the city on the south> ~ vi 1: to lie on the border 2: to approach the nature of a specified thing: verge <~s on the ridiculous> —— bor.der.er n
openness 1: having no enclosing or confining barrier: accessible on all or nearly all sides 2 a (1): being in a position or adjustment to permit passage: not shut or locked (2): having a barrier (as a door) so adjusted as to allow passage b: having the lips parted c: not buttoned or zipped 3 a: completely free from concealment: exposed to general view or knowledge b: exposed or vulnerable to attack or question: subject <~ to doubt> 4 a: not covered with a top, roof, or lid b: having no protective covering <~ wiring> 5: not restricted to a particular group or category of participants <~ to the public> <~ housing>: as a: enterable by both amateur and professional contestants b: enterable by a registered voter regardless of political affiliation 6: fit to be traveled over: presenting no obstacle to passage or view <~ country> 7: having the parts or surfaces laid out in an expanded position: spread out: unfolded 8 a (1): low 13 (2): formed with the tongue in a lower position b (1): having clarity and resonance unimpaired by undue tension or constriction of the throat (2) of a tone: produced by an open string or on a wind instrument by the lip without the use of slides, valves, or keys 9 a: available to follow or make use of b: not taken up with duties or engagements c: not finally decided: subject to further consideration d: available for a qualified applicant: vacant e: remaining available for use or filling until canceled f: available for future purchase 10 a: characterized by ready accessibility and usu. generous attitude: as (1): generous in giving (2): willing to hear and consider or to accept and deal with: responsive (3): free from reserve or pretense: frank b: accessible to the influx of new factors (as foreign goods) 11 a: having openings, interruptions, or spaces: as (1): being porous and friable <~ soil> (2): sparsely distributed: scattered <~ population> (3) of a compound: having components separated by a space in writing or printing (as opaque pr adv —— open.ly adv —— open.ness n 2open vb opened ; open.ing vt (bef. 12c) 1 a: to move (as a door) from a closed position b: to make available for entry or passage by turning back (as a barrier) or removing (as a cover or an obstruction) 2 a: to make available for or active in a regular function <~ a new store> b: to make accessible for a particular purpose <~ed new land for settlement> <~ the way for changes> c: to initiate access to (a computer file) prior to use 3 a: to disclose or expose to view: reveal b: to make more discerning or responsive: enlighten c: to bring into view or come in sight of by changing position 4 a: to make an opening in <~ed the boil> b: to loosen and make less compact <~ the soil> 5: to spread out: unfold <~ed the book> 6 a: to enter upon: begin <~ed the meeting> b: to commence action in a card game by making (a first bid), putting a first bet in (the pot), or playing (a card or suit) as first lead 7: to restore or recall (as an order) from a finally determined state to a state in which the parties are free to prosecute or oppose ~ vi 1: to become open 2 a: to spread out: expand b: to become disclosed 3: to become enlightened or responsive 4: to give access 5: speak out 2 6 a: to begin a course or activity b: to make a bet, bid, or lead in commencing a round or hand of a card game —— open.abil.i.ty n —— open.able adj 3open n (13c) 1: opening 2: open and unobstructed space: as a: open air b: open water 3: an open contest, competition, or tournament 4: a public or unconcealed state or position
7．【正確答案】C
【中文釋義】這位外交官，因?yàn)樗谔幚磉@種精微的談判所表現(xiàn)出的耐心和技巧而被選拔出來，在談判中拒絕做出任何決策，因?yàn)樵谀菚r(shí)候任何突然的都是不恰當(dāng)?shù)摹?BR> 【解題分析】這位外交官的特征性格已經(jīng)在her demonstrated patience and skill中充分表現(xiàn)出來，對于一個(gè)有足夠耐心的人而言sudden committen 當(dāng)然是一個(gè)不好的做法，所以第二空格可以選A、C、D，再根據(jù)because 的因果關(guān)系可得答案C。
【重點(diǎn)詞條】decline 1 archaic: to turn from a straight course: stray 2 a: to slope downward: descend b: to bend down: droop c: to stoop to what is unworthy 3 a of a celestial body: to sink toward setting b: to draw toward a close: wane 4: to tend toward an inferior state or weaker condition 5: to withhold consent 6: to become less in amount ~ vt 1: to give in prescribed order the grammatical forms of (a noun, pronoun, or adjective) 2 obs a: avert b: avoid 3: to cause to bend or bow downward 4 a: to refuse to undertake, undergo, engage in, or comply with b: to refuse esp. courteously <~ an invitation> —— de.clin.able adj —— de.clin.er n
syn decline, refuse, reject, repudiate, spurn mean to turn away by not accepting, receiving, or considering. decline often implies courteous refusal esp. of offers or invitations . refuse suggests more positiveness or ungraciousness and often implies the denial of something asked for . reject implies a peremptory refusal by sending away or discarding . repudiate implies a casting off or disowning as untrue, unauthorized, or unworthy of acceptance . spurn stresses contempt or disdain in rejection or repudiation . 2decline n (14c) 1: the process of declining: a: a gradual physical or mental sinking and wasting away b: a change to a lower state or level 2: the period during which something is deteriorating or approaching its end 3: a downward slope: declivity 4: a wasting disease; esp: pulmonary tuberculosis syn see deterioration
unconscionable 1: not guided or controlled by conscience: unscrupulous 2 a: excessive, unreasonable b: shockingly unfair or unjust <~ sales practices> —— un.con.scio.na.bil.i.ty n —— un.con.scio.na.ble.ness n —— un.con.scio.na.bly adv